直接引語與間接引語中情態動詞的變化
1.Direct Speech Indirect Speech (Future)
1.直接引語與間接引語（將來時態）
Future simple, “will” changes to “would”
將來時比較簡單，只用把“will”改爲“would”。
She said, “I will buy food for dinner”
她說：“我將要買晚餐用的食物”
She said that she would buy food for dinner.
她說她將買晚餐要用的食物。
2. Modal Auxiliary Verbs in Indirect Speech
2.間接引語中的情態助動詞
Can you remember what a modal verb is in English or what its function is?
你還記得，在英語中，什麼是情態動詞以及它的作用是什麼嗎？
Modals are used to show modality. This means they provide extra information when used in a sentence, they may show a persons ability, obligation, possibility or permission for example.
情態動詞是用來表示情態的。這意味着在使用情態動詞時，它們在一個句子中能提供額外信息，例如：他們可以表達某人的能力、義務、或某事的可能性或得到許可。
With indirect speech you must change the modal verbs; can, may and must from the present tense to the past tense. Whereas the modals; would, could, should, ought to and might do not change when using the indirect speech.
使用間接引語時，你必須改變情態動詞：“can”，“may”和“must”從現在時態轉換爲過去時態。而情態動詞：“would”，“could”，“should”，“ought to”和“might”在間接引語中則保持不變。
3. Modal Verbs that Change in Indirect Speech
3.間接引語中變化的情態動詞
Let’s look at some examples to see how modal verbs work with indirect speech.
讓我們來看一些例子，看看情態動詞在間接引語中的作用。
She said, “I can speak five languages.”
她說：“我會說五種語言。”
She said that she could speak five languages.
她說她會說五種語言。
She said, “I can’t speak a foreign language”
她說：“我不會說外語。”
She said that she could not speak a foreign language.
她說她不會說外語。
He said, “I may need time off work”
他說：“我可能需要休假。”
He said that he might need time off work.
他說他可能需要休假。
The teenagers said, “We must be home before 10 P.M.”
少年們說：“我們必須在晚上10點之前到家。”
The teenagers said that they had to be home before 10 P.M.
少年們說，他們必須在晚上10點以前回家。
The examples above show us that the modal verb can changes to could, may changes might and must changes to had to.
上面的例子告訴我們情態動詞“can”變爲“could”，“may”變爲“might”，“must”變爲“had tp”。
4. Modal Verbs that Don’t Change in Indirect Speech
4.間接引語中不變化的情態動詞
As I said other modals don’t change when using indirect speech but you may still have to change the pronoun, the word order or the adverb of time. Read the examples below to see what I mean.
正如我所說的，在使用間接引語時，其他情態動詞不用改變。但你可能還是得改變一些代詞，詞序或時間副詞。閱讀下面的例子，你就明白我的意思啦。
She said, “I would travel the world if I had enough money”
她說：“如果我有足夠的錢，我會周遊世界。”
She said that she would travel the world if she had enough money.
她說如果她有足夠的錢，她會周遊世界。
The students said, “we should study more before our exams”
學生們說：“我們應該在考試前多複習”。
The students said they should study more before their exams.
學生們說他們應該在考試前多學習。
Future continuous, “will be” changes to “would be”
將來進行時中，“will be”轉換爲“would be”。
They said, “there will be a party next weekend”
他們說：“下週將舉行一個聚會。”
They said that there would be a part next weekend.
他們說，下週將舉行一個聚會。
Future perfect, “will have” changes to “would have”
將來完成時中，“wil have”轉換爲“would have”。
I said, “I will have to study more for my exams”
我說：“爲了考試我得多學習一會兒”。
I said that I would have to study more for my exams.
我說我要爲考試而多學習一會兒。
He said, “I might go to the concert”
他說：“我可能去聽音樂會。”
He said that he might go to the concert.
他說他可能去聽音樂會。
Ryan said, “I could go to the shop later.”
賴安說：“我可以晚一點去商店。”
Ryan said that he could go to the shop later.
賴安說他可以晚些時候去商店。
Sarah said, “I ought to buy a new car”
莎拉說：“我應該買一輛新車。”
Sarah said that she ought to buy a new car.
莎拉說她應該買一輛新車。
5. Pronouns in Indirect Speech
5.間接引語中的代詞
Another important rule to note is the change in pronoun. Did you wonder why in some of the examples above the pronoun changed? For example:
另一條重要的規則是代詞的變化。你想知道爲什麼在上面的一些例子中，代詞發生了變化嗎？例如:
She said, “I play football”
她說：“我踢足球”。
She said that she played football.
她說她踢足球。
She said, “I will buy food for dinner”
她說：“我要買晚餐用的食物”。
She said that she would buy food for dinner.
她說她將買些晚餐要用的食物。
The subject or the pronoun of the second part of the sentence, the indirect speech, is the pronoun that must be changed.
句子中第二部分的主語或代詞，就是間接引語中必須改變的代詞。
We have to look at the first part of the sentence, see what verb or pronoun is being used and change the pronoun, in the second part of the sentence, in accordance to this.
我們必須看句子的第一部分，看看在這個句子中使用了什麼動詞或代詞。然後改變句中第二部分的代詞，使其與第一部分的人稱保持一致。
For example:
例如：
She said, “I am scared of spiders”
她說：“我害怕蜘蛛”。
She said that she was scared of spiders.
她說她害怕蜘蛛。
They said, “we want dinner”
他們說：“我們想要晚餐”。
They said that they wanted dinner.
他們說他們想要晚餐。
Don’t forget to change the verb in accordance to the pronoun, I am scared – She is scared.
別忘了改變動詞，使其與代詞保持一致，我很害怕——她很害怕。
