託福寫作怎樣訓練邏輯思維
清晰縝密的邏輯思維是託福寫作的加分項，那麼我們平時該怎麼去訓練這種邏輯性呢?下面小編就給大家分享一下!
託福寫作怎樣訓練邏輯思維
經常有學生抱怨說，獨立寫作很少能找到比較好的範文，去看美國本土的雜誌又覺得文體和詞句相對託福來說太難了，也不知道美國本土學生遇到託福這樣的essay會如何寫。其實聰明的學生往往會發現，真正美國人要求的300字以上的獨立寫作文章往往可以參考綜合寫作的閱讀和聽力文章的結構及論證方法，而不用捨近求遠。
首先從文章結構上看
閱讀文章一共4段，第1段是總的觀點，2， 3， 4段都是分論點來論證總觀點，ETS一直強調：”structure isfairly important， it's like you see someone in distance what you see is a shapefirst”， 四段式或五段式(加一個結尾段)是理想的文章結構。對於到底幾個分論點，ETS說”one is not enough， two is coincidental and three is convincing， four is fine”， 因此對分論點的要求是兩個以上爲佳。我們不難發現綜合作文幾乎都是3個分論點。
其次從段落細節上看
第1段是作者事先進行的對文章背景的介紹“教育家們已經意識到高中對於許多同學來說是一個很困難的經歷。伴隨着學術挑戰帶來的壓力，高中同時也是一個產生社交，情感，甚至是財政壓力的地方。”緊接着，作者便很順當的表明了自己的觀點“而減少這些非學術壓力的有效方法之一就是通過要求學生穿校服使得學生們都穿相同的衣服。”從首段看出我們想要寫好開頭段的方法之一便是一定要讓讀者覺得我們觀點的提出不是那麼突兀的，而要用一個背景介紹來做很好的引入，背景是這個話題所產生的時間，地點或環境，對於“校服和非學術壓力”而言背景的地點應該是在學校，作者定位在了高中，時間是目前很普遍，因此作者用了完成時，而環境則是目前學生的非學術壓力有哪些：社交，情感，甚至是財政，這樣背景就輕而易舉地寫好了，獨立作文中好的背景介紹是吸引讀者眼球，順水推舟的提出觀點的至關重要的一步。緊接着就是表明觀點，作者往往會在引入完背景和話題後表明自己的態度，表明觀點會有一些提醒讀者“我要表達觀點了”的信號詞，如：the best way to， however/while/but， would benefit/harm; be beneficial/harmful to， be convincing， claim， far more (efficient/trustworthy)， more likely等等，此文章中就用了“one of the effective way of decreasingthis kind of non-academic stress is to require students to wear schooluniforms”讓讀者很快捕捉到了作者的觀點。在獨立作文中清晰的表明觀點是非常重要的。
第2、3、4段分別是3個分論點，首先分論點句的寫法也是有講究的，綜合作文的分論點句往往在每段的開頭就寫出來了，讓讀者一目瞭然這段要寫什麼，如這篇文章的3個分論點句分別是每段的開頭：“穿校服可以使高中花費減少”，“穿校服可以減少青少年的自卑感”，“穿校服會減少學生的欺凌行爲”。
寫分論點句的5個原則在於：1. 分論點句要有關鍵詞，對於此文章來說關鍵詞是“穿校服”、“減少”，因此分論點句中會重複出現這幾個詞，但是又不能每句話都用“wearing the same school uniform”和“reduce”， 這時候就要求學生有同義詞替換能力，作者用的其他幾個同意替換詞分別爲“such a policy”， “a mandatoryschool-uniform policy”， “eliminate”， “decrease”， 很好地避開了詞彙重複。2. 分論點句要能論證總論點，也就是說分論點一定是能減少非學術壓力的，那麼“花費”、“自卑”、“欺凌”都是非學術壓力，減少了這些，自然就證明了減少非學術壓力了，因此很好的證明了總論點。3. 分論點句不能太細節，不可太長，要有可拓展性。比如說“減少花費”完全可以問個爲什麼，如果論點句寫“減少花費是由於可以通過穿校服來減少穿貴的流行的衣服來減少花費”這就太細節了，會使得在拓展的時候不知道要寫什麼了，也就是說你可以接下來用解釋法，舉例法等來細節展開這個籠統的句子，而不是說完一句分論點句，下面都沒有可說的了。4. 分論點句中不能包含2個論點，如把“減少花費和減少自卑感”放在一個論點句裏來寫就不合適，因爲下面的論證就不知道是論證穿校服減少花費還是減少自卑感了，會顯得混亂。5. 段與段分論點與分論點之間也要有銜接詞，對於這篇關於校服的綜合作文，作者在寫三個分論點時銜接的非常恰當，用了“one of the most obvious benefits......”，“”， “finally....”， 使得讀者覺得很有層次感。
託福獨立寫作範文：讀小說比看電影更愉快
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Reading fiction (such as novels and short stories) is more enjoyable than Watching movies. Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.
