楊潔篪外長第十一屆中國發展高層論壇年會演講
深化理解共識 促進合作發展 ——在第十一屆中國發展高層論壇年會上的演講外交部長楊潔篪 2010年3月21日，北京
Pursue Development Through, Greater Understanding and Cooperation --Speech at the 11th Annual Meeting of the China Development Forum by H.E. Yang Jiechi, Minister of Foreign Affairs Beijing, 21 March 2010
各位來賓，女士們、先生們、朋友們：
Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,
很高興參加“中國發展高層論壇2010年會”，並向大家介紹中國的外交政策。今天是二十四節氣的春分，中國人講“春分麥起身，一刻值千金”。值此世界經濟萌發新芽、但復甦基礎仍然脆弱的關鍵時刻，本屆論壇以“中國與世界經濟：增長•調整•合作”爲主題，邀請國內外經濟、學術界知名人士共聚北京，聽取各方聲音，凝聚各方智慧，共商應對金融危機和後危機時代挑戰之道，具有重要意義。在此，我預祝本次高層論壇取得圓滿成功！
It is a distinct pleasure for me to join you here at the 2010 annual meeting of the China Development Forum and talk about China's foreign policy. Today happens to be the Spring Equinox, one of the 24 seasonal division points under the traditional Chinese calendar. We Chinese say, "Every minute is as precious as gold on the Spring Equinox, for this is the day when wheat starts to grow." And we are indeed at a critical moment. We have seen green shoots in the world economy, but the recovery is yet to firm up. A forum with the theme of "China and the World Economy: Growth, Restructuring and Cooperation" at such a point in time cannot be more fitting. I see in the audience well-known businessmen and scholars from both home and abroad. Your insight and wisdom will inspire us in our effort to counter the financial crisis and challenges in the post-crisis era. I wish the forum a great success.
女士們、先生們：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
今年是新世紀第二個十年的開局之年。剛剛過去的十年既是危機與變革的十年，也是合作與發展的十年。世界多極化、經濟全球化的發展更加迅猛，多邊主義和互利共贏的理念更加深入人心，和平、發展、合作的時代潮流更加強勁。伴隨美國“9•11”恐怖襲擊事件、伊拉克戰爭、國際金融危機、發展中國家整體實力上升等一系列國際大事，世界加速進入經濟大振盪、體系大變革、格局大調整、合作大發展的新階段，出現一系列新特點新趨勢。
This year kicks off the second decade in the new century. The 10 years that has just passed is a decade of crisis and transformation, and of cooperation and development. The process towards a multi-polar world and economic globalization has unfolded at a faster pace. The concept of multilateralism and win-win progress has won greater popularity. And the trend of our times - peace, development and cooperation - has gained stronger momentum. A host of major events, including the September 11 terrorist attacks in the United States, the war in Iraq, the international financial crisis, and the rise of the overall strength of developing countries have hastened the arrival of a new era in the evolution of the global landscape. It is an era marked by economic fluctuations, institutional overhaul, structural adjustments and above all, greater cooperation among countries. There have occurred several new features and trends.
一是國際金融危機的深層次影響繼續顯現，世界經濟發展方式醞釀新的重大變革。金融危機使世界經濟一度陷入嚴重衰退，目前經濟開始企穩回升，但深層次問題並未根本解決。金融危機加速了經濟發展方式的轉變，爲世界經濟帶來新的機遇和增長點。各國着眼於“後危機時代”的發展趨勢，加緊調整各自經濟增長和發展戰略，力爭在未來綜合國力競爭中佔據主動。
First, a new, major transformation in the global economic growth pattern is in the making amidst the continuing impact of the international financial crisis. The world economy, once plunged into deep recession in the wake of the financial crisis, is now stabilizing and picking up. But deep-seated problems have not been fundamentally addressed. The financial crisis has accelerated the transformation of the economic growth pattern and brought new opportunities and growth points to the world economy. All countries are busy adjusting their strategies on economic growth and overall development in order to gain an advantageous position in the competition of comprehensive national strength in the post-crisis era.
二是國際經濟體系進入改革和構建的重要時期，建立更加公正合理的國際秩序的呼聲更加強烈。金融危機使現行國際經濟金融體系的弊端暴露無遺，改革成爲普遍共識。二十國集團峯會實現機制化，國際貨幣基金組織、世界銀行等國際機構改革邁出重要步伐，全球經濟治理機制逐步向着更具代表性、更加公平高效的方向發展。但國際經濟體系改革十分複雜，改革進程將是漫長和曲折的。
Second, the global economic system has entered an important stage of reform and development, and there is a stronger call for a more just and reasonable international order. The financial crisis has laid bare the flaws in the current international economic and financial system, and the need for reform is widely acknowledged. As a result, the G20 summits have become institutionalized. The International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other international institutions have taken significant steps towards reform. And the global economic governance structure is moving towards greater representation, justice and efficiency. But reform of the international economic system will be a long and tortuous process, as it involves extremely complex factors.
