特朗普以公谋私的潜在风险
On November 3, the US agency charged with safeguarding workers’ rights ruled that the Trump International Hotel in Las Vegas had violated federal law by refusing to hold contract talks with a union representing housekeepers and other staff.
11月3日，美国负责维护劳动者权利的机构裁定，位于拉斯维加斯的特朗普国际酒店(Trump International Hotel)拒绝与代表保洁员及其他员工的工会举行合同谈判的行为，违反了联邦法律。
Five days later, the lodging’s co-owner — Donald Trump — was elected president of the US, putting him in a position to appoint a Republican majority at the regulator, the National Labor Relations Board, that could overturn the decision.
5天后，该酒店的共同所有人——唐纳德.特朗普(Donald Trump)——当选美国总统，使他可以任命一个共和党人占多数的国家劳资关系委员会(National Labor Relations Board)，该委员会可能会推翻之前的裁定。
The possibility points to one of the central ethical dilemmas facing a Trump administration.
这种可能性直指特朗普政府面临的核心伦理困境之一。
There has never been a president-elect with more potential conflicts between his financial interests and his official duties.
从没有哪位当选总统面对的个人经济利益与公职责任之间的潜在冲突，比特朗普更多。
But with his inauguration set for January 20, Mr Trump has yet to present a formal proposal to insulate himself from criticism that he is putting aside the general welfare in favour of his own.
但是就职典礼即将于1月20日举行，特朗普却尚未提出正式方案来反驳指责他将个人利益置于大众福祉之上的批评。
During the campaign, Mr Trump suggested he might transfer his holdings into a blind trust — in the manner of many of his predecessors — managed by his oldest children, Donald Jr, Ivanka and Eric.
在竞选期间，特朗普曾暗示他可能会效仿之前许多位当选总统，把资产转入保密信托，由他三个最年长的孩子小唐纳德(Donald Jr)、伊万卡(Ivanka)和埃里克(Eric)管理。
But critics say the trust would be neither blind, because its assets are so well-known, nor independent.
但是批评人士称，该信托将是既不保密（因为其资产是众所周知的）又不独立的。
They note the three Trump scions have already been named as members of their father’s transition team.
他们指出，特朗普家的这三个孩子已经被任命为父亲过渡小组的成员了。
Just turning management over to the kids doesn’t solve the problem — he would still retain ownership, said Richard Painter, a former White House ethics lawyer in the administration of George W Bush.
只是把管理权交给孩子并不能解决问题——他仍然会保留所有权，曾在小布什(George W Bush)政府担任白宫伦理律师的理查德.佩因特(Richard Painter)称，
He hasn’t given us any plan that will remove those conflicts of interest.
他还没有给出任何可以消除这些利益冲突的计划。
Norman Eisen, a former legal ethics adviser for President Barack Obama, said the best thing for Mr Trump would be to liquidate his business holdings and invest the proceeds in a real blind trust run by an independent trustee.
曾任总统巴拉克.奥巴马(Barack Obama)法律伦理顾问的诺曼.艾森(Norman Eisen)称，特朗普最好能出售其商业资产并把所得收入投入由独立受托人管理的真正的保密信托中。
But he adds that Mr Trump has no legal obligation to do so, nor any seeming inclination, either.
但是他补充称，特朗普没有这么做的法律义务，也没有表现出任何类似意向。
We have never confronted a situation like this one before and it poses some very serious challenges and risks, Mr Eisen says.
我们之前从没有遇到过类似局面，这带来了一些非常严峻的挑战和风险，艾森称，
As the shock of the result wears off, the president-elect and his team — and all of us — need to address those risks.
随着人们对选举结果的震惊慢慢平息，当选总统及其团队——以及我们所有人——都需要应对这些风险。
Mr Painter said he sees two big potential conflicts for Mr Trump.
佩因特认为特朗普面临两大潜在利益冲突。
The first involves his hundreds of millions of dollars in debt and the perception that his borrowings could influence regulation in his administration.
