驚豔!四大發明中的活字印刷仍在溫州傳承!
The ancient Chinese invention of wooden movable-type printing is marching forward inthe village of Dongyuan, Wenzhou.
在溫州東源村，古老的中國發明木製活字印刷得以存續及發展。One-centimeter wooden cubes are arrayed in a jet-black rectangular frame. A reversed Chinese character is sculpted on each cube.
一釐米的木製小方塊被整齊排列放到一個烏黑的矩形框架中。一個個方向顛倒的漢字被雕刻在每個小方塊上。Repeatedly smeared with ink for many years, these pale yellow matrices have been dyed nearly dark enough to match the ink itself.
刻有漢字的小方塊可以被重複的染墨很多年，這些淺黃色的矩陣已幾乎被染至黑色，足以與墨色相媲美。
Once the matrices are inked, a high-quality Chinese art paper is placed on top of them.
一旦這些字塊被染色，就會將高質量的美術紙覆於其上。The paper is then brushed and smoothed until the ink marks appear. Once the paper is removed, the page is printed with vertical, traditional Chinese characters. Assembling and binding such pages together produces a book.
之後，用刷子在紙上來回刷動以使紙張平滑，直到沾有墨水的小方塊清晰的印出漢字。一旦拿起此張紙，紙張就會出現方向正確的印刷漢字。之後，將印刷好的紙張整合並裝訂成書。
Wang Chaohui, 60, inherited the traditional trade from his grandfather. In Dongyuan, there are around 20 technicians like Wang.
60歲的王朝暉是從其祖父處繼承的印刷技術。在東源村，與王先生從事相同職業的技術人員約有20個。Thanks to the strong culture and large demand for genealogy records, this technique has been successfully handed down from one generation to the next.
多虧了強有力的文化和對家譜的大量需求，此項技術得以世代傳承了下來。According to historical data, southern Zhejiang and northern Fujian provinces used to be migrating societies.
根據歷史記載，浙江省南部和福建省北部曾經是接收移民城市。Living a vagrant lifestyle and traveling in groups, people in the region easily formed a strong sense of clan. Genealogy, therefore, is an important concept in Wenzhou.
因此，此地人民的生活方式居無定所並喜羣體旅遊，此地區的人容易形成對宗族的強烈認同感。因此，家譜在溫州是重要的概念。Over the past decades, Wang has sculpted over 10,000 wooden movable-type cubes every year. He has also used nearly 100 engraving knives and over 7,000 sheets of art paper.
過去的數十年間，王先生每年都雕刻超過10,000個木製活字印刷字塊。他也曾經使用過大約100把刻刀和7,000多張紙。Wang explained that geneaology records generally consist of four or five volumes. They are revised and updated every 20 to 30 years, or as frequently as every 10 years in some areas.
王先生抱怨道家譜通常都包含4卷至5卷內容。每20年到30年，都需對這些族譜進行修訂和更新，一些地方更是每10年就對某些方面的內容進行修訂和更新。In terms of cost and operating efficiency, wooden movable-type printing is the best choice for these records.
考慮成本和經營的有效性，木製活字印刷是製作這些記錄的最好選擇。The only person who could “inherit” the technique from Wang is his 32-year-old son, Wang Jianxin.
唯一可以繼承此項技藝的是王先生的32歲的兒子王建新。However, so far, Wang Jianxin has not demonstrated any special skill at the core technique of sculpting.
然而，截至目前，王建新對於雕刻的核心技術都沒有展現出任何特殊天賦。Of the 20 technicians in Dongyuan who are able to work on genealogy revision, not a single one is below 50 years of age.
並且，在東源鎮的這20位技術人員中，可以進行家譜修訂的人沒有一個年齡小於50歲。