三是國際力量對比格局出現新的此消彼長，發展中國家整體實力繼續上升。發展中大國日益成爲全球經濟增長的重要引擎。這有利於推動世界格局朝着相對均衡的方向發展。但發展中國家經濟社會發展水平仍然相對滯後，實現發展經濟、消除貧困的目標任重而道遠。
Third, the global balance of power has gone through new changes, and the collective strength of developing countries continues to rise. Major developing countries are becoming important engines of the global economy. This will help bring about balanced development of the global architecture. But on the other hand, developing countries still fall behind developed countries in terms of economic and social development. They have to work long and hard to meet the target of economic growth and poverty eradication.
四是國際關係進入新一輪調整互動期，圍繞全球性問題的國際合作不斷深化。氣候變化、能源資源安全、糧食安全、公共衛生安全等全球性問題更加突出，任何國家都無法單獨應對。越來越多的國家認識到，冷戰思維、零和博弈等思想不合時宜，同舟共濟、互利共贏纔是生存和發展之道，在競爭中合作、在合作中發展成爲處理相互關係的普遍共識。
Fourth, a new round of adjustments and interactions has begun in international relations, and international cooperation on global issues keeps deepening. Climate change, energy and resources security, food security, public health security and other global issues have become more acute, and no country can deal with these problems alone. More and more countries have come to realize that the Cold War mentality and zero-sum game theory are out of date. The right way to survive and thrive is to stick together in tough times like passengers in the same boat and pursue mutual benefit and win-win progress. It is widely agreed that in handling international relations, countries should seek cooperation in the course of competition, and promote development through cooperation.女士們，先生們：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
21世紀頭十年，中國也走過了不平凡的歷程。我們成功舉辦北京奧運會，有效抵禦國際金融危機，在應對氣候變化等全球性問題上發揮了重要作用。我們全面深化與世界各國的友好合作，促進以和平方式解決國際爭端和地區熱點問題，推動國際秩序向着更加公正合理的方向發展。這一切彰顯了中國負責任的國際形象和獨特建設性作用，表明中國是維護世界和平、促進共同發展的重要力量。
In the first ten years of this century, China has traveled an extraordinary path. We have successfully held the Beijing Olympic Games, effectively dealt with the international financial crisis, and played an important role in tackling climate change and other global challenges. We have deepened friendly cooperation with all countries, promoted the peaceful settlement of international disputes and regional hot-spot issues, and worked for a more just and reasonable international order. All this demonstrates China's image as a responsible country and underscores our unique and constructive role in international affairs. It shows that China is a staunch force for world peace and common development.
中國以自身的發展促進了世界的發展。據統計，2009年中國經濟對世界經濟增長的貢獻率達到50%，已經成爲世界第二大進口國和全球最大新興市場。中國積極參與應對金融危機的國際合作，在危機肆虐期間人民幣匯率保持基本穩定，推動成立了1200億美元的亞洲外匯儲備庫，對外簽署了6500億元人民幣的國際貨幣互換協議，爲促進本地區和世界經濟的穩定與發展起到了重要作用。中國採取了一系列應對氣候變化的重大舉措，推動哥本哈根氣候變化會議取得積極重要成果，爲推進應對氣候變化的國際合作做出了積極貢獻。
China's development has brought benefits to the world. Statistics show that in 2009, China contributed 50% to world economic growth and became the second largest importing country and the largest emerging market. We have taken an active part in international cooperation on the financial crisis and played an important role in promoting stability and development of the regional and global economy. In the height of the financial crisis, we kept the RMB exchange rate basically stable, facilitated the establishment of the Asian foreign exchange reserve pool totaling 120 billion US dollars, and signed currency swap agreements worth 650 billion RMB yuan. We have adopted a series of major steps to meet the climate challenge, made great effort for positive and important outcomes at the Copenhagen conference and active contributed to international cooperation on climate change.
中國承擔着越來越多與本國國力相符的國際責任。我國已經兌現對聯合國《千年宣言》的承諾，向120多個發展中國家提供了經濟援助，累計免除49個重債窮國和最不發達國家的債務。我們向發生地震、海嘯等災害的國家積極捐資捐物，並派遣多支醫療隊和救援隊赴當地實施人道救助。中國積極參加聯合國國際維和行動，是安理會常任理事國中派出維和人員最多的國家，累計向24項聯合國維和行動派出上萬人次，中國維和官兵甚至付出了生命的代價。中國在實現自身發展的同時，正在盡最大的努力，爲世界和平與發展的崇高事業做出力所能及的重要貢獻。
China is assuming increasing international responsibilities commensurate with its capability. We have fulfilled our commitments under the UN Millennium Declaration, provided economic assistance to more than 120 developing countries, and cancelled the debts owed by 49 heavily indebted poor countries and least developed countries. We have given assistance, both in kind and in cash, to countries hit by earthquakes, tsunamis and other natural disasters, and sent out medical and rescue teams for humanitarian relief on many occasions. We are an active participant in UN peacekeeping operations and we are the largest contributor of peacekeeping personnel among the five permanent members of the UN Security Council. So far we have dispatched more than 10,000 personnel to 24 UN peacekeeping missions, and some Chinese peacekeepers have made the ultimate sacrifice. All these are vivid examples which show that while promoting our own development, we are doing our utmost to contribute to the lofty cause of world peace and development.
