亞投行和亞開行合作推進貸款項目
The Asian Development Bank is to work with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank on a loan project as the pair seek to counter perceptions they are rivals, according to the ADB’s chief.
亞洲開發銀行（ADB，中文簡稱“亞開行”）負責人表示，該行將與亞洲基礎設施投資銀行（AIIB，中文簡稱“亞投行”）合作推進一個貸款項目。這兩家開發銀行正尋求打消有關它們是對手的看法。
The China-led AIIB is also consulting the ADB, which is dominated by Japan and the US, on procedures to ensure loan projects include labour, environmental and anti-corruption safeguards, said Takehiko Nakao, ADB president, yesterday in an interview.
亞開行行長中尾武彥(Takehiko Nakao)昨日在接受採訪時還表示，中國主導的亞投行也在向日本和美國主導的亞開行徵詢，以求制定相關程序，確保貸款項目包括勞工、環境和反腐敗方面的保障措施。
“People want to depict ADB and AIIB as rivals and [AIIB president] Mr Jin [Liqun] and I as rivals. But actually we are friends, and ADB and AIIB can be partners,” said Mr Nakao.
“人們希望把亞開行和亞投行描繪成對手，把（亞投行行長）金立羣和我描繪成對手。但實際上我們是朋友，而亞開行和亞投行可以成爲合作伙伴，”中尾武彥表示。
“We’re already identifying projects for the first batch of AIIB loans. One of them should be co-financing between AIIB and ADB.”
“我們已經在爲亞投行的首批貸款物色項目。其中一個項目應該是亞投行和亞開行之間的合作融資。”
China launched the AIIB last year, with 57 countries joining as founding members, despite US objections. The bank was an effort to increase China’s influence in multilateral institutions after years of grumbling that the International Monetary Fund, World Bank and ADB were dominated by developed economies, analysts said.
中國在去年成立亞投行，57個國家加盟爲創始成員，儘管美國反對。分析人士稱，中國的目的是增加其在多邊機構中的影響力，此前多年裏，中國抱怨國際貨幣基金組織(IMF)、世界銀行(World Bank)和亞開行均由發達經濟體主導。
Japan has held the presidency of the ADB since the bank was founded in 1966, while informal agreements have meant that US and European nationals lead, respectively, the World Bank and IMF.
自亞開行1966年成立以來，其行長一直由日本方面提名，而非正式協議意味着美歐人士分別執掌世行和IMF。
Some officials have expressed concern that the AIIB will lack transparency and adhere to lower standards for labour and environmental protection. But Mr Nakao said that he and Mr Jin had discussed the need for safeguards.
一些官員表示擔心，亞投行將缺乏透明度，在勞工和環保方面降低標準。但中尾武彥稱，他和金立羣討論了保障措施的必要性。
“We agreed that social and environmental protection considerations are important, safeguard processes are important. We have been supporting the AIIB to produce these policies and guidelines,” he said.
“我們一致認爲，社會和環保考慮是重要的，保障流程是重要的。我們一直在支持亞投行擬定這些政策和指引，”他說。
Mr Nakao has been a staunch advocate of engagement with China, despite some critics saying that as a middle-income country, China no longer needs support from development banks.
中尾武彥一貫堅定主張同中國接觸，儘管有一些批評者稱，作爲一箇中等收入國家，中國不再需要開發銀行的支持。
The ADB approved a total of $1.7bn to Chinese local and central government in 2015 and an additional $700m to companies, of $27bn in total loan approvals. ADB’s focus in China is on projects related to climate change and the environment.
亞開行在2015年批准向中國地方和中央政府發放共計17億美元貸款，向中國企業發放另外7億美元貸款；該行批准的貸款總額爲270億美元。亞開行在中國的重點是那些與氣候變化和環境相關的項目。
The ADB has issued renminbi bonds both in China and offshore to support its lending to the country, although Mr Nakao said there were no plans to make renminbi loans to other borrowers. The AIIB also said in January that it would lend in US dollars.
亞開行發行了在岸和離岸人民幣債券，以支持其向中國的放貸，儘管中尾武彥表示，沒有計劃向其他借款人發放人民幣貸款。亞投行也在1月表示，它將以美元放貸。
Last year the ADB approved a $300m anti-pollution loan to the government of Hebei, China’s most polluted province. Critics said the so-called budget support loan was a fiscal subsidy to Hebei to help plug a gap in its operating budget. However, Mr Nakao said the loan was an opportunity to deploy ADB expertise to influence policy.
去年，亞開行批准向中國污染最嚴重的省份——河北省的省政府發放一筆3億美元的抗污染貸款。批評者說，所謂的預算支持貸款實際上是向河北省提供的財政補貼，幫助填補其運作預算的缺口。然而，中尾武彥表示，那筆貸款是亞開行傳授專業知識、影響政策的機會。
“We’re doing this to have a stronger process upstream instead of just individual projects. We are discussing how this money is used. It’s not just a checking account.”
“我們這樣做是爲了在上游確立更強大的過程，而不只是爲了個別項目。我們正在討論這筆錢被如何使用。它不只是一個支票賬戶。”
