2020年9月英語四級模擬題及答案解析（二）
2020年9月四級考試在即，小編今天爲大家整理了2020年9月英語四級閱讀理解和寫作的模擬題及答案解析。同學們在做完試題後，一定要認真對答案並找出自己做錯的原因。大家加油呀，沖沖衝！祝大家都能高分通過考試！
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
Some radio singals were heard in 1967.They were coming from a point in the sky where there was unknown star.They were coming very regularly,too:about once a second,if they were controlled by clock.
The scientists who heard the signals did not tell anybody else.They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.The signals were coming from a very small body—no bigger,perhaps than the earth.Was that why no light could be seen from it?Or were the signals coming from a planet that belonged to some other star? There was no end to the questions,but the scientists kept the news secret.“Perhaps there are intelligent beings out there.”they thought,“who are trying to send messages to other planets,or to us?So the news was not given to the newspaper.Instead,the scientists studied the signals and searched for others like them...Well,all that happened in 1967 and 1968.Since then scientists have learnt more about those strange,regular,radio signals.And they have told the story,of course.
The signals do not come from a planet;they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar””.About a hundred other pulsars have now been found,and most of them are very like the first one.
Pulsars are strong radio stars.They are the smallest but the heaviest stars we know at present.A handful of pulsar would weigh a few thousand tons.Their light—if they give much light—is too small for us to see.But we can be sure of this,no intelligent beings are living on them.
21. The radio signals discussed in this passage____.
A.were regular B.were controlled by a clock
C.were heard in 1967 only D.were secret messages
22. The radio singals were sent by____.
A.a satellite B.a planet
C.a sky body which was unknown at that time
D.intelligent beings who were unknown at that time
23. The scientists did not tell people about the signals because____.
A.the singals stood for secret messages
B.people would ask them too many questions
C.they did not want to frighten people
D.they stood for unimportant messages
24. A pulsar is____.
A. a small heavy star which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen
B. a small heavy planet which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen
C. a small heavy satellite which sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen
D. a small intelligent being who sends out strong radio signals and cannot be seen
25. Which of the following is true?
A.One of the pulsars found by scientists sends radio signals.
B.Pulsar began to send radio singals in 1967.
C.Scientists have searched for pulsars for many years but found none.
D.Scientists have found many pulsars since 1967. rn life and ancient life.
27. “one out of seven” refers to____.
A.more than a third of the lands' earth
B.the percentage of the earth's land that is desert-like
C.the number of people who live in dry regions
D.a day of a week
28. In paragraph 2,“they are taken to the greener lands in the south.”They refers to____.
A.the Sahel farm land B.the farmers
C.the cattles D.the trees
29. How many ideas for saving the land are described?
A.Five. B.Two.
C.Four. D.Three.
30. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage?
A.The earth's desert are slowly spreading.
B.One out of 10 people lives in dry regions.
C.Their life in the desert is threatened now by traditional problems.
D.New water wells can solve the problem in Africa's desert.
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
Telephone, television, radio, and telegraph all help people communicate with each other. Because of these devices, ideas and news of events spread quickly all over the world. For example, within seconds, people can know the results of an election in another country. An international football match comes into the homes of everyone with a television set.News of a disaster such as an earthquake or a flood can bring help from distant countries within hours, help is on the way. Because of modern technology like the satellites that travel around the world, information travels fast.
How has this speed of communication changed the world? To many people,the world has become smaller. Of course this does not mean that the world is actually physically smaller. It means that the world seems smaller. Two hundred years ago,communication between the continents took a long time. All news was carried on ships that took weeks or even months to cross the ocean. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,it took six weeks for news from Europe to reach America.This time difference influenced people's actions. For example, one battle, or fight, in the War of 1812 between England and the United States could have been avoided. A peace agreement had already been signed. Peace was made in England, but the news of peace took six weeks to reach America. During these six weeks, the large and serious Battle of New Orleans was fought. Many people lost their lives after a peace treaty had been signed.They would not have died if news had come in time.In the past,communication took much time than it does now.
There was a good reason why the world seemed so much larger than it does today.
31. News spreads fast because of____.
A.modern transportation B.new technology
C.the change of the world D.a peace agreement
32. According to this passage,____is very important to people in a disaster area.
A.fast communication B.modern technology
C.latest news D.new ideas
33. Which of the following statements is true?
A.The world now seems smaller because of faster communication.