同時，中國的基本國情和麪對的困難也不容忽視。中國人口多，底子薄，發展不平衡，現在乃至今後相當長的時期內都是發展中國家。我國人均GDP排在世界100位之後，儘管30年間脫貧人口接近於美國全國的人口，但貧困人口總數在世界上仍然排名第二。我國居民消費水平還處在較低層次，目前仍有1000萬人沒有用上電。我國還處在全球產業鏈的低端，科技研發和高端製造業等方面的競爭力還較弱，出口幾億件襯衫才能換回一架空客或波音飛機。我國發展進程中面臨的難題世所罕見，哪一個解決起來都很不容易。在我們這樣一個擁有十幾億人口的發展中大國實現現代化，還需要付出艱苦努力，還有很長的路要走。
On the other hand, one must always remember China's basic national conditions and the difficulties we face. China has a large population. Our economic foundation is weak and our development is uneven. China's per capita GDP is lower than that of at least 100 countries. Yes, in the past 30 years the number of Chinese lifted out of poverty almost equals the total population of the US, but we still have the second largest number of poor people in the world. Our consumer spending is still at a fairly low level. There are 10 million Chinese who have no access to electricity even today. China is at the lower end of the global industrial chain and lacks competitiveness in scientific research and development and high-end manufacturing. We need to export hundreds of millions of shirts in order to buy one Airbus or Boeing. The difficulties that we face in our development are unmatched anywhere in the world, and none of the difficult issues has easy solutions. We are and will remain a developing country for a long time to come. To achieve modernization in China, we must make strenuous and unremitting efforts.
中國的外交以維護國家的主權、安全和發展利益，以促進世界的和平與發展爲己任。在涉及國家核心利益的問題上，即使是在十分貧窮落後的年代，我們也是錚錚鐵骨、毫不妥協。同時也要看到，中國走的是和平發展、互利共贏的道路。中國的發展來源於自身的經濟社會進步，而不是對外武力擴張。中國的發展不以犧牲別國利益爲代價，不追求利益最大化，而是堅持把共同利益的蛋糕做大，把自身利益與世界人民的共同利益結合起來，實現共同發展。中國的發展靠的是改革開放和對外合作，通過互利互惠，在實現自身快速發展的同時，也爲世界經濟做出了貢獻。中國的發展得益於一個總體和平穩定的國際環境，我們也以自己的發展更好地促進世界和平與繁榮。中國的發展堅持的是相互尊重、平等相待、求同存異、開放包容的精神，既使將來強大了，也絕不把自己的意志強加於人。總的說，中國的發展不會損害任何國家的利益，而會給世界帶來更多的機遇，更大的貢獻。
It is the bounden duty of Chinese diplomacy to safeguard China's sovereignty, security and development interests and promote world peace and development. On issues concerning core national interests, we have always been steadfast and unyielding, even when we were very poor and backward. It is also important to note that China has always been committed to peaceful development and win-win cooperation. First, China's development has been made possible by our dedicated efforts on the economic and social fronts, not by armed expansion abroad. We don't pursue development at the expense of others or seek to maximize our own gains in developing external relations. Quite the contrary, we have been working to broaden shared interests and combine our interests with the common interests of the people of the whole world in order to achieve common development. Second, China's development is the result of reform, opening up and cooperation with others. By pursuing mutual benefit, we have both achieved rapid development at home and contributed to the growth of the world economy. Third, our development has benefited from a generally peaceful and stable international environment, and our development has in turn contributed to world peace and prosperity. Mutual respect, equality, seeking common ground while reserving differences, openness and inclusiveness - these are the principles underpinning China's development. I want to stress that even when we become developed in the future, we will never impose our will on others. To sum up, China's development, instead of hurting the interests of any country, will only bring more opportunities and make greater contribution to the whole world.
