機械錶英語怎麼說
機械錶通常可分爲手動上鍊及自動上鍊手錶兩種，如今機械錶仍是一種潮流，那麼你知道機械錶用英語怎麼表達嗎，現在跟本站小編一起學習關於機械錶的英語知識吧。
Swatch, the world's largest watch company, known for its colorful plastic watches, owns a near-monopoly on the manufacturing and sale of precision mechanical movements and components in the Alpine nation.
But starting next year it will cut essential supplies it has sold to competitors for more than three decades, first by 25%, then tapering them each year until Dec. 31, 2019, when it will pull the plug entirely.
The ruling is one of the biggest shifts to hit Swiss mechanical watch industry since its founding.
以生產彩色塑料手錶著稱的斯沃琪集團是世界上最大的鐘表公司。在這個阿爾卑斯高山國家，斯沃琪集團幾乎壟斷了精密機械機芯和其他部件的製造和銷售。
但從明年開始，這家公司將改變已經延續了三十多年的做法，開始削減出售給競爭對手的關鍵零部件數量。最初削減25%，然後逐年減少，直至2019年12月31日徹底停止供應。
這項裁定堪稱爲瑞士機械錶行業自創立以來遭受的最大沖擊之一。
【講解】
文中的mechanical watch就是“機械錶”的意思，其中mechanical是形容詞，解釋爲“機械的;機器操作的”，如：The new car had to be withdrawn from the market because of a mechanical defect.(那款新汽車因有機械缺陷只好撤出市場。);它和mechanic是形近詞，較易混淆，mechanic用作名詞時，意爲“機械師;機械學”，如：motor mechanic(汽車機修工)。
文中第一句中的monopoly是名詞，意爲“壟斷”，如：monopoly capital(壟斷資本)，monopoly price(壟斷價格)。
機械錶的英語例句這種裝置在機械錶製造工業中是很需要的。
This kind of device is much needed in the mechanical watch-making industry.
機械錶將會造得和電子錶一樣準確嗎?
Will mechanical watches be made as accurate as electronic ones?
我就買一塊石英錶，代替我的老機械錶吧。
I'll take a quartz watch to replace my old mechanical one.
第一同時也是最明顯的是，瑞士幾乎佔據着壟斷地位，特別是在頂級機械錶市場上。
First, and most obvious, Switzerland has a virtual monopoly, especially for top-priced mechanical watches.
首先，你需要一個正常工作的機械錶，天氣必須是晴天。
First , you'll need a non-digital watch in working condition and a sunny day.
這兩種機械錶都不需要使用電池，因此更加環保。
In both cases, no batteries are required, therefore it is more ecological.
爲了保持走時，機械錶的彈簧需要定期上弦。
In order to keep working, the spring of the mechanical watch has to wound periodically.
可直接固定牆上或安裝在電線杆上，能安裝任何規格機械錶或電子錶。
It can be directly fixed on the wall or installed on the electric pole, and suitable for any specification of electronic meter.
他從機械錶的構造中學到了管理企業的關鍵：完整的結構組成，合理的配合，要有動力。
The structure of a mechanical watch has taught him keys to running a business: completeness in structural components, close cooperation between different parts, and strong motivation.
最後一張照片顯示夾具湯姆用於旋轉機械錶的外部形狀搖桿武器與他們四捨五入目的。
The last photo shows the fixture Tom used in the rotary table to machine the outer shape of the rocker arms with their rounded ends.
價錢在兩百美元左右的機械錶是哪種?
Which is the automatic one for about two hundred dollars?
戴弗爾的理論至少能在一定程度上解釋，爲什麼近十年來買家願意花天價購入手錶，尤其是機械錶。
Diver's theory goes at least some way to explaining why buyers have been willing to pay the sky-high prices of the past decade, particularly for mechanical watches;
而控制機械錶快慢的旋轉平衡擺輪每秒通常只能來回五次左右。
The spinning balance wheel that paces a mechanical watch typically rocks back and forth at about five beats a second.
傳統機械錶時，若手錶有售後服務，應確定質保期不少於六個月。
When buying a vintage watch, ensure that there is a guarantee of at least six months if the watch is being sold as serviced.
關於機械錶的英文閱讀：製表大師喬治·丹尼爾斯A SCHOOLBOY once asked George Daniels what he had at the end of the chain that led to his pocket. A silly question, really. But it was worth asking, because what Mr Daniels pulled out, carefully, was what he called his Space Traveller's Watch. It gave mean solar time, mean sidereal time, equation of time, and could chart the phases of the moon. Mr Daniels liked to say it would be useful for trips to Mars. He had surmised almost the same when, at five or six, he had first prised open with a fairly blunt breadknife the back of an old watch he had found at home, and seen “the centre of the universe” inside.
