哽咽報道有預案?劉翔捲入陰謀論旋渦
What do convicted murderer Gu Kailai, serial killer Zhou Kehua and Chinese hurdler Liu Xiang have in common?
被判謀殺罪名成立的谷開來、連環殺手周克華和中國跨欄運動員劉翔之間有什麼共同之處？As of Wednesday, all three stand at the center of viral, conspiracy-driven controversies that say unflattering things about the credibility of China's state-run media.
截至週三，這三人全都處在廣泛傳播的陰謀論引發的爭議旋渦之中。這些爭議令中國官方媒體的公信力問題得以凸顯。Liu is the latest to top the country's conspiracy charts, thanks to a revelation at an Olympics reporting forum in Beijing from China Central Television sports anchor Yang Jian.
由於中國中央電視臺(CCTV)體育解說員楊健在北京一個奧運報道論壇上的報料，劉翔成爲最新一位站上中國陰謀論風口浪尖的人物。
Mr. Yang gained renown in China for struggling to hold back tears after an injured Liu failed to clear even a single hurdle in crashing out of his preliminary heat in the 110-meter hurdles during the London Olympics earlier this month. 'Liu Xiang was like a warrior,' the anchor said, sniffling audibly. 'Even knowing he'd never make it to the end, he still flew.'
本月早些時候的倫敦奧運會110米欄項目預賽中，受傷病困擾的劉翔連一個欄也沒有跨過。在那之後，楊健因其含淚解說而聞名中國。他用聽得見抽泣的聲音說：劉翔就是個戰士，在明知道不可能跑到終點的時候，他飛了起來。Outrage erupted online after local media, reporting on Wednesday's forum, quoted Mr. Yang telling the audience he'd prepared his report ahead of time after being informed that Liu had a serious problem with his foot.
國內媒體在報道週三論壇的時候引用了楊健告訴聽衆的一些話，之後網上衆怒爆發。楊健說，他賽前得知劉翔腳上傷勢嚴重，於是提前做好了解說準備。'I heard about Liu's injury before the game from my personal sources,' Mr. Yang said, according to an audio recording of the forum posted online. 'My superior asked me to praise this heroic athlete, regardless of the result of the race, which I totally agreed with.'
據網上一份錄音，楊健說，預賽前，我們得知劉翔的傷勢情況不太好，向領導請示，得到的指示是，一定要對這樣中國英雄式的運動員給予讚美，無論比賽什麼樣，不能完全以成績來論，這跟我的想法完全一致。The state-run Southern Daily reported that Mr. Yang had prepared four different responses based on the possible outcomes of the race, including the emotional tribute he ended up delivering.
官方媒體《南方日報》報道說，楊健根據可能的比賽結果準備了四種不同的解說預案，其中之一就是他最後的動情讚美。'Liu Xiang Knew, CCTV Knew, the Leaders Knew Only the Masses Waited Stupidly for a Miracle to Happen,' blared the top headline on the front page of the Thursday edition of the Oriental Guardian, a commercial tabloid based in Nanjing.
南京的報紙《東方衛報》(Oriental Guardian)週四頭版頭條標題說：劉翔知道、央視知道、領導知道──只有觀衆在傻等見證奇蹟的時刻。With the help of that and other sensational headlines, the news exploded on social media sites, generating 38 million posts on Sina Corp.'s Weibo microblogging service by Thursday afternoon-many of them angry missives that accused CCTV of deliberately trying to hoodwink viewers.
受助於《東方衛報》等媒體聳人聽聞的標題，這條消息在社交媒體上炸開了鍋，到週四下午，新浪微博相關信息達到3,800萬條，其中很多都指責央視故意矇騙觀衆。'What else is going on without informing us?' asked one commentator.
一位用戶評論說：又有多少事情不爲我們所知呢？Of more than 19,000 respondents who had participated in an unscientific online poll conducted on Sina Weibo by Thursday night, 76% said they felt cheated after hearing the news.
新浪微博發起了一項非科學網絡調查，截至週四夜間有19,000多人迴應，其中76%的人表示他們聽到這一消息後感覺受騙。Calls to multiple phones at the offices of CCTV's sports channel rang unanswered Thursday.
