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託福聽力:iBT結構聽力法

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爲了幫助大家備考託福聽力,下面小編給大家帶來託福聽力:iBT結構聽力法,希望大家喜歡!

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託福聽力:iBT結構聽力法

新託福聽力所考察的,就是大家能否抓住主要內容的能力,能否忽略細小的細節,抓住最主要的結構,不管是聽力部分,還是口語或者寫作,都需要考生具備這種能力,因此我用“結構聽力法”命名我的教學法。

所謂的結構聽力法,顧名思義就是學會如何抓主要結構。首先,我們可以分析一下託福聽力的考察方面。根據官方指南所給出的託福聽力對技能的考察,我們可以看出,託福聽力主要考察三個方面:

1. basic understanding (基本理解)50%

2. pragmatic understanding (實際理解)25%

3. connecting information (連接信息)25 `%

而這三個方面如果再詳細的分析的話,可以看出具體是考察6種技能:

1. identifying the topic and main idea (主題)

2. listen for details (主要細節)

3. determining attitude and purpose (態度,目的,重放題較多)

4. making inferences and predictions (推斷題)

5. categorization information (分類)

6. summering a process (過程)

通過分析OG上的樣題,ETS的在線模考題,還有目前我們能接觸到的託福的模擬題,我們可以看出,每個對話和講座所出的題目,其實都是有規律的,也就是每篇文章都有相對固定的出題點,那麼只要我們把握了這些出題點,在聽錄音的時候注意抓這些結構,在看到一個題目的時候,不管題目是怎麼出的,只要我們能判斷出來它想考查什麼東西,一般都能正確的答題。

聽任何一篇文章的時候,我們要注意如下的10點主要結構,每個結構都對應上述的考察點:

1主題,2定義,3因果,4過程,5例子,

6轉折,7強調,8列舉,9比較,10總結

對於對話來說,一般是考察這樣幾點:

1. 對話的主題

2. 造成問題的原因(雙反反覆解釋的)

3. 老師的解釋或者建議

4. 對話的結果

5. 一般會有一個重放錄音的題目,考察具體語句的意思,或者說話人的態度(OG上明確說,每個對話和講座,至少有一個重放錄音題目)

抓住這5點,幾乎對話的所有題目都在這個範圍之內。大家可以在做對話的練習中,不斷體驗這個結構。

對於一個講座來說,它的結構可能會涉及到上述所講的10點中的幾個方面。講座都是有相對固定的結構的,這是有英語文章的寫作特點決定的。英語文章結構嚴謹,形式固定,總分總非常明顯。而講座只不過是這些文章變成了講述版,夾雜了一些口語表達語言習而已。例如,有的講座,是先講述一個主題,再定義,舉例子,再總結,中間可能會出現某些重要細節的強調。有些講座是講兩樣事物,開始進行分類,定義,對比,舉例子,強調重要細節,總結。等等。我們熟悉了講座的講解形式,就可以去抓這些結構。做到每次聽到某些信號詞的時候就要特別小心,記筆記,預測出題點。

例如,

我要求我的學生,只要聽到分類列舉,就一定要記筆記。標誌性的句子是“there are three majorreasons for…” “there are two major types of glaciers. One is…the other is…” 一般自己預期的是後面會出現一個搭配題或者是判斷題。

只要聽到老師說 “remember! Keep that in mind! One importantelement in…A very interesting theory about this is…”證明是在強調,一會應該預期會出一到相關的細節題。

只要聽到 “different, distinguish, distinction, similar,same” 不管是在任何時候,都要注意聽對比,肯定會有一道題目考察這個。

只要在開頭聽到 “development, formation, process, procedure,approach”,就一定要注意預期過程,步驟,必定會考某種形式的排序題。只要聽到表示順序的詞語,一定要記筆記,否則光靠聽會漏掉細節。

只要聽到例子, “say…, take…for example, for instance…” 就一定要仔細聽這個例子到底在說明什麼道理。可以不寫太多,但是一定要抓住老師爲何說這個例子。幾乎每個講座都會考,老師爲什麼提到每個例子。