一名男學生曾經問喬治·丹尼爾斯，他那根伸進衣袋的鏈子末端有什麼。多麼愚蠢的問題。但是值得一答。因爲丹尼爾斯小心翼翼從口袋裏拿出來的表被他稱爲“宇宙旅行者之表”。錶盤上不僅能顯示平太陽時，還能顯示平恆星時、時差，記錄月相。丹尼爾斯說，去火星旅行的時候這款表就能大顯身手。其實在五六歲的時候他就想到這一點了。那是他第一次用鈍了的麪包刀剖開家裏的一塊舊錶，看見了“宇宙的核心”。
He had never imagined then that he would make the universe by hand. But he did. Every component of his Space Traveller's Watch—as of the 36 other watches he made, each unique, over his 42 working years—was produced from scratch. He made the screws, the springs and the levers, the pallets and gears, the hands and the plain, often numberless dials. He also made the tools that made them, except for the lathes and turning engines. No one else had ever learned the dozens of necessary skills. But after years of teaching himself horology from clocks bought for a bob or two at jumble sales, or comrades' broken watches in the army, or the wonderful Breguet and old English timepieces he went on to restore for collectors, he had begun to think, why not?
那時候丹尼爾斯還從未想象過自己能夠將整個宇宙納入一塊表中。但是他確實做到了。在42年的製表生涯中，他一共製作了37塊表，每一塊都獨一無二。其中之一便是“宇宙旅行者之表”。表的每一部分都是由他親手製作，沒有使用任何外來的零件——螺釘、彈簧、槓桿、托盤和齒輪、指針以及簡潔但是有無數刻度的鐘面。連用來製作這些零件的工具都是他自己做的——用來發動引擎的車牀除外。在丹尼爾斯之前，沒有人學過如許多基本的製表技術。他自學鐘錶製作多年，這些鐘錶有的是花一兩個先令從舊貨攤上買來的，有的是軍隊軍官用壞了的，還有的是他爲收藏者修復的精緻無比的寶璣(Breguet)表和古老的英國座鐘。多年後，他自問：爲什麼我不能自己製表呢?
Hour after hour, for it wasn't the sort of work you could just do a little of and leave again, he would cut and shape, file and polish, temper and hammer. The work flowed from the tools almost unconsciously. He learned from a craftsman in Clerkenwell how to make cases, usually of gold with a silver back and bezels. His first watch was sold to a collector friend, Sam Clutton, in 1970 for ￡1,900; when sold in 2002, it fetched more than ￡200,000.
他就這樣開始了製表生涯。他會連續幾個小時地工作，切割塑造出基本形狀，用矬子將表打磨光滑，用小錘調整精確度。這些工作不允許匠人只敲打一會兒就去做的別的事情。匠人幾乎是無意識地被工具操控着。丹尼爾斯向一名匠人學習怎樣製作表盒，通常是那種銀質的背部和帶有銀質表座的金質表盒。他的第一塊表於1970年以1900英鎊的價格賣給了一個名叫Sam Clutton的收藏家朋友。而這塊表在2002年賣出的時候，售價超過了20萬英鎊。
Tick, tock
滴答，滴答
A hard, poor childhood in north London had given him a nose for a deal and a sharp sense of the value of everything. But his pieces were private experiments, not commissions. He wanted to build watches that kept better time than any in the 500 years before. The general public was happy, from the late 1960s, with quartz models that lost, on average, two or three seconds a month. But Mr Daniels was determined to show that a mechanical watch could beat them. In the mid-1970s he made a double-escapement watch for Mr Clutton which, over 32 days, lost less than a second. His happiness at beating quartz came close to his boyhood joy when a wall-clock he had mended magnificently exploded, springs and glass everywhere, as the family ate their bread and jam at the supper table.
丹尼爾斯在倫敦北部度過了他貧窮艱苦的童年，這一段生活經歷培養了他善於發現商機的天才和對一切事物價值的敏銳直覺。但是他製作的鐘表都是個人的試驗品，而非受委託製作的商品。他還想製作出五百年來報時最準確的表。從20世紀60年代以來，人們就使用石英錶，並對其每個月平均誤差兩到三秒的性能十分滿意。但是他下定決心要製作出前無古人的機械錶。20世紀70年代中期，他爲Sam Clutton製作了一塊雙擒縱機構的表。32天裏表的誤差沒有超過一秒。這次他的表打敗了石英錶所帶來的喜悅不亞於孩提時代他修過的家裏的壁鐘突然爆炸，彈簧和玻璃蹦得到處都是帶給孩子的驚喜，而那時全家人正圍着餐桌吃果醬麪包呢。
Now he had to improve on the lever escapement, which had been invented in 1754 by the English horologist Thomas Mudge and used in most watches since. It worked by friction, as the teeth of the gears slid over the pallet; but this arrangement needed lubrication, and as the oil degraded the watch lost time. Mr Daniels became obsessed with the tick, tock of clocks (a sound that filled his various homes, together with silvery chimes), and how to get an impulse on both the tick and the tock that would not be affected by humidity, temperature, oil sludge or agitation. His solution, invented in 1976, was the co-axial escapement, an arrangement in which two wheels, placed one above the other, transmitted to the pallet a radial impulse that needed no lubrication and so (if wound) would never stop.