B.The world is actually smaller today.
C.The world is changing its size.
D. The distance between England and America has changed since the War of 1812
34. Two hundred years ago,news between the continents was carried____.
A.by telephone and telegraph B.by land
C.by air D.by sea
35. The New Orleans Battle could have been avoided if the peace agreement had been signed____.
A.by both sides B.in time
C.in America D.in England
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
The concept of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one.An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if individuals would make sound personal health choices based upon current medical knowledge.
We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it restricted when it is within the legal and moral boundaries of society.[ZZ)]The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may concern our health.If we so desire,we can smoke,drink excessively, refuse to wear seat belts,eat whatever foods we want,and live a completely sedentary life-style without any excuse.The freedom to make such personal decisions is a fundamental aspect of our society,although the wisdom of these decisions can be questioned.Personal choices relative to health often cause a difficulty.As one example,a teenager may know the facts relative to smoking cigarettes and health but may be pressured by friends into believing it is the socially accepted thing to do. A multitude of factors,both inherited and environmental,influence the development of health related behaviors,and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss all these factors as they may affect any given individual.However,the decision to adopt a particular health-related behavior is usually one of personal choices.
There are healthy choices and there are unhealthy choices.In discussing the moral of personal choice,Fries and Crapo drew a comparison.[ZZ(Z]They suggest that to knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.[ZZ)]Thus,for those individuals who are interested in preserving both the quality and quantity of life,personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.
36. The concept of personal choice concerning health is important because____.
A.personal health choices help cure most illnesses
B.it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge
C.it is essential to personal freedom in American society
D.wrong decisions could head to poor health
37. To “live a completely sedentary lifestyle”(Para. 1) in the passage means____.”
A.to live an inactive life B.to live a decent life
C.to live a life with complete freedom
D.to live a life of vice
38. Sound personal health choice is often difficult to make because____.
A.current medical knowledge is still insufficient
B.there are many factors influencing our decisions
C.few people are willing to trade the quality of life for longevity
D.people are usually influenced by the behavior of their friends
39. To knowingly allow oneself to pursue unhealthy habits is compared by Fries and Crapo to____.
A.improving the quality of one's life
B.limiting one's personal health choice
C.deliberately ending one's life
D.breaking the rules of social behavior
40. According to Fries and Crapo sound health choices should be based on____.
A.personal decisions B.laws of society
C.statistical evidence D.opinions of friends
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions:For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition with the title ON Friendship.Your composition should be no less than 120 words.Remember to write your composition neatly.You should also base your composition on the outline below.