第一个涉及他数亿美元的债务以及人们对他的借贷可能影响其政府制定相关规定的看法。
Complicating matters further is the fact that one of Mr Trump’s biggest current lenders is Deutsche Bank,
使问题更为复杂的是，特朗普目前最大的债权人之一是德意志银行(Deutsche Bank)。
which is now in talks with the US Department of Justice involving its handling of mortgage-backed securities.
该银行目前正在就其对抵押贷款证券的处理与美国司法部(US Department of Justice)进行谈判。
Another pitfall involves a section of the US constitution known as the emoluments clause.
另外一个隐患涉及被称为薪酬条款的一条美国宪法条款。
It essentially forbids a president from receiving anything of value from any king, prince or foreign state without congressional approval — no small issue for a business executive with holdings from Ireland and Scotland to Panama and the Philippines that could benefit materially from policies in those places.
该条款从本质上禁止美国总统在未得到国会批准的情况下接受来自任何国王、王子或者外国的任何有价值的东西——对于一个在从爱尔兰和苏格兰、到巴拿马和菲律宾等国都拥有资产、可能极大地受益于这些地区政策的商人来说，此事非同小可。
Other potential difficulties can be found closer to home.
其他潜在的困难可能出现在不那么遥远的地方。
The Trump Organization, for example, now operates a hotel in the government-owned Old Post Office Building in Washington.
例如，特朗普集团(Trump Organization)如今在华盛顿由政府所有的老邮局大楼(Old Post Office Building)里经营着一家酒店。
As president, Mr Trump would appoint the head of the federal General Services Administration, which manages the property in the nation’s capital.
作为总统，特朗普将任命联邦总务署(General Services Administration)的负责人，该机构管理那座位于美国首府的大楼。
His reputation as a man of the people could be put at risk by his oversight of the National Labor Relations Board.
他对国家劳资关系委员会的监督可能会将他属于人民的名声置于危险之中。
Because of squabbles in recent years between Mr Obama and the Republican-controlled Senate, only three of the five seats on the board have been filled, two by Democrats and one by a Republican.
由于最近几年奥巴马和由共和党控制的参议院之间的争吵，该委员会的5个委员席位只填补了3个，其中两位委员是民主党人，还有一位是共和党人。
Catherine Fisk, a law professor at the University of California, Irvine, said she expects Mr Trump will be able to quickly win Senate approval for two new members of the NLRB, giving Republicans control of the agency.
加州大学欧文分校(University of California,Irvine)的法学教授凯瑟琳.菲斯克(Catherine Fisk)称，她认为特朗普可以很快得到参议院的批准，任命两位新的国家劳资关系委员会委员，使得共和党人控制该委员会。
Although the NLRB is unlikely to revisit findings of fact, she said clever lawyers might be able to come up with a potential challenge to the board’s ruling requiring the Trump International Hotel to negotiate with the Culinary Workers Union in Las Vegas.
尽管国家劳资关系委员会不太可能重新审核认定的事实，但是她称聪明的律师可能会想出可能挑战该委员会这一裁定（要求特朗普国际酒店与拉斯维加斯餐饮业工会(Culinary Workers Union)举行谈判）的办法。
Meanwhile, the Trump Organisation — which did not respond to requests for comment — has appealed against the ruling to the US Court of Appeals in Washington.
与此同时，特朗普集团已就该判决上诉至位于华盛顿的美国上诉法院(US Court of Appeals)。该集团未回应置评请求。
Everyone expects that many of the decisions of the past eight years will be reversed, Ms Fisk said.
所有人都预计过去八年的很多决定将被推翻，菲斯克称。
It certainly raises the risk that the president is going to govern not in the interest of the electorate, but in his own interest.
这当然会加大这一风险——这位总统在治理国家时不会以选民的利益为重、而是会以个人利益为先。
