疑問代詞
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3.10 疑問代詞 | ||
1) 疑問代詞在句中起名詞詞組的作用,用來構成疑問句。疑問代詞有下列幾個: 指 人: who, whom, whose 指 物: what 既可指人又可指物: which 2) 疑問代詞在句中應位於謂語動詞之前,沒有性和數的變化,除who之外也沒有格的變化。what, which, whose還可作限定詞。試比較: 疑問代詞:Whose are these books on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的? What was the directional flow of U. S. territorial expansion? 美國的領土擴張是朝哪個方向的? 限定詞: Whose books are these on the desk? 桌上的書是誰的? What events led to most of the east of the Mississippi River becoming part of the United States? 哪些事件使密西西比河以東的大部分土地歸屬於美國? 説明1: 無論是做疑問代詞還是限定詞,which 和 what 所指的範圍不同。what所指的範圍是無限的,而which則指在一定的範圍內,例如: Which girls do you.like best? 你喜歡哪幾個姑娘? What girls do you like best? 你喜歡什麼樣的姑娘? 説明2: Whom是who的賓格,在書面語中,它作動詞賓語或介詞賓語,在口語中作賓語時,可用who代替,但在介詞後只能用whom, 例如: Who(m) did you meet on the street? 你在街上遇到了誰?(作動詞賓語) Who(m) are you taking the book to? 你要把這書帶給誰?(作介詞賓語,置句首) To whom did you speak on the campus? 你在校園裏和誰講話了?(作介詞賓語,置介詞 後,不能用who取代。) 説明3: 疑問代詞用於對介詞賓語提問時,過去的文體中介詞和疑問代詞通常一起放在句首,現代英語中,疑問代詞在句首,介詞在句未,例如: For what do most people live and work? 大部分人生活和工作的目的是什麼?(舊文體) What are you looking for? 你在找什麼?(現代英語) 説明4: 疑問代詞還可引導名詞性從句,例如: I can't make out what he is driving at. 我不知道他用意何在。 Can you tell me whose is the blue shirt on the bed? 你能告訴我牀上的藍襯衣是誰的嗎? Much of what you say I agree with, but I cannot go all the way with you. 你説的我大部分同意,但並不完全贊同。 |