只要聽到總結 “to sum up, in summary”, 一定要注意聽總結的內容。很多推斷題,預測題,都是對講座最後一點的推斷。絕對不能放掉。

每次在範聽,記筆記的時候,都注意抓這些信息點。然後結合題目,看自己的筆記是否能和題目的出題點對應上。每次做題都分析錯誤的原因,以便下次能夠在記筆記的時候能更加準確。

託福聽力中的長句聽不清怎麼辦

在託福聽力中有很多連讀,如果不知道很容易聽不清或者聽錯,所謂連讀,指的詞與詞之間交界的兩個音會經常連在一起,發音時好象連成了一個較長的單詞。託福聽力技巧,大家要有所瞭解。連讀有助於完整意義的表達,並使整句話具有強烈的粘着感,體現句子的整體性,充分體現美語語言的自然流暢。要從你的口語着手,只要你讀的時候是連讀的,聽起來就熟悉了。

託福聽力中常見的三大連讀形式,考生們可以先掌握了技巧再去針對性的練習,相信你一定能夠渡過託福聽力連讀這道坎。

託福聽力連讀一,輔元連讀。在一個句子或短語中,前一個單詞以輔音結尾,後一個單詞以元音開頭時,需要將輔音和元音拼在一起連讀。如:when I, run out of; fit it in; not at all; call it a day。

託福聽力連讀二,元元連讀。第一種,在一個句子中或短語中,前一個單詞的發音以/i/或/ai/結尾,後一個單詞以元音開頭時,中間加一個半元音/j/,如:I am...第二種,在一個句子或短語中,前一個單詞的發音以/u/或/u:/結尾,後一個單詞以元音開頭時,加一個半元音/w/, 如:you are,who are。

託福聽力連讀三,h/讀穿。如,isn’the; I just hope that my old suit still fits; Just stick around here; if I see her。

託福聽力必備習語彙總1

above all - most importantly

account for - explain

as a matter of fact - in fact ,to speak the truth

as a rule - generally ;normally

about to - be ready to;be on the point of doing something

an old hand - be an experienced persom

any day now -soon

approach sb -talk to sb

be fed up with - be out of patience with

be on one’s own - live independently

be on the safe side - take no chances

be out of something - have no longer in supply

be tired of - be bored with ,frustrated with

be up to ones’ears - be extremely busy

be up to someone -be a person’s responsibility

be out for -trying to get

be out of the question - be unacceptable ,impossible

bite off more than one can chew - take on more than one can handle

break down - cease to function

break the ice - begin to be friendly wuth people one doesn’t know

break the news - inform or give bad news

brush up on - imporve noe’s knowledge of something through study

bump into - meet unexpectedly

by and large - in general

by heart - by memory

by all means - absolutely ,definitely

by no means - in no way

call off -cancel

cheer up - be happy

come down with - become sick with

come into -receive,especially after another’s death

come up with - think of

count on - depend upon

count out - eliminate

die down - become quiet ,become less

do without - manage without something

drop by - visit informally; pay a short visit

every other - alternate

fall behind - lag; fail to accomplish something on time

託福聽力必備習語彙總2

fall through - fail to happen or be completed

far cry form - completely different from;a long way

feel like - have a desire or wish for

feel up to - feel well enough to or be capabele of

few and far between - not happening often; rate

figure out - determine; reason out by thinking

fill in for -take another’s place

fill - tell what sb. should know

fish out of water - out of one’s element or natural environment

flying colors -success,victory

for good - permanently; forever

for the time being - for now; temporarily

get away with - escape without punishment

get rid of - give something away; sell, destroy, or throw away something

get the ball rolling - start something; make a beginning

get the hang of - understand; learn

give a hand - help

go without saying - understood; clear without needing to be stated

go off -begin to ring

hang on - keep hold of; persevere;keep doing something

hard to come by - difficult to obtain

have a heart - have kind feelings; be understanding

have a hunch - have an idea based on feelings rather than reason

hold off - delay;postpone

hop to it - get started on something quickly

hit it off - get along well with someone

ill at ease - uncomfortable

in hot water - in trouble

in the air -uncertain

in the dark - keep someone without knowdge; information from somenoe

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