中英雙語話中國歷史名人 第82期:張鈺哲

Zhang Yuzhe (1902~1986 ) was a Chinese astronomer. He was bom in Minhou, in Fujian Province.

張鈺哲(1902~1986)，天文學家，福建閩侯人。

In 1919 he entered Tsinghua University and graduated in 1923.

1919年張鈕哲考入清華大學，1923年畢業。

That same year he went to the United States and in 1925 entered the University of Chicago and got his Ph. D. in 1929. That same year he returned to China and took up a teaching post at National Central University.

同年，張鈺哲去了美國。1925年張鈺哲進人芝加哥大學，1929年獲博士學位，同年回國到中央大學任教。

While studying in Chicago, in 1928 he discovered an asteroid, which was given the provisional designation 1928 UF and later the number 1125.

1928年張鈺哲在芝加哥學習時發現了一顆新星，臨時將其命名爲1928 UF，後來編號爲1125。

He named it "China" or“中華”(Zhonghua).

後來他將其命名爲“中華號”( Zhonghua/China )。

However, this asteroid was "lost", that is, it was not observed beyond its initial appearance and a precise orbit could not be calculated.

然而後來這顆小行星“丟了”，也就是說它露了一次面後再也看不到了，它的精確軌道也算不出來。

In 1957, the Purple Mountain Observatory in China discovered a new asteroid, and with his agreement the new object 1957 UN1 was re-assigned the official designation 1125 China in place of the lost 1928 UF.

1957年紫金山天文臺發現了一顆新星，經由張鈺哲同意這顆編號爲1957 UN1的新星取代了找不到的1928 UF被命名爲1125“中華號”。

However, in 1986, the newly discovered object 1986 QK1 was confirmed to be a rediscovery of the original 1928 UF, and this object was named 3789 Zhongguo.

但是1986年又發現了一顆新星，編號爲1986 QK1，這顆新星經過確認就是丟了的1928 UF，於是這顆新星被命名爲3789“中國號”。

From 1941 to 1950 he was head of the astronomy research institute at National Central University.

1941年至1950年張鈕哲擔任中央研究院天文研究所所長。

From 1946 to 1948 he once again went to the United States to study variable stars.

1946年至1948年張鈺哲去美國做訪問學者，研究變星。

From 1950 to 1984 he was director of Purple Mountain Observatory, and from 1955 on he was a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

1950年至1984年張鈺哲任紫金山天文臺臺長。1955年，張鈺哲任中國科學院院士。

He devoted himself to observing and calculating the orbits of minor planets and comets.

張鈺哲致力於觀察和計算小行星和彗星的軌道。

Many asteroids were discovered at Purple Mountain Observatory, as well as three new comets: two periodic，60P/Tsuchinshan(Tsuchinshan 2) and 62P/Tsuchinshan(Tsuchinshan 1), and one not, C/1977 V1. The name "Tsuchinshan" is an obsolete transliteration corresponding to the modem pinyin "ZijinShan", which is Mandarin Chinese for "Purple Mountain".

紫金山天文臺發現了許多小行星和三顆新彗星:兩顆週期性的，60P/ Tsuchinshan(紫金山二號彗星)和62P/ Tsuchinshan(紫金山一號彗星)和一個非週期性的C/1977 V1。

He studied the light curves of asteroids and thus their rotation, and also studied the variable star CZ Cassiopeiae, and the evolution of the orbit of Comet Halley.

張鈺哲研究小行星的光變曲線和旋轉、CZ仙后座變星以及哈雷彗星軌道的變化。

Zhang Yuzhe is credited by the Minor Planet Center for the discovery of 3789 Zhongguo under the name "Y. C. Chang". The asteroid 2051 Chang is named after him.

國際小行星中心將3789“中國號”小行星的發現歸功於張鈺哲，將2051號小行星命名爲“張鈺哲星”。