時尚雙語:壓力情境
It seems that despite the advances humans have made in practically every field and interest, stress and stressful situations can never be completely eliminated. If anything, the faster phase by which humans lead their lives these days only exacerbate the stress.
There are two types of stress. The short-term or acute stress brought about by immediate stressors or factors or the chronic or long-term stress resulting from on-going stressors. The gravity by which a stressor can affect a person all depends on the person’s capacity to deal with stress. Some factors may easily stress out one person and not affect another.
External stressors such as the environment may also bring about stress. Internal factors such as intense worry may also affect a person. Some stressful stressors include: hunger, extreme weather conditions, noise, crowding, isolation and hunger. Chronic stress may be the result of long-term abusive relationships, a high-pressure career, financialworries and even high expectations.
Financial worry is one of the most common causes for stress. Financial obligations often cause strain in both the personal and professional life of a person. When a person cannot make ends meet, he often becomes dissatisfied with his life and the kind of work he does. Stressful romantic relationships are also common. Sometimes, relationships do not even have to be abusive to be stressful, just meeting a partner’s expectations can cause stress. Being let down causes stress. Even the most well behaved children can occasionally cause strain in the relationships of couples. The divorce of parents may affect children negatively. Sometimes something as tragic as an accident or a loved one’s death can cause immediate and long-term stress. Both women and men may struggle with body image, which can cause them to stress.
For acute stress, just avoiding the environment or situation can ease the stress. Being in a crowded, noisy place for example can cause one’s blood pressure to slightly increase. But the answer to this problem is simple- avoid noisy and cramped places. For chronic stress such as a highly pressurized work environment, it may not be easy to just quit or walk away. These types of stress need to be dealt with and there are a number of ways to limit the stress or to lower the stress level.
For some just taking a break from the stress can make a great difference. This means taking a short break at work to eat or read. Sometimes a person needs to take a 2-day leave or even a month long vacation to de-stress. Other ways to deal with stress include listening to relaxing music, talking to friends or just watching a feel-good movie. Training one’s self to accept disappointments, increase the self-esteem and develop a positive outlook in life is also a big help in conquering stressful situations. One of the best ways still to limit the stress in one’s life is by leading a healthy lifestyle and exercising regularly. Exercise is known to release endorphins in the body that in turn reduces anxiety and depression.
似乎不論是處在任何領域或行業中的先進者們,都不能完全擺脫各種壓力和緊張的境遇.而這種壓力在人們的生活中也與日俱增.
壓力分爲兩種類型.短期或急性的壓力來自於直接的刺激或因素,而持久或慢性壓力則來自於持續進行中的緊張和刺激.刺激的嚴重性可使得一個人耗費所有精力去解除這些壓力.而一些因素導致的壓力有時也可在不防礙其他人的情況下把一個人擊垮.
一些外部的刺激如環境等因素可以令人產生壓力.而例如過度的憂慮等內在因素也可以影響到人們.一些可以令人產生緊迫感的刺激包括:飢餓,極端惡劣的氣候, 噪音,擁擠現象,孤立和慾望等.慢性壓力則可能源於長期的複雜關係,一種高壓職業,財政恐慌,甚至是他人強烈的期望.
財政恐慌是導致壓力最普遍的原因之一.財政危機可使得一個人產生個人生活和工作上的雙重壓力.如果一個人不能做到收支相抵,他就會對自己的生活和所做的工作感到不滿.令人產生壓力的複雜關係也普遍存在.這種關係會使人產生緊迫感,有時僅僅是爲了達到夥伴所期望的結果變可產生壓力.而失望也可導致壓力的產生.甚至一直表現良好的孩子也會由於父母的關係而產生過度疲勞和緊張.父母的離異會對孩子產生消極影響.有時一些悲劇的發生,如意外事故或愛人的死亡會引起直接的長期壓力.另外,男女之間爲了極力保持和提升自己的個人形象,也會使他們產生壓力.
對於急性壓力,僅以改變環境或局勢便可逐漸減輕壓力的程度.例如,處於擁擠和吵雜的場所會使人的血壓升高.然而解決這個問題其實很簡單--那就是儘量避免去吵雜和狹窄的地方.而對於長期處在高壓工作環境造成的慢性壓力,最簡單的方法就是離開職位或外出散心.這幾種類型的壓力待於解決,而且有許多方法可以限制這些壓力或減輕壓力的程度.
然而,要想真正擺脫這些壓力卻有很大差別.這就意味着要暫時離開工作而去吃東西或進行閱讀和學習.有時一個人需要離開兩天甚至是一個月之久去解除壓力.還有其它解除壓力的方法包括聽輕鬆的音樂,與朋友們交談或看一部令人愉快的電影.而訓練自己承擔失望的勇氣,提升自信心以及積極地展望生活前景也對戰勝窘迫的困境有極大幫助.減輕壓力的最行之有效的方法就是採取健康的生活方式並且持之以恆.衆所周知,運動就是排解體內有害物質從而緩解憂慮和沮喪最好的方式.
