自我意識 是提高領導情商的關鍵大綱

“If your emotional abilities aren't in hand, if you don't have self-awareness, if you are not able tmanage your distressing emotions, if you can't have empathy and have effective relationships, then nmatter how smart you are, you are not going tget very far.

“如果你沒有足夠的情商，沒有自我意識，不能克服負面情緒，沒有同理心也沒有良好的人際關係，那麼，無論你的智商多高，你都不會取得多麼大的成就。”

“IQ is a major factor in deciding which profession you can get into. But once you are in that field, emotional intelligence emerges as a much stronger predictor of whwill be most successful, because it is how we handle ourselves in our relationships that determines how well we donce we are in a given job.”

“決定你能否從事某一行業的主要因素是智商。但是，在你入行之後，決定你能否成功的更重要因素是情商。這是因爲，你的工作表現取決於你如何處理工作關係，而如何處理工作關係取決於情商。”

A recent survey of 75 members of the Stanford Graduate School of Business Advisory Council rated self-awareness as the most important capability for leaders tdevelop. Executives need tknow where their natural inclinations lie in order tboost them or compensate for them. Self-awareness is about identifying their own personal idiosyncrasies — the characteristics that executives take tbe the norm-- but actually represent the exception.

根據最近一項對斯坦福商學院顧問委員會（Stanford Graduate School of Business Advisory Council）成員的調查，75人均將自我意識列爲成功領導者最爲重要的一項能力。作爲領導者，需要了解自己的脾性，揚長避短。自我意識關係到分辨自身特有的習性，而領導者往往將這種特性視爲理所當然，可實際上只是特例。

Self-awareness is indeed very important for leaders, and is one of the five dimensions of “Emotional Intelligence” identified by Dr. Daniel Goleman, a leading expert on the subject of “EQ.” In the old days, perhaps a person in a position of responsibility could survive solely on the basis of their “IQ” and professional expertise. But in the complex world we now live in, where people have increasingly higher standards for those they follow, leaders are expected tcontinuously develop their EQ if they are tearn the respect of others.

自我意識對於領導者尤爲關鍵，也是情商權威專家丹尼爾o戈爾曼博士認定的情商的五大維度之一。在過去，一位領導者可能僅憑智商和專業技能就可以應付管理。而在當今日趨複雜的世界，人們對領導者的標準也水漲船高；如果想要贏得別人的尊重，領導者就需要不斷提高自己的情商。

Never heard of “Emotional Intelligence or “EQ?” Then I suggest that this article is going tbe important for you!

如果你以前對所謂的“情商”不甚瞭解，那麼我強烈建議你閱讀本文，因爲這對你將非常重要！

Goleman’s 5 Dimensions of Emotional Intelligence include:

戈爾曼認定的情商的五個維度爲：

1. Self-awareness: literally ‘knowing yourself’

1. 自我意識：也就是對自身的瞭解

2. Self-regulation: managing yourself and your moods

2. 自我調節：控制自己的行爲和情緒

3. Motivation: knowing what motivates you and what does not

3. 自我激勵：知曉什麼能夠和不能激勵自己

4. Empathy: the ability texperience others as legitimate and valuable and identify with their struggles

4. 同理心：能對別人的心態感同身受並認同別人的努力

5. Social skills: the ability tbuild rapport with others, whenever needed

5. 社交能力：能在任何情況下與他人達成默契

We claim that Self Awareness is the ‘master key’ tEmotional Intelligence and that the other four of Goleman’s EQ elements all ultimately link back tSelf-Awareness.

我們認爲，在科爾曼認定的五大維度中，自我意識是萬能之鑰，另外四種最終均取決於自我意識。

Sin this article we are going ttalk about three things regarding Self-Awareness:

因此，我們在本文中要探討關於自我意識的以下三個問題：

What is it really?

自我意識到底是什麼？

How can you develop it?

如何提高自我意識？

Why it is the absolutely essential “Master Key” for aspiring leaders

爲什麼說自我意識是領導者成功必需的“萬能之鑰”？

1. Self-Awareness: what is it really?

1. 自我意識到底是什麼？

According tMind Tools () “If you're self-aware, you always know how you feel, and you know how your emotions and your actions can affect the people around you. Being self-aware when you're in a leadership position alsmeans having a clear picture of your strengths and weaknesses, and it means behaving with humility.”

