6月份,美國有自殺傾向的成年人同比增加一倍

In a recent panel survey of more than 5,400 people, nearly 11% of United States adults reported seriously contemplating suicide in June. That is nearly double the percentage who did so last summer, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated.

美國疾病控制與預防中心指出，最近一次涵蓋了逾5400人的樣本調查發現，近11%的美國成年人報告稱在六月份認真考慮過自殺，相比去年夏天幾乎翻了一番。

According to a report released Thursday, the CDC asked 5,412 participants in a survey if they seriously considered suicide in the 30 days preceding the survey performed the last week of June. The findings revealed that 10.7% of Americans reported contemplating suicide compared to 4.3% who reported the same thing throughout 2018. The study also found that 40% of Americans reported some form of mental health issue or substance abuse related to the coronavirus pandemic.

根據8月13日發佈的一份報告，美國疾病控制與預防中心在六月份的最後一週開展的調查中詢問5412名參與者在調查前的30天內是否認真考慮過自殺。結果發現有10.7%的美國人報告稱考慮過自殺，相比之下，2018全年有4.3%的人考慮過自殺。研究還發現，40%的美國人報告稱受疫情影響自己出現了某種心理健康或藥物濫用問題。

The percentages were far higher in certain groups, including essential workers and ethnic and racial minorities. The study found that the groups with the highest rates of suicide ideation were unpaid caregivers for adults, citing 30% who contemplated it in June. The other group highly affected was the 18- to 24 age group with 25% reporting having those thoughts.

在某些人羣中這一比例要高得多，包括必須在崗的勞動人員和少數族裔人口。研究發現，自殺意念率最高的是沒有報酬的成年人護工，有30%曾在六月考慮過自殺。自殺傾向高的另一個人羣是18歲到24歲的年輕人，有25%報告稱考慮過自殺。

Ethnic and racial minority groups were found to be disproportionately affected as well. The report said 15.1% of Black and 18.6% of Hispanic Americans reported seriously thinking about suicide in June.

調查發現，少數族裔人羣的自殺傾向也偏高。報告稱，15.1%的黑人和18.6%的西班牙裔美國人報告稱在六月份認真考慮過自殺。

Besides an increase in suicide ideation, the study found that there was also an increase in symptoms of depression and anxiety. The rate of depression symptoms quadrupled in number and anxiety tripled compared to the second quarter of 2019.

除了自殺意念上升外，研究還發現，抑鬱和焦慮的症狀也增加了。出現抑鬱症狀的人數相比2019年第二季度翻了兩番，出現焦慮症狀的人數則增至三倍。

About 13% of those surveyed said they increased or started using substances to cope with stress during June.

約13%的受訪者稱，他們在六月份開始使用藥物來應對壓力或增加了藥量。

The authors of the report stated factors need to be investigated such as social isolation, unemployment and financial concerns, lack of school structure, and forms of violence, to see how they serve as additional stressors. The report pointed out that the increased percentages of these mental and behavioral health effects highlights the impact this pandemic has on the population. The study authors stated the report also helped with "identification of populations at increased risk for psychological distress and unhealthy coping." It suggested expanded use of telehealth to provide services to those in need.

這份報告的作者指出還需要調查一些作爲附加壓力來源的因素是如何發揮作用的，比如社交隔離、失業和經濟困難、學校常規教學模式缺失以及不同形式的暴力。報告指出，心理和行爲健康問題的比例增加凸顯了疫情對人們的影響。作者們指出，這份報告還有助於“識別心理壓力和不健康應對方式風險增加的人羣”。研究建議擴大遠程醫療的應用，爲那些需要的人提供服務。