Reading fiction, such as novels and short stories, is more enjoyable than watching a movie. Of course the images in a movie are much more vivid, because you’re seeing them on a large screen in a dark room. The images you “see” in a novel are only as strong as your own imagination. But the more you read, the stronger your imagination becomes. Reading exercise your imaginative powers. Watching a movie dulls them. Imagination like a muscle needs to be used. Otherwise it can disappear.
When you read, you’re an active participant in your own enjoyment. That’s one reason reading develops the imagination. You’re reading the words on the page and translating them into images in your mind. When you’re watching a movie, you’re a passive viewer. The movie is giving you everything. Nothing comes from you except your reaction to what you’re seeing, and even that can be given you by the movie. Some movie plots are so simple, you can predict what’s going to happen before it does.
Reading fiction also develops your storytelling skills. The more reading you do, the better you become at creating plots and characters. The plots and characters in movies are often very simple, because the emphasis is on action rather than on language or character development.
Still, going to the movies is a great community experience. Sitting in a large theater with a lot of other people is fun. You experience the same reactions to what you’re seeing together. Reading is a one-person experience. It’s a chance to go into an imaginary world by yourself. Both experiences can be fun and rewarding, but I think reading fiction is more enjoyable.
託福獨立寫作範文：年輕人教不了老人什麼
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? There is nothing that young people can teach older people. Use specific reasons and details to support your opinion.
Many of us believe that young people have nothing valuable to teach older people. However that is not always the case. Young people can teach older people about technology, young culture, and young-related social issues.
Young people are usually better at using new forms of technology than older people can learn to use computers from young people. This is true of other technology too. For example ,I taught my grandparents how to use a video cassette recorder when I was thirteen years old. They didn’t know what it could do? Showed them. Now they use it regularly.
Older people are usually not familiar with youth culture, and younger people can help here too. This is important because it can help older people live a more enjoyable life. For example, popular music is generally youth oriented, and older people don’t always listen to it. However, when young people teach them about it, they may come to enjoy it. My Grandmother, for example never listened to popular music before I introduces her to it. Note she and I listen and dance all the time. I plan to teach her about another piece of youth culture ---rollerblading----very soon!
Of course, there are more serious issues about which younger people can teach older people. As with computer, today’s children have grown up knowing about AIDS and school violence. That is not true for older generations. Here, again, children can teach older people about things that are important to everyone.
I know there are people who would say “you can’t teach an older dog new tricks.” However, it’s plain to me that the young have plenty to teach the old if they take the time to try. When they do, I think both gain a new appreciation for each other.
託福獨立寫作範文：人們應該閱讀真人真事相關書籍
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People should read those books that are about real events, real people, and established facts. Use specific reasons and details to support your opinion.
The Important of Fiction
How could anyone suggest that people should only read about real events, real people, and established facts? For one thing, that means people wouldn’t be reading half of all the great books that have ever been written, not to mention the plays, short stories and poetry. For another, it would mean that people’s imaginations would not develop as children and would remain dulled throughout their lives.
Reading stories as a child helps develop our creativity by reaching us a lot about how to use words to create mental images. It open our world up, exposing us to other times and different ways of living. Reading histories of those times would serve kind of the same purpose, but it probably wouldn’t stick in our minds as sharply. Reading an essay about poverty in Victorian England is not the same thing as reading in Charles Dicken’s Oliver Twist. The images of a small boy being sold are more horrifying than simply reading the statement, “children were sold into labor “because a novel makes that small boy seem real to understanding fiction makes a more lasting impression on our minds and emotions.
Besides, storytelling is an emotional need for human beings. From earliest times, humans have taught their children about life, not by telling them facts and figures, but by telling them stories. Some of these stories show what people are like (human nature),and help us experience a wide range of feelings. Some make us think about how we should act. Telling a child that it’s wrong to lie will make little impression, but telling him the story of a little boy whose grows longer every time be tell a lie will make a big impression.
Fiction is too important to our culture, our minds, and our emotions. How could we ever give it up?