根據個人能力提升網站Mind Tools（）的定義，自我意識是“總是知道自己的感受，懂得自己的情緒和行爲對他人會造成何種影響；作爲領導者，具有自我意識還意味着清楚自己的長處和不足，待人處事時保持謙虛”。

That’s a good start but treally understand Self Awareness, you must gdeeper than this. In our definition, Self-Awareness and “Other Awareness” are simply twsides of the same coin. The tware natural parts of the same process, just as Yin is part of Yang. “Swhat?” you ask! Well, think about this:

能做到這些，的確是一個不錯的開端。但想要真正理解自我意識，就必須更加深入地瞭解它。在我們的定義中，自我意識和“他人意識”只是一體兩面。如同陰陽相生，它們是同一過程中兩個天然的組成部分。你一定會問：“那又如何？”呶，不妨思考一下以下問題：

If there were n‘others’ it wouldn’t make any sense ttalk about a ‘self’ at all…would it? As humans, we naturally experience our ‘self’ in relationship tothers, whether they be colleagues, family members, or utter strangers.

如果沒有“他人”，再說“自我”還有什麼意義，不是嗎？我們每個人不都是從與他人的交往中，無論是同事、家人或陌生人，自然而然地形成“自我”體驗的嗎？

Those ‘others’ alsexperience their ‘self” only in relation t‘others.’

這些“他人”也通過與“他人”的交往形成“自我”體驗。

Therefore, Self Awareness and Other Awareness should not be separated: when we talk about one, we must talk about the other.

因此自我意識和他人意識不能分開而論：提及其一，則必須提及其二。

For you emerging leaders: there is nothing more important than understanding your self, in order that you can understand others.

要成爲領導者，首要的問題就是認識自己，然後才能理解他人。

The good news in all this?As you deepen your insights intyourself, others stop seeming smysterious and hard tunderstand. You will gain insight, empathy and confidence simply by working on your own Self-Awareness. What a deal! ? And, since humans are at root, self-centered, most people are more than willing tlooking in the mirror once in a while, right? But that kind of self-admiration and narcissism are NOT what we are writing about here. We are talking about you, willing tsee the WHOLE picture of yourself, embrace it as it is, and start working with it. Ok, if you are ready, we can now answer the question “What is self awareness really?”

瞭解這些就夠了嗎？如果你對自己的認識更加深入，別人在你眼中也不再那麼神祕難測了。通過提高自我意識，你提高了認識能力、具備同理心，也贏得了信任。何樂而不爲！?而且，人的天性就是以自我爲中心，大多數人更願意時不時看看鏡子中的自己，不是嗎？但是這種自我欣賞或者說孤芳自賞的心態不是本文討論的範圍。本文要談的問題是你，一個願意並開始全面認識自我、認同自我的你。現在，如果你已經做好準備，我們就可以回答“什麼是自我意識”的問題了。

Self-Awareness includes:

自我意識包括：

Knowing what you like, dislike and why: what motivates you and what demotivates you, being aware of your own values

知道自己喜歡什麼，不喜歡什麼，以及當中的原因：什麼可以激勵你，什麼讓你沮喪，認識自己的價值觀

Being crystal clear about your talents and strengths AND your weaknesses

對自己的才能、優點和缺點了然於心

Being conscious of the content of your own mind (not as common as you might think!)…the ability tobserve your own thoughts

明白自己在想什麼（並非你可能以爲的那種“明白”！）……觀察自己思想的能力

Knowing your own beliefs and knowing which ones empower you and which ones should be discarded…including beliefs about yourself AND others

明白自己的信念，同時明白哪些可以帶來力量，哪些應該拋棄……同時包括對自己和對他人的信念

Knowing your direction in life: where you are headed and why

明白自己的人生方向：你的目標是什麼以及原因何在

Knowing and appreciating your own unique value as a human being

認識並欣賞自己作爲人類的獨特價值

Just looking at this list it should be easy tsee that there is a great deal about which tbe self-aware. And it follows that if these elements are on your list…they are alson everyone else’s list, right? And sthese awarenesses are key tunderstanding yourself as well as others.

