合力反恐纔是正確選擇
合力反恐纔是正確選擇
Joint Efforts Needed to Counter Terrorism Globally
鐘聲
Zhong Sheng
12月19日，土耳其和德國相繼發生恐怖襲擊事件，引發國際社會對暴力恐怖行爲的一致譴責，也再度引發人們關於全球合力反恐必要性的深層思考。
The successive terrorist attacks in Turkey and Germany on Monday have spurred worldwide condemnation of the violent acts of terrorism. Once again, people have realized the necessity to join hands to fight terrorism.
從當前透露的信息看，兩起事件的背後動機尚未完全明確，但其發生方式，卻在一定程度上反映了當前國際反恐形勢面臨的新變化。即將過去的2016年，恐怖主義呈全球化、本土化、碎片化、網絡化，“伊斯蘭國”和“基地”兩大組織更是擺出競拼態勢，導致全球恐怖活動整體上升。而國際反恐依舊困於大國博弈，特別是美俄關係齟齬，遲遲難以完全形成合力。
So far, the motivations behind the incidents are not quite clear, but the occurrence of such cases does reflect the changed situation in international anti-terrorism work.
With 2016 coming to an end, terrorism has shown signs of globalization, localization, fragmentation and online operation. The two major terrorist groups, ISIS and Al Quaeda, compete with each other in terrorist attacks, resulting in an increase in worldwide terrorist attacks.
Meanwhile, the international anti-terrorism work is held back by power politics by major countries, especially the disagreement between the US and Russia, thus preventing the formation of a joint force to crack down on terrorism.
19日俄羅斯駐土耳其大使遇襲身亡的消息，不免讓人聯想起2012年9月11日，美國駐利比亞班加西領事館遭襲，導致美國大使身亡事件。西亞北非動盪以來，美俄在一系列地區問題上分歧巨大，但必須面對反恐這個共同的挑戰。遺憾的是，過去幾年來，共同的挑戰卻並沒有自然轉化爲反恐合作。
The assassination of the Russian ambassador to Turkey reminded people of the terrorist attack on the US consulate in Benghazi, Libya on September 11, 2012, which caused the death of the US ambassador.
The US and Russia have huge differences on several regional agendas since the turmoil broke out in West Asia and North Africa, but both of them have had to deal with this common challenge. It was regrettable that over the past years, the common challenge didn’t encourage their anti-terrorism cooperation.
前一階段，中東發生兩場大的戰役，一場是伊拉克政府軍發起的摩蘇爾攻勢，另一場是敘利亞政府軍在俄羅斯支持下發起的阿勒頗戰事。兩場戰役無疑都涉及反恐，佔據摩蘇爾的“伊斯蘭國”和困守阿勒頗的“支持陣線”均是聯合國列名的恐怖組織。然而，對這兩場戰事，美國等西方國家態度卻迥然不同。一面對摩蘇爾之戰歡迎和支持，積極派兵助陣反恐，希望藉機彌補昔日伊拉克戰爭造成的“聲譽損失”；另一面卻對阿勒頗戰役橫加阻攔，爲“支持陣線”辯護，同時極力指責俄、敘製造人道慘案。
Not long ago, the Middle East witnessed two major battles: One was the Mosul attack started by Iraqi government, and the other was the Aleppo battle participated by Syrian government forces with the support of Russia. Both of them have something to do with counter-terrorism.
Both ISIS in Mosul and al-Nusra Front occupying Aleppo are terrorist groups listed by the UN, but the Western countries have adopted different attitudes toward the two wars. On the one hand, they supported the Mosul battle and sent reinforcements to crack down on terrorism in a hope to make up for their “reputation damage” caused by the Iraq war; on the other hand, they tried to stop Aleppo battle by defending the al-Nusra Front. They even accused Russia and Syria of undermining humanitarianism.
俄駐土大使遇襲身亡後，儘管西方各國政府也多在第一時間對襲擊行爲表達了譴責，但多家美歐媒體的相關報道，卻依舊不乏再“黑一把”俄羅斯的色彩，敘述中刻意強調襲擊事件“與俄羅斯支持巴沙爾·阿薩德政權、對敘利亞平民狂轟濫炸有關”。
Though many Western governments condemned the attack soon after the assassination of the Russian Ambassador, some media still showed their bias against Russia by emphasizing in their reports that “the incident was related to Russia’s support for Assad government and bombing of Syrian civilians.”
恐怖主義是人類的共同威脅，打擊恐怖主義是每個國家都應該承擔的責任。但現實中，一些國家在反恐問題上採取雙重標準，或者在反恐過程中夾雜“私貨”，有時甚至以“反恐”爲工具，希望藉此收穫“額外利益”。面對反恐這一全局性問題，打小算盤的後果必然是嚴重的、慘痛的。19日兩次襲擊事件的受害方，一頭是俄羅斯，一頭是老牌西方國家。在敘利亞等中東熱點問題上，西方與俄羅斯長期處於對立狀態，但恐怖主義卻並未對此“作出區分”。由此足見，極端主義、恐怖主義一旦蔓延，沒有誰能成爲真正贏家。放下分歧、合力反恐，對於整個世界具有緊迫性和必要性。
Terrorism is a common threat to all human beings, which means it is the common task for each country to fight against terrorism. But in fact, some countries have adopted double-standards toward anti-terrorism, or even mixed their hidden agendas in the process. They sometimes even pocketed “extra benefits” by using “counter-terrorism” as a tool.
It will lead to catastrophic consequences if each country only focuses on their petty schemes in facing this global threat. Both Russia and Western countries are victims of the two attacks.
The Western countries and Russia have divergences on a series of issues in Syria and Middle East, but the terrorists have launched “indiscriminate attacks” on them. It proves that no one alone can win against extremism and terrorism. It is imperative and necessary for all the stakeholders to put aside their differences and join hands to maintain world stability.
歷史學家尼爾·弗格森曾就當今世界面臨的恐怖主義威脅寫道：“在整個短期和平期間，我一直隱隱約約地懷疑陀思妥耶夫斯基筆下的羣魔還會回來。”放眼下一階段國際反恐合作，焦點離不開敘利亞和伊拉克形勢，不讓恐怖主義重新在此建成基地是關鍵。同時，也必須加大努力防止恐怖主義意識形態傳播，提高對“獨狼式”襲擊的警惕，並且以更大力氣解決容易被恐怖組織利用的宗教衝突、地緣政治博弈。爲了擋住“羣魔”，各國只有合力反恐這一條路可以走。
Historian Niall Ferguson, when talking about the fear of terrorism, wrote that the “demons” described by Dostoevsky would return to the world after the short peace. Looking into the future, the key to global counter-terrorism cooperation lies in the Syrian and Iraqi crisis since one priority is to stop the terrorists from rebuilding bases in the two states.
At the same time, the world has to curb the spread of terrorism mindset, stay alert against the “lonely wolf” attacks, and increase efforts to solve religious confrontations and geopolitical competition that tend to be manipulated by terrorist groups. In order to prevent “demons”, all of the nations should come together to fight against terrorism.
