2017年12月四級大綱新增詞彙(六)
201. municipal [mjuː'nɪsɪpl]
a.市的,市政的,市辦的
✎ 示例:
He works in the municipal government. 他在市政府工作。
202. narrate [nə'reɪt]
vt.①敘述 ②(給紀錄片或節目)作解說
✎ 示例:
The discovery of Maderia is narrated with all the exaggeration of romance.人們在講述馬德利島的發現過程中,用了大量的浪漫、誇張的手法。
203. naughty ['nɔːti]
a.(尤指兒童)頑皮的,淘氣的
✎ 示例:
What a naughty child! 這孩子真皮!
204. negate [nɪ'ɡeɪt]
vt.①取消,使無效 ②否定,否認
✎ 示例:
You can negate me, but not my love for you. 你可以否定我這個人,但是不要否定我對你的感情。
205. nude [njuːd]
a.裸體的 n.裸體藝術品
✎ 示例:
He was one of Australia's most distinguished artists, renowned for his portraits, landscapes and nudes. 他是澳大利亞最為傑出的藝術家之一,以肖像畫、風景畫和裸體畫而聞名。
206. obese [əʊ'biːs]
a.肥大的,肥胖的
✎ 示例:
Obese people tend to have higher blood pressure than lean people. 胖人常常比瘦人血壓高。
207. odo(u)r [ˈəudə]
n.①(尤指難聞的)氣味 ②臭味
✎ 示例:
I love the delightful odour of freshly roasted coffee beans. 我喜歡新烘咖啡豆的清香氣味。
208. optimism ['ɒptɪmɪzəm]
n.樂觀(主義)
✎ 示例:
Optimism is a good characteristic, but if carried to an excess it becomes foolishness.(Roosevelt) 樂觀是一種優秀品質,但如果過分樂觀就是愚蠢了。(羅斯福)
209. opt [ɒpt]
vi.選擇,挑選
✎ 示例:
He didn't exactly opt out because he never opted in.確切地說他並沒有退出,因為他壓根兒就沒有參加。
210. organism ['ɔːɡənɪzəm]
n.①生物 ②有機組織
✎ 示例:
Not all chemicals normally present in living organisms are harmless. 並不是所有常見於生物體中的化學物質都無害。
211. outbreak ['aʊtbreɪk]
n.(戰爭、情感、火山等的)爆發
✎ 示例:
He was born just before the outbreak of the war.他生於戰爭爆發前不久。
212. outdated [ˌaʊtˈdeɪtid]
a.過時的,陳舊的
✎ 示例:
Our methods of management are too outdated and simplistic. 我們的管理方式過於陳舊單一。
213. outskirts [ 'aʊtskɜːts]
n.市郊
✎ 示例:
Hours later we reached the outskirts of New York. 我們幾小時後到達了紐約市郊。
214. overdue [ˌəʊvə'djuː]
a.①(到期)未付的 ②早該發生的
✎ 示例:
The library called in all overdue books.圖書館要求把所有逾期未還的書收回。
215. overhear [ˌəʊvə'hɪə]
vt.偶然聽到,無意中聽到[△故意竊聽、偷聽是eavesdrop]
✎ 示例:
I overheard their conversation.我無意中聽到了他們的談話。
216. oversee [ˌəʊvə'siː]
vt.監督,監管
✎ 示例:
It's not my responsibility to oversee new staff.監督新員工可不是我的責任。
217. oversight ['əʊvəsaɪt]
n.①疏忽,忽略 ②負責
✎ 示例:
I had the oversight of their collection of books and manuscripts. 我負責照管他們收藏的書籍和手稿。
218. overthrow ['əʊvəθrəʊ]n. [əʊvə'θrəʊ]vt.