瞭解此清單，可以很容易看出有很多東西需要自我意識。由此可知，如果這些要素在你的清單上……它們同樣也在其他每個人的清單上，不是嗎？所以，這些認知對於瞭解自己和他人都是非常關鍵的。

OK, we’ve answered the question “what is self-awareness really?” Let’s move tthe second question.

我們已經回答了“什麼是自我意識”這個問題。現在讓我們進入第二個問題。

2. How Can You Develop Self-Awareness?

如何發展自我意識？

The answer is both easy and difficult. The easy part of the answer is “get busy and start filling in the blanks, for yourself, regarding each of the above six elements of Self-Awareness.” The difficult part is that we humans are never ‘fixed and frozen’ or locked inta static way of being. We are a process, ever flowing, ever changing, evolving, alwaysemerging. As such, developing your self-awareness is a life long adventure, a journey, not a project for Thursday afternoon.

答案既簡單又複雜。簡單的部分是：“針對上述自我意識的六大要素，讓自己逐一對照填補空白。”困難的部分則是，我們人類永遠都不是“固定和僵化”的，或在一個靜態的存在方式中不變。我們處在一個過程當中，它不停地流動、不停地變化、演變，不斷涌現。因此，發展自我意識是一次漫長的人生冒險、一趟長長的旅程，而不是週四下午的一個短暫項目。

However there are some excellent tools tget you started on your journey:

不過這裏有一些容易讓你開啓思索旅程的不錯工具：

Take the Meyers-Briggs Type Indicator assessment, a valuable psycho-metric tool for self-understanding:

進行MBTI心理類型測試，這是一種很有價值的自我認識心理測試工具：

Take the DISC personality assessment tunderstand what motivates you:

進行DISC性格測試，瞭解自己的動力是什麼：

Study the Enneagram tlearn your deeper motivations and pitfalls:

研究九型人格，更深入瞭解自己的動機和誤區：

Da Values Elicitation Exercise tunderstand you are really care about… and what you don’t. Email me and I can send you one (only have English at this time)

進行一次價值啓發測試，瞭解自己真正關心什麼……不關心什麼。想要獲得測試題，請通過電子郵件與我聯繫（目前只有英文版）

Start a Daily Journal tcapture what you learn from the above, writing down your thoughts, ideas and insights. Review it each week and each month. Keep doing this until the sun starts rising in the West.

開始每天寫日記，記錄從上面所學到的知識，記下自己的思想、想法和觀點。每週和每月翻看日記。堅持下去，直到太陽從西邊出來。

Take my “Belief Change Adventure” workshop: a great way tdiscover your beliefs and actually change the ones that nlonger serve you.

參加我的“信念改變冒險”講習班：發現自己信念，並真正改變不適合自己信念的好方法。

A WORD OF CAUTION!Slow down, take a deep breath, relax. Great! Many people (because of faulty beliefs) assume that diving intSelf-Awareness means they will find out a lot of bad, nasty or unhappy things about themselves. If that sounds like you, please discard this idea right now. Self-Awareness is about finding out whyou really are and becoming more of whyou really are. It is NOT a Witch Hunt! I promise you, as a long time resident of The Human Dimension, most of what you will discover is going tbe treasure. Ok, you might find some junk…sjust discard it! But never used these tools as a way tput yourself down.

提醒！放慢速度，深呼吸，放鬆。非常好！很多人（由於錯誤的信念）認爲進入自我意識，意味着將會發現自己很多糟糕、難以啓齒或不愉快的事。如果這就是你，請馬上拋棄這種想法。自我意識是爲了發現自己真正是誰，並且成爲一個真正的你。它不是巫術迫害！我向你保證，作爲長久以來研究人類思維的研究者，你會發現多數東西都將是值得珍惜的。沒錯，你可能會發現一些垃圾……那就拋棄它！但千萬不要用這些工具來貶低自己。

Finally:NEVER use these tools t‘compare’ yourself with others because that is self-defeating and pointless. You are you, scompare yourself with you. Self-Awareness is not a contest and there is n“one perfect way’ of being. Remember the saying in Chinese “when you compare yourself with others it just makes you angry!”