接着他要完善的是叉瓦式擒縱機構。叉瓦式擒縱機構1754年由英國製表師Thomas Mudge發明，從那以後就廣泛運用於大部分表中。它的表面指針由齒輪在托盤上滑動產生的摩擦帶動。但是這一工作原理要求內部零件保持潤滑，否則隨着潤滑度的磨損，報時會逐漸喪失準確性。隨着研究的深入，丹尼爾斯越來越對鐘錶發出的滴答聲着迷，這聲音和銀鈴般的報時鐘聲，在他的每一處宅邸裏盪漾。他還癡迷於解決如何使表獲得傳動又不受溼度、溫度、潤滑度和震動影響的問題。該問題的解決方案於1976年誕生，這便是同軸式擒縱機構。這一裝置由疊置於托盤上的兩個齒輪組成，兩個齒輪會向托盤傳遞放射狀的傳動力而不需要任何的潤滑，因此永遠不會停止(如果“永遠”可以實現的話)。
That achievement earned him many honours for services to horology, but it was only the beginning of a long slog to get his idea accepted. The world of clocks and watches was a closed one. He knew it himself, because his boyhood watch studies from library books were a private realm only he could understand, and the 18th-century English masters—Mudge, Arnold, Earnshaw—the only real friends he had. Watchmakers kept the secrets they learned in their lonely working hours. Even later, when he had put himself in the millionaires' bracket and had to move to the Isle of Man for tax reasons, his friends were in the motoring clubs where he shared his other passion, for vintage Bentleys and racing cars. He had no watchmaker friends at all.
這一成就作爲他對鐘錶業的傑出貢獻，爲他贏得了諸多榮譽。但這只是他爲普及自己的技術使用而踏上的荊棘之路的起點。鐘錶業界是一個封閉的世界。他通過自己的經歷得出這一點，因爲他童年時從圖書館的書籍上獲得的鐘表知識構成了一個只有他自己才能涉足的私人領域，而18世紀英國的製表大師Mudge, Arnold和Earnshaw是他僅有的真正的朋友。製表師們都各自保留着他們在孤獨工作時知悉的鐘表的祕密。即使後來，丹尼爾斯進入百萬富翁的行列，爲了避重稅不得不搬到馬恩島(Isle of Man)，他的朋友也僅限於摩托俱樂部內，這裏有他能找到對老式賓利車和賽車的共同愛好者。他的朋友裏沒有一個是製表師。
So it was no surprise to him, though keenly disappointing, that the Swiss watchmaking industry was neither eager to look at the co-axial escapement, nor able to understand it. He did the rounds of the factories for more than 20 years. After four years with Patek Philippe, he could not persuade them to make it. Omega began to produce it in limited editions in 2006, after seven years of “development” that Mr Daniels dismissed as unnecessary. Large-scale production would have been too expensive. But Mr Daniels also suspected sheer dislike of outsiders.
所以，瑞士的鐘表製作業對他的同軸式擒縱機構既不感興趣也不能理解，這也是他意料之中的事，儘管他還是爲此十分失望。他花了二十多年時間尋找鐘錶製造商來採用他的技術，爲了說服百達翡麗(Patek Philippe)他就花了整整四年，但是仍然失敗了。歐米茄在對同軸式擒縱技術進行七年的“發展”後開始利用該技術生產限量版手錶，而這七年在丹尼爾斯眼裏毫無必要。歐米茄稱“限量”是因爲大規模生產成本過高，但是丹尼爾斯懷疑他們僅僅是不歡迎圈外人。
While restoring the timepieces made by his idol Breguet in the 19th century, he had made two clocks in the same style, just to prove he could beat the master. They were so fine that the company insisted on putting the Breguet secret signatures on them. Mr Daniels went along with it. He had a secret cipher of his own, though, a dove with an olive branch. It meant peace to his rivals, French or Swiss; but if the most ingenious invention in watchmaking for 250 years was too tricky for them, why, he would just pick it up, snap it shut and put it back in his pocket.
在修復他的偶像Breguet製作於19世紀的座鐘的同時，他還製作了兩臺同樣風格的座鐘，僅僅爲了證明他可以戰勝這位製表大師。這兩臺座鐘高貴典雅精美絕倫，寶璣表公司(Breguet)甚至堅持要將Breguet的祕密簽名刻在上面。丹尼爾斯同意了。他自己也有一個祕密簽名，是一隻銜着橄欖枝的鴿子，意味着與競爭對手法國和瑞士之間的和睦相處。但是如果250年來鐘錶製造業中最具天才的發明對於這兩個國家太過神祕晦澀，那麼，丹尼爾斯何不收起他的表，“啪”地一聲合上表蓋，放回衣袋呢。
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