記者週四多次撥打央視體育頻道的電話，均無人接聽。Sha Tong, a senior CCTV sports anchor who was reported to have helped direct the Olympics coverage, declined to discuss the matter. ''I don't want to comment on this,' he said. 'There's too much misreading out there.'
據報道曾參與指導這次奧運報道的央視資深體育解說員沙桐拒絕討論此事。他說，我不想評論，誤讀太多了。What CCTV did is not particularly unusual. Television stations, newspapers and other news media around the globe will routinely prepare multiple versions of a report about an unpredictable event an elections, say, or a court decision so as to be able to get the news out quickly regardless of the result.
央視的所作所爲並非特別罕見。全世界電視臺、報紙等新聞單位經常爲一件不可預料的事件（如選舉結果或法庭判決結果）準備多份報道預案，這樣不論結果如何都能迅速將消息傳播出去。Nor was it a secret that Liu was dealing with injuries at the time: He had pulled out of his final pre-Olympic race in July because of problems with his back and a day before his race the state-run Xinhua news agency had quoted Liu's coach mentioning a foot injury.
劉翔的傷勢在當時也不是祕密。7月份他就因爲背部的問題退出了奧運之前的最後一場比賽，而且在奧運預賽之前一天，劉翔的教練在新華社的報道中提到了他的腳傷。So why so much outrage?
公衆爲何如此憤怒？Some clue might be found in two other currently broiling controversies: one surrounding Gu Kailai, the wife of fallen Communist Party star Bo Xilai, and other concerning Zhou Kehua, a serial killer recently gunned down in Chongqing.
或許可以從另外兩起目前討論得熱火朝天的爭議中找到線索。一起爭議涉及已經倒臺的中共政治明星薄熙來的妻子谷開來，另一起涉及最近在重慶被擊斃的連環殺手周克華。In the case of Gu Kailai, who was recently convicted of the murder of a British businessman, conspiracy theorists have insisted (based on a comparison of video stills and earlier photos) that the woman who appeared in court for the trial and sentencing was not Ms. Gu at all, but rather a body double. In Zhou's case, skeptics have cast doubt on whether Chongqing police actually shot him, with some saying they shot an undercover copy from out of town and others insisting Mr. Zhou shot himself.
關於前不久被判故意殺害一名英國商人罪名成立的谷開來，陰謀論者將視頻截圖與早前照片比較，堅持認爲那位出庭受審並接受判決的女子根本就不是谷開來，而是一名替身。關於周克華，他們懷疑重慶警方有沒有真的將其擊斃，一些人說被擊斃的是一名來自外地的臥底，另一些人堅稱周克華是舉槍自殺身亡的。In both cases, the doubts appeared to be fed less by concrete evidence and more by an underlying mistrust of China's state media a theme touched on by a message posted to Sina Weibo on Thursday by writer Zhang Yihe.
在這兩個案例中導致人們懷疑的，與其說是切實可信的證據，倒不如說是民衆對官方媒體根深蒂固的不信任。作家章詒和週四在新浪微博發佈的一條信息談到了這個問題。'Was Liu Xiang's appearance at the Olympics all just a performance? …Was that really Gu Kailai in the courtroom? Was it really Zhou Kehua who was shot to death? And on and on,' read the post, which was deleted by censors but recovered by researchers at Hong Kong University. 'This makes one think of the ancient story of the boy who cried wolf…China's propaganda machine has cranked out lies for 60 years. Now it has come to the point that anything they say is met with doubt.'
這條被審查者刪除、但被香港大學(Hong Kong University)研究人員挖掘出來的微博是這樣的：“一位朋友寫道：劉翔的奧運表現是在做戲嗎？葉詩文到底有沒有服藥？法庭上的谷開來是本人嗎？被打死的是周克華嗎？等等。這不禁讓人聯想起一則古老故事──狼來了！孩子只說了一次謊，就沒有人相信，最後喂身於狼。中國宣傳機器命大福大，說了六十多年的謊，現在終於到了每說一句話，都被人懷疑的階段了。”