最後：絕對不要利用這些工具將自己和他人進行“比較”，這是自我挫敗和毫無意義的。你就是你，所以只要和自己進行比較。自我意識不是競賽，也沒有存在的“完美方式”。記住中國有句諺語“人比人，氣死人！”。

3. Why is Self-Awareness the “Master Key” for Leaders?

3. 爲何自我意識是領導者的“萬能之鑰”

We said from the beginning that Self-Awareness is the most essential quality for effective leadership. This is simply because leaders lead…people! And tlead others, one must begin by leading oneself, on a journey of self-discovery and self-understanding. If you are willing ttake this journey and make it a life-long practice, here is what will happen:

我們在本文開篇就說過，自我意識是有效領導的最重要品質。很簡單，這是因爲領導者帶領的是人！要領導他人，必須先從領導自己開始，這是一條自我發現和自我理解的旅程。如果你願意進入這一旅程，並且願意終身踐行，將會發生什麼：

You will develop deep empathy and compassion for other human beings, including total strangers.

你將對他人，包括陌生人，抱有很深的同理心和同情心。

You will empower yourself, discarding old ideas and beliefs that nlonger serve you and it will be easy for you thelp others dthe same.

你將能讓自己摒棄陳舊的觀念和信仰，而且很容易幫助他人這樣做。

You will liberate your own potential, your deep passion, your inspiration and joy and you will become a magnetic leader that people will naturally want tfollow.

你將釋放自己的潛力，你的滿腔熱忱、靈感與歡樂，會讓你成爲一名散發着魅力的領導者，人們自然而然會追隨你。

You will stop looking at people as ‘objects’ or ‘things’ tuse and start seeing them as spiritual beings, just like yourself, with all the usual strengths and weaknesses, on a life-long journey of learning.

在終身學習的旅途上，你不會再將他人視爲“物體”或“工具”來對待，而會逐漸意識到他們和你一樣，都是有靈魂的人，也有着常人所有的優點和不足。

You will discover that others, with their strengths and weaknesses act as mirrors for ourselves: when you are attracted ta trait you see in others it means you have that in yourself; when you find yourself focused on some other person’s faults…it means you have that in yourself.

你會發現，他人的優點和不足將會成爲自身的一面鏡子：當你被他人的某個優點吸引時，這說明你自身也具有同樣的優點；當你只注意到他人身上的不足時，也意味着你有同樣的缺點。

You will start experiencing others differently, focusing on their good points instead of their mistakes.

你將開始以全新的方式與他人相處，更多地看到他人的優點而非缺點。

Over time, you will develop true wisdom and insight and enjoy sharing it, not keeping it locked inside you.

隨着時間的推移，你將開發出真正的智慧和洞察力，懂得與人分享，而不是封閉自己。

You will attract other self-aware people and find yourself on an upward spiral as a leader for others.

你會吸引其他具有自我意識的人，還會發現自己的領導能力將進入螺旋式的上升週期。

Now, looking at the above list…how many great leaders dyou know that lack this way of experiencing themselves and other people? I don’t mean ‘dominators’ that just use power tget their way. Those are not true leaders at all. I’m talking about people whare influential, trusted and appreciated by those that follow them.

現在，看看上面的清單……有多少偉大的領導者缺少這樣認識自我、感受他人的經歷呢？我所指的不是那些用權力得到一切的“統治者”。這些不是真正的領導者。我所說的是那些具有影響力，深受追隨者信賴和欣賞的領導者。

I promise you that if you start on the path of Self-Awareness your life is going tchange in many positive ways. A self-aware leader is the only one whcan truly lead. And now I want tleave you with a few quotes tstimulate your thinking:

我能承諾的是，如果你走上自我意識之路，你的人生將會發生很多積極的變化。一個有自我意識的領導者才能真正領導他人。現在我要用幾句名言激發你的思考：

“We are not human beings trying tbecome spiritual. We are spiritual beings, learning how tbe human.” Teilhard de Chardin

“我們並非試圖擁有靈魂的人類。相反，我們是具有靈性而試圖成長爲人的存在。”——德日進神父

“Know yourself and know others and in one hundred battles you will be victorious one hundred times.” Sun Dz

“知己知彼，百戰不殆”——孫子

“The best time tplant a tree is 20 years ago. The second-best time tplant a tree is right now.” Confucius

“種一棵樹最好的時間是20年前，再就是當下”——古諺語