創業者丨企業的信譽與收益

(CNN) -- Today's world increasingly challenges us to think differently about value and money. How important is your reputation? Does it have an impact on your finances? What is the currency of reputation and is it transferable or exchangeable?

來源：CNN--當今的世界不斷驅使我們思考價值與金錢對我們的重要性。個人聲譽有多重要？對於資金到底有多大影響？名譽的通行證是什麼？還有，那是可以轉移的還是可以兌換的？

How is reputation created?

信譽如何建立？

Reputation is co-created by individuals having experiences. You've probably even shared your own experiences with something you enjoyed or warned others about a less-than-positive experience. Your FICO score in the United States measures your credit risk, which is really credit reputation, based on your behavior.

信譽是由擁有不同經歷的人共同創造的。也許你在你所喜歡的事情中運用到你的經驗，或者提醒別人一個經驗稍缺的事情。美國的FICO信用記錄將會衡量你的信用分值，這就是真正意義上根據你的行爲而測量的個人信譽記錄了。

FICO：FICO信用分是由美國個人消費信用評估公司開發出的一種個人信用評級法，已經得到社會廣泛接受。FICO信用分計算的基本思想上把借款人過去的信用歷史資料與數據庫中的全體借款人的信用習慣相比較，檢查借款人的發展趨勢跟經常違約、隨意透支、甚至申請破產等各種陷入財務困境的借款人的發展趨勢是否相似。美國各種信用分的計算方法中，FICO信用分的正確性最高。

Reputation is crucial for the new economics of the 'Sharing Economy'

信譽在"分享型經濟"中是至關重要的因素。

Reputation is a requirement of the sharing economy. For Airbnb hosts and Uber and Lyft drivers, positive ratings are paramount to their success. It might seem crazy to stay at a stranger's house, but on Airbnb host reviews facilitate trust among strangers. Your AirBnB, Yelp and eBay reviews have immense values outside their immediate platforms. Even though these reputation systems have been created for the specific company -- imagine how powerful it would be to have your reputation in one place.

信譽保證是分享型經濟的需要。無論對於Airbnb的主人還是對於Uber或Lyft的駕駛員來說，業界正面的評價是他們成功的至關因素。也許你會覺得在陌生人家居住是一件不可思議的事情，但是旅客對Airbnb的信賴卻是毋庸置疑的。Airbnb, Yelp和eBay的售後反饋對他們的名聲有極大的價值作用。即使這些聲譽評價系統只爲某個特定的公司而設——請想想它是多麼的強大甚至能把你納入評價範圍內。

paramount: 最重要的，至高無上的。be paramount to: 對……至關重要
Airbnb: Airbnb是AirBed and Breakfast ("Air-b-n-b")的縮寫,中文名：空中食宿。空中食宿是一家聯繫旅遊人士和家有空房出租的房主的服務型網站，它可以爲用戶提供各式各樣的住宿信息。Airbnb成立於2008年8月，總部設在美國加州舊金山市。Airbnb是一個旅行房屋租賃社區，用戶可通過網絡或手機應用程序發佈、搜索度假房屋租賃信息並完成在線預定程序。
Uber，Lyft：美國的打車手機應用。
Yelp：美國最大的點評網站。
eBay: eBay（EBAY，中文電子灣、億貝、易貝）是一個管理可讓全球民衆上網買賣物品的線上拍賣及購物網站。ebay於1995年9月4日由Pierre Omidyar以Auctionweb的名稱創立於加利福尼亞州聖荷西。人們可以在ebay上通過網絡出售商品。

Uber and Lyft are both independent operator ride-sharing platforms. Both companies facilitate the connection between driver and passenger. Drivers must be reviewed and approved before giving rides through their system. In a move to gain more drivers and compete with Lyft, Uber reportedly offered bonuses to tempt already-approved Lyft drivers to the Uber platform. In some cases, it was apparently easier for a new driver to go through the Lyft approval process and then switch companies, than it was to apply directly to Uber.

Uber 和Lyft 都是獨立運營的駕乘共享平臺。兩所公司都配置乘客與駕駛員之間的聯繫載體。駕駛員在接載乘客之前，必須經過系統的審覈通過。據報道，Uber爲了在與Lyft的競爭中爭取更多乘客，願意給乘客額外的獎勵以此吸引早已支持Lyft的乘客。在某些情況下，對於新駕駛員來說，比直接申請加入Uber更容易的事，就是通過Lyft的測試再投向其他的公司。

Reputation and the future

信譽與未來

Reputation will become an increasingly visible part of our everyday transactions. While we will create reputation on individual platforms, there will be an increasing demand for fluid exchange of reputation and ratings from one system to another. We'll see tools to aggregate your reputation in one place. We may even see reputation system APIs developed to enable the transfer of your reputation to new platforms.

信譽將會在我們每天的交流中充當越來越重要的角色。我們有可能在某個個人平臺上建立自己的信譽，同時也會有在不同系統的相應增長的信譽和排名的流動交換。我們會發現這些工具在其標準下統計整合。甚至我們能夠發現信用系統應用程序的發展，以致我們的信譽記錄在不同的平臺之間可以互相傳遞。

Picture this: four friends having dinner in a restaurant in the not-too-distant future. After the meal, they pay using a "Smart Check," using integrated mobile payments, credit cards and private coins. As part of the Smart Check experience, diners can rate their experience immediately -- everything from individual dishes, the service, and even the restaurant itself.

請想象一下這個情況：在不久將來，將會有四個朋友在一間餐館裏面共進晚餐。晚餐過後，他們使用"Smart Check"進行支付手續，這是一個移動支付平臺，運用信用卡或私人貨幣等。這一頓晚餐作爲Smart Check體驗的一部分，就能夠在其平臺馬上獲得評價與升級——什麼事情都可以，個人菜單，服務，甚至是餐館都可以在這裏得到反映。

Or how about this -- it's the year 2020 and a woman is searching for a motorcycle at an online classified site. As part of her search results, the seller's reputation is shown. This makes it easy to decide which seller to deal with.

又或者是這樣，在2020年的一天，一位女士正在網上搜尋一輛摩托車。在她搜尋的範圍內，賣家的信譽能夠被看到。這樣她就能夠更容易地選擇哪一家店了。

Beyond these scenarios, expect to see more fluid exchange of reputation between their original systems -- akin to monetary exchanges. We'll see more of personal reputation integrated in person-to-person transactions, which will enable deeper transactions in the resource sharing economy.

除了這些情況下，再試想一下不同系統之間的信譽流動交換——類似於貨幣流通的情況。我們將會見證到與個人信譽度更密切相連的人與人之間的建議，使得分享型經濟的資源交易越來越深刻。

小編小結：文章通過分析Uber和Lyft的例子，把信用評價系統作爲衡量一間企業是否符合大衆要求的標準，人們通過在網絡平臺上發佈自己的意見，從而給其他消費者提供參考。排名靠前的企業，也能因此而獲得消費者的信賴，成爲大家的首選。在我們國家也有類似的軟件，如支付寶，大衆點評等，都能夠給大家提供快捷便利的幫助，如果我們想要獲得信譽良好、質量上乘的產品和服務，就一定要先了解該產品的背景，信譽度等，以此保障自己的權益。