日本擬研製新型岸艦導彈
Japan is planning to develop a new tactical ballistic missile that would challenge Chinese military strategy around disputed islands in the East China Sea.
日本計劃開發一種新的戰術彈道導彈，該型導彈將挑戰中國圍繞東中國海有爭議島嶼的軍事戰略。
Plans for the surface-to-ship weapon, which would be the longest-range missile ever built by Japan, have emerged after months of rancour between Tokyo and Beijing over rival territorial claims.
這種岸艦導彈將是日本迄今製造的射程最遠的導彈，其開發計劃出爐之前，東京和北京之間圍繞相互對立的領土主張爆發了持續多月的爭吵。
As tensions have persisted, Japan revealed last month that it had scrambled fighter jets a record 199 times in the second quarter as Chinese military activities intensified around Japan’s territorial waters and drew closer to the Senkakus — a chain of uninhabited islets known as the Diaoyu in China.
隨着緊張局勢持續發酵，日本上月透露，其航空自衛隊戰鬥機在第二季度緊急出動199次，數量之多創下紀錄，原因是中國加強在日本領海周邊的軍事活動，並且逼近尖閣諸島(Senkakus)，這是東中國海一個無人居住的島鏈，中國稱其爲釣魚島及其附屬島嶼。
The new missile, say military experts familiar with the plans, is designed to “complicate enemy planning”. By positioning the weapons on Japanese islands in the East China Sea, their range, stretching to the edge of Japan’s territorial claims, would discourage naval aggression. If an attacking force were planning a landing on a Japanese island, its commander would need to destroy the missiles beforehand — in effect initiating conflict.
熟悉相關計劃的軍事專家們表示，這種新型導彈旨在“讓敵人的規劃變得複雜”。把該型導彈部署在東中國海的日本島嶼上，其射程範圍將覆蓋日本領土主張的邊緣，從而起到嚇阻海上侵略行爲的作用。如果進攻部隊計劃登陸日本的某個島嶼，它的指揮官將需要先摧毀這些導彈——實際上發起衝突。
Japan’s move to build the missiles comes as it strengthens its capability to develop military equipment after prime minister Shinzo Abe ended the country’s self-imposed ban on the export of weapons in 2014. The programme is part of a wider effort to reduce spending on foreign-made weaponry if a domestic alternative can be produced.
決定研製這種導彈之際，日本正在加強其開發軍事裝備的實力，此前日本首相安倍晉三(Shinzo Abe)在2014年解除了日本自我強加的武器出口禁令。導彈計劃是日本整體努力的一部分，目的是在有能力國產的情況下減少武器進口支出。
The vehicle-mounted, GPS-guided system is likely to be deployed to locations such as the southern island of Miyako in Okinawa, according to people familiar with the plan.
知情人士稱，這種GPS制導的車載導彈系統很可能被部署到日本南方島嶼，如沖繩的宮古島(Miyako)。
With a range of about 300km, the system will be able to cover the waters around the Senkakus. Experts say the current Type-12 surface-to-ship missiles, which Japan procured in 2012, have a range of roughly 200km.
射程約300公里的該型導彈系統，將能夠覆蓋尖閣諸島周圍海域。專家們介紹說，目前服役的12式陸基反艦導彈（日本在2012年採購）射程大致爲200公里。
The defence ministry said it was studying ways to enhance its existing surface-to-ship missile capability to deter invasion of Japan’s remote islands. But it declined to comment on details. The Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper said the new missiles were expected to be deployed around 2023.
防衛省表示，正在研究如何增強現有的陸基反艦導彈，以嚇阻對日本偏遠島嶼的入侵。但該部門拒絕對細節置評。《讀賣新聞》(Yomiuri Shimbun)報道稱，預計新型導彈將在2023年前後部署。
Industry watchers say the move to develop a new missile is no surprise given that the ministry’s 2013 defence guidelines called for Japan’s military to strengthen its ability to deal with attacks on islands.
行業觀察人士說，開發新型導彈之舉並不令人意外，因爲防衛省2013年公佈的防衛指針文件就呼籲自衛隊加強其應對島嶼受到攻擊的能力。
The ministry is expected to seek funding for development of the new missile in its initial budget requests for the 2017-18 fiscal year, to be submitted later this month.
預計防衛省將在本月稍後提交的2017-18財年初步預算請求中，爲研製新型導彈申請資金。
Governments in the Asia-Pacific region are closely scrutinising Japan’s military posture following this month’s appointment of Tomomi Inada as the country’s defence minister. The outspoken nationalist, who yesterday returned from a visit to a Japanese military base in Djibouti, has previously expressed a hardline position on Japan’s territorial rights in the East China Sea.
本月稻田朋美(Tomomi Inada)被任命爲日本防衛大臣後，亞太各國政府正在密切關注日本的軍事姿態。稻田朋美是一名直言不諱的民族主義者，昨日在視察日本在吉布提的軍事基地後回國，她曾對日本在東中國海的領土權利表達強硬立場。
