GRE閱讀高頻機經原文：Music Landowska
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GRE閱讀高頻機經原文：Music----Landowska
GRE考試原文：Music----Landowska
when, in the twentieth century, the concept of the virtuoso-as-hero retired, as a replacement came the scholar-pianist, the musician-pianist, the re-creator of the composers’ thoughts. With this change came the abdication of technique. Virtuosity in and of itself, indeed, became something of a dirty word.
One of the important new figures, though she was a harpsichordist and not a pianist, was Wanda. Landowska, she was the one who demonstrated how Bach, Handel, Scarlet and Couperin sounded on the instrument for which their music was originally conceived. It would be a mistake to consider Landowska a classicist, however. She had been born in an age of romantic playing, an age dominated by the figures of Liszt, Leschetisky and their pupils. Thus she grew up with certain romantic traditions of performance and whatever the stringency of her musical scholarship, for Landowska knew how to hold an audience breathless and when she gave a recital, it was to the accompaniment that all great artists receive deathlike silence and rapt attention.
Her playing was romantic, but who is to say that it was not closer to Bach then the dry munching of some later harpsichordists? She had a miraculous equality of touch, with a left hand that seemed to say the least, colorful. But no artist in this generation (and, one is confident, in any generation) could clarify with such deftness the polyphonic writing of the baroque masters. And none could make the music so spring to life.
Her secret was a lifetime of scholarship, plus perfect technical equipment and resilient rhythm, all combined with knowledge of just when not to hold the printed note sacrosanct. Of course, that alone demands a lifetime of knowledge. She was a genius at underlining the dramatic and did have meaning and emotional significance. She took liberties, all kinds of liberties, but like all great artists she could get away with them. In short, her entire musical approach was romantic: intensely personal, full of light and shade, never pedantic.
Thanks to Landowska, Bach began to sound thick when played on the piano. One by one, pianists stopped playing Bach as adapted by Liszt, Bach as adapted by Tausig. Then they began to think twice before performing any kind of baroque music, including even Scarlatti. The piano repertoire, it began to be felt, was extensive enough without reverting to transcriptions and Bach and Scarlatti on the piano were in a way, transcriptions no matter how faithfully the original notes were played.
In line with this kind of purity came the emphasis on the back to nature study of the composers’ manuscripts that has continued to the present, will continue and is something new in the scheme of things.
GRE閱讀詞彙精選之香
aroma n.芳香，香氣
aromatic adj.芳香的
balm n.香油,藥膏
balmy adj.(氣候)溫和的,芳香的
flavouring n.香料，· 調味品
incense n.香，· 香味v.激怒
odoriferous adj.有香味的，· 芳香的
perfume n.香味，· 香水
redolent adj.芬芳的 芳香的
scent n.氣味，· 香氣
vanilla n.香草，· 香子蘭
musky a. 麝香的
fragrant a. 芬香的,馥郁的
小屋
beam n.(房屋等)大梁,光線
dome n.圓屋頂
eaves n.屋檐
hovel n.茅舍，骯髒的小屋
igloo n.冰屋
lodge v.住宿，存放 n.小屋
lodger n.寄宿人，房客
dislodge v.逐出，取出
masonry n.石工技術，石屋
shack n.簡陋的小屋，棚屋
shanty n.簡陋的小木屋
shingle n.木瓦，屋頂板
thatch n.茅草屋頂，茅草
hut n. 小屋，茅舍
GRE閱讀詞彙精選之偷盜
appropriate v.撥款，盜用
appropriation n.撥款，挪用公款
embezzle v.盜用,侵吞
embezzlement n.貪污，侵吞
graft v.嫁接，移植，n.貪污
peculate v.挪用(公款)
kleptomania n. 燎擇?
