中英雙語話史記 第99期:南宋

Song Dynasty

宋朝

Southern Song Dynasty

南宋

The military weakness of the Northern Song (960—1127) eventually took its toll.

北宋時期（960——1127）軍隊的軟弱最終使其自食惡果。

In 1127, the Jin army sacked the Northern Song capital of Kaifeng, taking Emperor Huizong and most of his family hostage.

1127年，金國軍隊洗掠了北宋都城開封，徽宗和他的大部分家人成了人質。

Huizong’ ninth son, Zhaogou, fled to the south.

徽宗的九兒子趙構逃亡了南方。

That same year, the Song court re-established itself in Lin’an (present Hangzhou City), where it continued to rule for another 150 years as the Southern Song Dynasty.

同年，宋朝在臨安（今杭州）重建南宋政府，進行了150年的統治。

Zhaogou is known historically as Emperor Gaozong.

趙構歷史上被稱爲“宋高宗”。

The period of the Southern Song is neither a period of power nor stability and the dynasty only controlled the area south of the Yangtze River.

南宋時期國家既不強大也不穩定，這個朝代也僅僅控制了長江南部的地區。

When the dynasty was newly established, instead of appointing competent people to carry out reforms and devise effective defensive strategies, Emperor Gaozong did the opposite.

南宋剛建成時，宋高宗不僅沒有任用有賢能的人實施改革並設計有效的防禦措施反而做了背道而馳的事情。

By blocking the efforts of his talented Prime Minister Ligang he reversed the dominant military strategy from one of active resistance to passive defence.

通過阻撓有才能的宰相李綱，高宗將主要的軍事策略從主動防禦轉變成了被動防守。

In addition, talented people were supplanted and less able and often incapable ones were appointed to very important positions.

不僅如此，有才智的人們遭到了排擠，而無能的人卻被任命了重要的官職。