理論上有可能存在的十大漫畫英雄

Comic books like Watchmen and Kick-Ass ask: What would happen if superheroes existed in the real world? Watchmen suggested we'd get sociopaths. Kick-Ass said they'd be weirdos who walk the line between neighborhood watch and vigilante. In reality, some people do dress up and patrol streets, occasionally fighting crime. But is it possible for an actual comic book hero to exist in real life?

像《守望者》(Watchmen)和《海扁王》(Kick-Ass)這樣的漫畫都提出了這樣一個問題：如果超級英雄真的存在，現實世界將會發生什麼？《守望者》認為我們會擁有反社會人格。《海扁王》則認為他們會穿行於街道，密切監視社群動靜，是想要充當義務警察的怪胎。在現實生活中，確實會偶爾有人穿著奇裝異服，巡邏於街道打擊犯罪。但是，漫畫書中的英雄真的會存在於現實世界嗎？

Here are 10 comic book heroes that could exist now, or sometime in the future.

下面介紹10位現在或不久的將來可能存在的超級英雄。

ops

10.鐳射眼

Cyclops, one of the leaders of the X-Men, shoots a powerful beam of energy from his eyes. This sounds like pure science fiction. However, a pair of physicists at Massachusetts General Hospital have altered human cells so they can emit light of their own.

鐳射眼是X戰警的領導之一。他能夠從眼中發射出強大的能量光線，這聽起來簡直就是科幻小說。然而，麻省總醫院（Massachusetts General Hospital）的研究人員已經成功改變了人的體細胞，使它們能夠自身發光。

The team altered human kidney cells to produce the green fluorescent protein that makes jellyfish glow. The illuminated cells are easier to track, which has implications for cancer treatment.

這些科學家通過改造人體的腎細胞來製造綠色熒光蛋白，這也就是能使水母發光的蛋白質。這種發光細胞很容易追蹤，而且還有治療癌症的功效。

The researchers said that this could lead to people shooting beams out of their eyes. Sadly, it would probably be more like a flashlight than a death ray.

研究人員稱這種蛋白可以使人們從眼中發出光線。但遺憾的是，這種光線更像是手電筒發出的光束，而不是所謂的死亡射線。

p Thing

9.沼澤怪

Alec Holland was a scientist secretly working in the marshes when a bomb in his lab detonated. Instead of killing him, the blast turned him into Swamp Thing—a half-plant, half-man hybrid. He has super strength and the ability to communicate with plants. While communicating with vegetation and getting super strength from plants may not be possible, one thing that is theoretically possible is having a human-plant hybrid—specifically, humans getting energy from the Sun via photosynthesis.

艾力克·霍蘭（Alec Holland）本是一名在沼澤地工作的祕密組織的科學家。他的實驗室發生的爆炸非但沒有使他喪命，反而把他變成了沼澤怪，一種半人半植物的雜交生物體。他有很強大的力量而且還能和植物交流。儘管與植物交流還能從植物中獲得能量是不太可能的，但是成為半人半植物的雜交生物在理論上卻是有可能的。因為，確切地說，人類也是通過植物的光合作用從太陽中獲得能量的。

Most animals, including humans, do not use photosynthesis to get energy. However, scientists have recently discovered a small group of animals that do. Such animals include the pea aphid and the oriental hornet. The only vertebrate to use photosynthesis is the spotted salamander.

大多數動物，包括人類，並不能進行光合作用。但是，科學家最近發現有些極少數的動物也能進行光合作用，比如豌豆蚜（pea aphid）和東方胡蜂（the oriental hornet）。而唯一能進行光合作用的脊椎動物只有斑點鈍口螈（the spotted salamander）。

In 2011, a synthetic biologist from the University of California injected the embryos of zebra fish with photosynthetic bacteria. Though the fish didn't start photosynthesizing, they accepted the bacteria as the animal developed. This gives hope to other organisms, even humans, perhaps one day accepting such bacteria and using them.

2011年，一位加州大學（the University of California）的合成生物學家成功將光合細菌注射到斑馬魚的胚胎中。儘管斑馬魚並沒有進行光合作用，但它們卻能和這些光合細菌和諧共生。這給其他生物包括人類提供了可能，也許有一天我們能和它們共生並從它們體內獲得能量。

However, humans would still need leaves or some similar organ to maximize how much energy they get from the Sun. To absorb solar energy, whether as a plant or using solar panels, you need a large, flat surface. Humans simply aren't shaped that way. So while it is theoretically possible to become more plant-like, it would be a terrible superpower to have.

但是，人類仍需要類似於植物葉子的器官來儘可能多地從太陽獲得能量。因為不管是植物還是太陽能電池板，都需要寬闊平坦的表面來吸收太陽能，而人類是不可能變成那種形狀的。雖然按照理論來說，人可以擁有植物的某些功能，但是一般人還是不會想要擁有這種超能力的。

ain America

8.美國隊長

When World War II broke out, Steve Rogers wanted to fight the Nazis. He was a small, weak man, but he had a big heart. So he was chosen for the Super Solider project and was injected with a serum, making him into the strong and powerful Captain America.

當二戰爆發時，擁有雄心壯志的史蒂夫·羅傑斯（Steve Rogers）本想參軍打擊納粹。但是他身體很瘦弱，在參加體檢時不幸被拒絕了。後來他被選中參加了"超級士兵"（Super Solider）計劃，在注射了血清後成為了堅強而有力量的美國隊長。

It's not actually possible to grow taller through drugs as Steve Rogers did. Bones simply cannot grow like that. However, it is possible to become taller through painful surgery. Doctors break the bones and implant telescoping rods that stretch the bones apart at the rate of 1 millimeter (0.04 in) per day. One man managed to grow 15 centimeters (6 in) after two surgeries.

像羅傑斯那樣通過藥物來長高是不可能的——骨骼不可能迅速增長。但是，通過手術來增高卻是可能的。醫生會在人體的骨骼內植入一個人造伸縮杆，使之以每天1毫米（0.04英寸）的速度生長。有人就在兩次手術後成功增高了15釐米（6英寸）。

Besides growing taller, Rogers also got much stronger from just one injection, which is possible. A team at the Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio developed a shot that will increase muscle mass with a single injection. The shot uses a virus that codes the protein follistatin, which suppresses a gene called myostatin that stops muscle growth. The project's lead researcher calls myostatin "brakes" and says the virus he created would simply let up on the brakes.

除了長高外，羅傑斯也通過注射血清變得更加強壯，這也是有可能的。俄亥俄州全國兒童醫院（Nationwide Children's Hospital）的研究機構研發出一種通過一次注射就能增加肌肉組織的藥物。該藥物含有一種病毒，它能夠解碼人體中抑制肌肉生長的基因（肌肉生長抑制素）。該機構負責人把這種肌肉生長抑制素稱作"制動器"（brakes）,他還表示它們製造的這種病毒能夠阻止其對肌肉生長的抑制。

The shot is for patients who suffer from muscular diseases. Growth does not happen exactly the way it does in the comic, in a matter of moments. Instead, these muscles grow for six months. While this particular shot does not allow for super soldiers in the immediate future, it does show that muscle growth from one injection is a real thing.

這種試劑是專門為肌肉萎縮症患者研發的。它不會像漫畫中那樣立竿見影，相反，這些肌肉的生長需要長達6個月的時間。儘管這種特殊試劑不會用於未來的超級士兵身上，但它確實說明了通過注射獲得肌肉生長的可能性。

翻譯:ZC 來源：前十網