larceny n盜竊
pirate n.海盜，剽竊者 v.盜印,掠奪
filch v.偷(不貴重的東西)
pilfer v.偷竊
purloin v.偷竊
rustler n.偷牛(馬)賊
eavesdrop v.偷聽，竊聽
bug n.臭蟲，· 竊聽器
peek v.偷看
stowaway n.(藏於輪船，· 飛機中的)偷乘者
sneak v.鬼鬼祟祟而· 行，· 偷竊
burgle v.夜盜
彎曲
contort v.(使)扭曲
contortion n.扭曲，彎曲
crook v.使彎曲
crooked adj.彎曲的，扭曲的
crumple v.弄皺，扭彎
detour n.彎路，繞行之路
devious adj.不正直的，彎曲的
flex v.彎曲
flexible adj.易彎曲的，靈活的
lithe adj.柔軟的，易彎曲的
pliable adj.易彎的,柔軟的
pliant adj.易受影響的,易彎的
ply v.(搬運工等)等候顧客,彎曲
roundabout adj.繞遠道的，轉彎抹角的
serpentine adj.似蛇般繞曲的，蜿蜒的
snaky adj.似蛇的，彎曲的，陰險的
tortuous adj.彎彎曲曲的，蜿蜒的
warp n.v.翹起，彎曲
yielding adj.彎曲自如的，靈活的
tortile adj 扭彎的，扭卷的
ambagious adj 迂迴曲折的
askew adj.歪斜的 v.歪斜，彎曲
suppleness n.易彎曲,柔軟,順從
bent a.彎曲的,決心的 n.愛好
meander v.蜿蜒而流，漫步
winding adj.蜿蜒的，迂迴的
awry adj.扭曲的,走樣的
wry adj 扭曲的 n.諷刺性幽默
還有curved, circuitous, convoluted
GRE閱讀詞彙精選之放縱
abandon v.n.放棄，放縱
bacchanal n.(行爲放縱的)狂歡會
bacchanalian adj.狂歡的,行爲放縱的
carouse v.n.狂飲尋樂
carousal n.歡鬧的酒宴
debauch v.使放蕩，墮落
debauchery n.放蕩，· 沉緬酒色
incontinent adj.無力控制(自己)的，· 縱慾的
intemperate adj.無節制的,放縱的
laxity n.鬆弛，· 放縱
lechery n.好色，· 縱慾
liberated adj.無拘束的，· 放縱的
libertine n.性行爲放縱者，· 浪蕩子
licentious adj.縱慾的，· 放肆的
rambunctious adj.喧鬧的，· 放縱的
saturnalia n.縱情狂歡
wanton adj.頑皮的，· 放縱的
spree n 狂歡，· 縱樂，· 宴會
voluptuous adj.撩人的，· 沉溺酒色的
voluptuary n.耽於逸樂的人
lascivious adj.淫亂的，· 好色的
lecherous adj.好色的
lewd adj.好色的，· 猥褻的
libidinous adj.性慾強的，· 好色的
lubricious adj.光滑的，· 好色的
prurient adj.好色的,淫亂的
prurience n.好色,淫亂
salacious adj.好色的，· 淫蕩的.
salacity n.好色，· 淫蕩
sensual adj.肉慾的、淫蕩的
sensuality n.淫蕩、好色
excesses n.過份荒淫的行爲
smutty adj.淫穢的
voyeur n.窺淫狂者，· 窺隱私者
obscene adj 淫穢的
risque adj 下流的，· 淫猥的
bawdy adj 淫猥的、下流的
prodigality n放蕩,淫逸,揮霍· 浪費,慷慨,豐富
immoral adj.不· 道德的，· 淫蕩的
reprobate v.譴責，· 指· 責.n.墮落的(人)
ignoble adj.卑鄙的，· 下流的
ribald adj.下流的，· 粗鄙的
scurrilous adj.下流的、惡言毀謗的
vulgar adj.無教養的，· 下流的
cad n. 卑鄙的男人,下流人,無賴
indelicate a. 下流的,無教養的,卑鄙的,不· 雅的
lust n.強烈的慾望
dissolute adj.放蕩的，· 無節制的
raffish adj.輕浮的，· 放蕩的
profligate adj.揮金如土的 n.揮霍· 者,放蕩者
sybaritic adj 奢侈享樂的
epicurean adj.好享樂的享樂主義的
hedonism n.享樂主義，· 享樂
hedonistic adj.享樂的