1.The need for friends
2.True friendship
3.My principle in making friends
答案
1短文大意
1967年人類收到了一些太空信號。這些信號來自太空中的某一恆星領域，它們極有規律，難道這是外星人向地球或我們發收的信號?爲了不致在人們 當中造成恐慌，科學家們一直保守着這個祕密，並且一直對它們進行研究。如今，當然一切都真相大白。原來這些信號都來自一種叫脈衝星的恆星，它們的密度極大連光線也難以逃逸。但有一點可以確定，上面沒有智能生命存在。
21. 答案A。【參考譯文】 文中討論到的電磁信號……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“辨認事實”的能力。【詳細解答】見原文第一段，“They were coming very regularly,too.”他們同樣非常有規律，與 A)項同意。B)were controlled by a clock.由時鐘控制，原文前面有一表示“似乎的”連詞 if。C)，D)根據下文判斷都不正確。
22. 答案C。【參考譯文】 這些電磁信號來自於……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據已知信息進行推斷”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文第三段“...they come from a new kind of star called a “pulsar””他們來自一種叫脈衝星的新型恆星。 A) a satellite衛星，B)a planet行星，D)當時未知的智能生命。
23. 答案C。【參考譯文】 科學家們沒有把有關電磁信號的事情告訴人們是因爲……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“理解文章中某些細節”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文第二段開頭“ The scientists who heard the singals did not tell anybody else.They were rather afraid to tell in case they frightened people.”聽到該信號的科學家未告訴別人，他們害怕這樣會驚嚇了老百姓。因此選擇 C。
24. 答案A。【參考譯文】 脈衝星是……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“辨認事實”的能力。【詳細解答】見原文第四段，實際由“star”這個單詞就可排除B)，C)和D)選項。
25. 答案D。【參考譯文】 以下說法，哪一個是正確的?【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據已知信息進行推理”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文第三段最後一句“About a hundred other pulsars have now been found...”因此D)項正確，其他各項均與原文意思不符。
2短文大意
本文主要討論的是沙漠擴張的問題。人們賴以生存的降雨及植被在不斷減少，地球上 40%的土地已成了沙漠或已沙漠化， 1/7的人口生活在乾旱地區，以及現代生活造成的一些問題使人類生存日益受到沙漠擴張的威脅。雖然科學家還未能徹底瞭解沙漠問題，但是一些保護土地的措施已被採用，人們在與沙漠抗爭。
26. 答案A。【參考譯文】 本文主要談論的是什麼?【試題分析】 此題考查考生“把握文章主旨及大意”的能力。
【詳細解答】 全文主要闡述了沙漠擴散帶來的水源缺乏的問題，以及人們採取的措施。 A)符合該中心思想;B)，C)和D)雖在文中提到過但作爲主要思想，過於片面。
27. 答案C。【參考譯文】 1/7指的是……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“理解文章中某些細節”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文第一段第三句“ About 628 million people -one out of seven-live in these dry regions.”大約628，000，000(約爲1/7)的人住在這些乾旱地區。C)項符合所指代的內容，爲正確答案。
28. 答案C。【參考譯文】 在第二段中，“他們被送往南方的綠草地”，他們指的是……【試題分析】此題考查考生“理解文章中某些細節”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文最後一句“ Some Sahel farmers still raise cattle on their poor farm land,but before the cattle are sold,they are taken to greener lands in the south to get fat”一些Sahel農民在他們貧瘠的農場上仍然飼養着牛羣，但在把他們賣出之前，往往要送到南方多草的土地上以增肥。 they指代前面的the cattle。因此C爲正確選項。
29. 答案D。【參考譯文】 文中描述了幾種保護土地的創意?【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據已知信息進行推斷”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文第二段“...but there have been many ideas for saving the land.”但已有了許多保護土地的創意。以下各句即爲例證，確定其數目爲 3，因此D爲正確選項。
30. 答案A。【參考譯文】 根據短文，以下說法，哪個是正確的?【試題分析】 此題考查考生“辨認事實”的能力。【詳細解答】見原文第一段最後一句“Now largely through problems caused by modern life,their existence is threatened by the slow,steady spread of the earth's deserts.”現在由於現代生活產生的一些問題，他們生存日益受到地球沙漠逐步緩慢擴散的威脅。因此A爲正確選擇。B)中正確數目應爲one out of seven,C)應是modern problems，D)文中未提及。
3短文大意
本文主要討論了現代通信的發展給世界帶來的巨大變化。如今電話，電視，收音機和電報使人們可以相互交流，由於這些手段的運用，新聞事件傳遞得更 快。通信的加快是如何改變了這個世界的呢 ?對很多人來說世界變小了，當然這並非指世界真的變小了，而是指通信的加快使得人們之間的交流更方便，人們之間的距離似乎變小了。
31. 答案B。【參考譯文】 新聞傳遞得更快了是因爲……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據材料進行推理”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文第一段最後一句，“Because of modern technology like the satellite that travel around the world,information travels fast.”因此B)爲正確選項。
32. 答案A。【參考譯文】 根據短文，……對災區的人民至關重要。【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據已知信息進行推斷”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文第一段“News of a disaster such as an earthquake or a flood can bring help from distant countries within hours,help is on the way”因此A快速通信爲正確答案。C)最近，最新新聞並不全面。B)現代技術，D)新觀念。