n.推翻 vt.①(尤指用武力)推翻,打倒 ②摒棄
✎ 示例:
He was arrested for attempting to overthrow the government.他企圖推翻政府,因而被逮捕了。
219. ozone ['əʊzəʊn]
n.臭氧
✎ 示例:
Ozone is produced by the reaction between oxygen and ultraviolet light. 臭氧由氧氣和紫外線發生反應而產生。
220. paddy ['pædi]
n.①稻田 ②(常sing.)(BrE)發火,發怒
✎ 示例:
What was formerly a sandbank has now become fertile paddy fields. 原來的沙灘如今變成了米糧川。
221. paperback ['peɪpəbæk]
n.平裝書,簡裝書
✎ 示例:
A paperback edition is now available at bookshops. 平裝本現在在書店可以買到。
222. paradox ['pærədɒks]
n.①悖論 ②自相矛盾的人(或事物、情況)
✎ 示例:
The paradox of earth is that it cradles life and then entombs life.大地的奧妙在於它既生長萬物,亦埋葬萬物。
223. pastime [ 'pɑːstaɪm]
n.消遣,娛樂
✎ 示例:
Playing cards is our favorite pastime when we travel by train.打牌是我們乘火車旅行時最喜歡的娛樂消遣。
224. payroll [ 'peɪˌrəʊl]
n.①工資名單 ②(常sing.)(公司的)工資總支出
✎ 示例:
They had 87 000 employees on the payroll. 他們在編員工有87,000名。
225. peanut [ˈpiːˌnʌt]
n.花生
✎ 示例:
The Orientals use no butter. They prefer the very healthful peanut oil. 東方人不吃黃油,他們更喜歡對健康非常有益處的花生油。
226. pearl [ 'pɜː(r)l]
n.珍珠
✎ 示例:
She wore a string of pearls at her throat. 她戴了一串珍珠項鍊。
227. peril [ 'perəl]
n.①(嚴重)危險 ②(常sing.)禍害
✎ 示例:
Many species are in peril of extinction because of our destruction of their natural habitat. 許多物種由於我們破壞了它們的自然環境,現在正面臨滅絕的危險。
228. persevere [ˌpɜːsɪ 'vɪə]
vi.(in)堅持,孜孜以求
✎ 示例:
They persevere in spite of all kinds of difficulties.儘管有各種困難,他們還是堅持下去。
229. pessimism ['pesəˌmɪzəm]
n.悲觀,悲觀情緒,悲觀主義,悲觀主義者
✎ 示例:
He looked upon his parents' quarrels with growing pessimism and apathy.他對父母的爭吵越來越悲觀和不關心。
230. petty [ 'peti]
a.①小的,瑣碎的 ②小氣的,小心眼的
✎ 示例:
I think that attitude is a bit petty.我覺得那種態度有點小題大做。
231. pirate ['paɪrət]
n.①海盜 ②侵權者 vt.盜版
✎ 示例:
It was said that the pirate buried their treasure on this island.據說海盜把他們的金銀財寶埋藏在這個島上。
232. plumbing [ 'plʌmɪŋ]
n.①自來水管道 ②水暖工的工作
✎ 示例:
Plumbing and electrics are installed to a high standard. 管道裝置和電路按照高標準安裝。
233. preach [priːtʃ]
v.①講道 ②鼓吹
✎ 示例:
Health experts are now preaching that even a little exercise is far better than none at all.現在健康專家都在宣揚,即使是少量的運動也遠比根本不運動好得多。
234. proficient [prəˈfiʃnt]
a.熟練的,精通的
✎ 示例:
After two years of living and working in China, Ms. Berman is proficient in Mandarin.在中國工作和生活了兩年後,Berman的普通話已經非常熟練了。
235. profound [prə'faʊnd]
a.①深奧的 ②見解深刻的
✎ 示例:
Reading makes a full man,meditation a profound man,discourse a clear man.(Franklin)博覽群書使人充實;冥思苦想使人深邃;探討論證使人明辨。(富蘭克林)
236. prose [prəʊz]
n.散文
✎ 示例:
Shute's prose is stark and chillingly unsentimental. 舒特的散文平鋪直敘,沒有感情,讓人感覺冷冰冰的。
237. proverb ['prɒvɜːb]
n.諺語,格言
✎ 示例:
An old Arab proverb says, “The enemy of my enemy is my friend.” 一句古老的阿拉伯諺語說,“敵人的敵人是朋友。”
238. quantify ['kwɒntɪfaɪ]
vt.量化
✎ 示例:
It is difficult to quantify an exact figure as firms are reluctant to declare their losses.由於各家公司都不願意公佈所受的損失,所以很難得出一個精確的數字。
239. quota ['kwəʊtə]
n.①定額,配額,限額 ②定量,指標
✎ 示例:
The bill would force employers to adopt a quota system when recruiting workers. 該法案將迫使僱主在招聘工人時採取限額制度。
240. refrain [rɪ'freɪn]
vi.抑制,剋制,忍住
✎ 示例:
How shall I refrain from tears when we part? 我們分手時,我怎麼能抑制住眼淚?