33. 答案A。【參考譯文】 以下說法，哪個是正確的?【試題分析】 此題考查考生“理解文章中某些細節”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文第二段“ ...To many people,the world has become smaller...”對許多人來說，地球變得更小了。這當然不是地球本身變小了，而是因爲通信交流加快。因此A)爲正確的闡述。
34. 答案D。【參考譯文】 200年前，各大洲之間的消息是通過……傳遞的。【試題分析】 此題考查考生“理解文章中某些細節”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文第二段“ ...Two hundred years ago,communication between the continents took a long time.All news was carried on ships that...”二百年前，大陸之間的信息傳遞耗時很長。所有的消息都是通過海上傳遞的…。D)by sea符合該意，因此爲正確答案。
35. 答案C。【參考譯文】新奧爾良戰爭是可以避免的，假如和平協議……簽署的話。【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據材料進行推理”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文第二段“Peace was made in England,but the news of peace took six weeks to reach America...”和平協議在英格蘭簽署，但該消息直到六個星期以後才傳到美國。因此可以排除選項A)、B)和D)
4短文大意
健康的行爲選擇十分重要。據估計 90%的疾病是可以預防的，假如人們選擇健康的行爲方式的話。我們的社會給了我們極大的自決的權利，而影響健康行爲選擇的因素也是多方面的。雖然我們有選擇自己行爲方式的權利，但那種明知會減少壽命而爲之的做法無異於自殺。
36. 答案D。【參考譯文】 個人健康行爲選擇很重要是因爲……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據已知信息進行推理”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文前兩句，“The concept of personal choice in relation to health behavior is an important one.An estimated 90 percent of all illnesses may be preventable if...”正確選擇健康行爲的觀念非常重要。據估計，90%的疾病是可以避免的，假如……。因此 D)爲正確選項。
37. 答案A。【參考譯文】 文章中提到的“過一種完全是案牘的生活”指的是……【試題分析】此題考查考生“根據上下文推測詞義”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文第一段“ ...and live a completely sedentary life-style without any exercise.”採取一種整天坐着而無運動的生活方式。A)to live an inactive life.符合該意，爲正確答案。
38. 答案B。【參考譯文】 健康的行爲選擇難以做出是因爲……【試題分析】 此題考查考生“理解文章中某些細節”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文第二段開頭，“ A multitude of factors influence the development of health-related behavior, and it is beyond the scope of this text to discuss...”該句說明影響人們選擇健康行爲方式的因素諸多。因此B爲正確選項。
39. 答案C。【參考譯文】 有意地選擇不健康行爲習慣被Fries和Crapo比作……【試題分析】此題考查考生“理解文章中某些細節”的能力。
【詳細解答】 見原文第二段“ ...knowingly give oneself over to a behavior that has a statistical probability of shortening life is similar to attempting suicide.”明知某一行爲有統計的縮短壽命的可能而這麼做無異於自殺。 C)項deliberately ending one's life即爲自殺，爲正確選項。
40. 答案C。【參考譯文】 根據Fries和Crapo的觀點，健康的行爲選擇應以……爲依據。【試題分析】 此題考查考生“根據已知信息進行推理”的能力。【詳細解答】 見原文最後一句“...personal health choices should reflect those behaviors that are associated with statistical probability of increased vitality and longevity.”人們應選擇那些根據統計可增強活力增加壽命的行爲方式。因此C)statistical evidence統計數據爲正確答案。
Part Ⅳ 寫作指導
這是一篇議論文，要求根據提綱來展開論述。論述時應層次分明，先論述生活中缺少不了朋友，然後再論述什麼纔是真正的朋友，並在此基礎上闡明自己 交友的原則。隨着社會的發展，社會節奏的加快，人與人之間的關係反而淡漠了。每個人身上都或多或少反映着某種心理疾病，人們渴望交友。在範文中，第一段先闡明在社會交往中離不開朋友，再分別從兩個方面指出遇到困難時可以從朋友那兒得到幫助;高興，娛樂時可以和朋友分享。通過 first,secondly加強文章的邏輯性。第二段在論述什麼是真正朋友時引用成語“患難見真交”，使其更具說服力。最後一段表明自己的交友態度，總 結全文。
Writing Sample
As a human being,one can hardly do without a friend.Society is made up of individuals,and making friends is a very important part in our life.Friends can give you a lot.First,if you have trouble with some problems,you can consult your good friends and exchange opinions.Thus,you will feel comfortable and encouraged.Secondly,if you wish to do some physical exercises,such as playing table tennis,you could play with friends and have a good time.
But what is true friendship?Some people think friends are people whom they can play with.In my opinion,a friend in need is a friend indeed.True friendship can encourage you when you are in difficulties.A true friend not only shares with you
your joy and happiness but also your trouble and anxiety.When you need him,he will give you a hand and spare no efforts.
As far as I'm concerned,I wish to make as many friends as possible.The world is a big family,and we will feel relaxed in a friendly atmosphere.I wish some day we can all be friends.