女士們、先生們：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
2010年是世界格局和國際經濟體系繼續發生深刻複雜變化的一年，也是我國繼續應對國際金融危機、保持經濟平穩較快發展、加快轉變經濟發展方式的關鍵一年。溫家寶總理在政府工作報告中，對今年外交工作的基本目標和主要任務進行了重要部署。我們將緊緊圍繞黨和國家的中心任務，全方位開拓對外關係，堅定地維護國家主權、安全和發展利益，重點要完成好以下幾項工作：
The year 2010 will continue to see profound and complex changes in the international landscape, including the global economic architecture. It will also be a crucial year to China's efforts to counter the global financial crisis, maintain steady and fast economic growth, and speed up the transformation of economic growth pattern. In his government work report, Premier Wen Jiabao laid out our basic foreign policy objectives and essential tasks for this year. In keeping with the central tasks of the Party and the state, we will further reach out to the world and firmly uphold sovereignty, security and development interests. Priorities on our diplomatic agenda for this year include the following:
一是積極推動全方位外交。我們將不斷充實和完善全方位外交佈局，繼續全面發展與各大國的關係，加強與周邊國家的睦鄰友好，深化與發展中國家的團結合作，統籌協調好雙邊外交與多邊外交、國別區域外交與各領域外交工作。
First, vigorously pursue all-round diplomacy. To enrich and improve all-round diplomacy, we will further develop our relations with major countries, strengthen good-neighborliness with surrounding countries, and enhance solidarity and cooperation with developing countries. We will pursue bilateral and multilateral diplomacy, and country and region-specific diplomacy and subject-specific diplomacy in a coordinated way.
二是爲國內保穩定、促發展、轉變經濟發展方式創造更好的外部環境。我們將加大經濟外交工作力度，積極配合實施“引進來”、“走出去”戰略，繼續參與應對金融危機的國際對話與合作，堅決反對保護主義，與各國一道，共同推動世界經濟的全面復甦和發展。
Second, build a better external environment to serve our domestic effort of maintaining stability, promoting development and speeding up transformation of economic growth pattern. We will step up economic diplomacy and support the "bring in" and "go global" strategies. We will continue to engage in international dialogue and cooperation to tackle the financial crisis and firmly oppose protectionism. We are ready to work with all other countries to put the world economy back on track.
三是重點搞好峯會外交和世博外交。今年是多邊峯會的高峯年。中國領導人將出席二十國集團金融峯會、上海合作組織峯會、“金磚四國”峯會、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、第三次世界議長大會、東亞領導人系列會議等一系列重大多邊外交活動。我們將繼續以多邊峯會爲重要平臺，積極參與國際體系變革，維護髮展中國家利益，推動應對氣候變化等國際合作不斷向前發展。
Third, ensure success of summit diplomacy and World Expo diplomacy. As you may know, there will be quite a number of multilateral summit meetings this year. Chinese leaders will attend the G20 summits, the SCO summit, the "BRIC" summit, the APEC economic leaders' meeting, the 3rd world conference of speakers of parliaments, the East Asia leaders' meetings, and some other important multilateral events. We will continue to take multilateral summit meetings as an important platform to actively engage in the reform of the international system, uphold the interests of developing countries and drive forward international cooperation in addressing climate change and other issues.
上海世博會是我國繼北京奧運會之後舉辦的又一場國際盛會，也是第一次在發展中國家舉行的世博會。屆時可能將有近百位外國政要蒞臨上海，許多外國觀衆也會紛至沓來。世博會不僅是上海的、中國的世博會，更是世界的世博會，爲各國人民展示發展成果、增進了解與友誼、促進共同發展提供了重要平臺。中國將舉全國之力，集世界智慧，將上海世博會打造成一座世界人文交流的友誼之橋。
The Shanghai World Expo will be another grand international event hosted by China following the Beijing Olympic Games, and it will be the first time that the Expo is held in a developing country. Around 100 foreign dignitaries are expected to come to Shanghai for the event, along with a large number of visitors from various parts of the world. The World Expo belongs not only to Shanghai and China, but also and more importantly, to the entire world. It will offer an important stage for people around the world to showcase their achievements, enhance mutual understanding and friendship and promote common development. We will marshal the full resources of the country and pool the wisdom of the whole world to make the Expo a bridge of friendship and exchanges among people across the globe.
女士們、先生們：
Ladies and Gentlemen,
“他山之石，可以攻玉”。在當前世界各國重新認識和思考發展理念、合作應對全球性挑戰的關鍵時刻，借鑑包容、博採衆長成爲必然選擇。“聽取世界的聲音，探索中國發展之路”是中國發展高層論壇的宗旨。我相信秉持這一宗旨，本屆論壇一定能爲增進中國與世界的對話、理解與友誼做出積極而獨特的貢獻。讓我們攜手努力，爲促進各國之間的合作、爲推動世界和平與發展的崇高事業，不斷貢獻自己的智慧和力量。
There is an old Chinese saying which goes, "There are other hills whose stones may serve to polish jade". It means that advice from others may help one overcome one's own difficulties. At this critical juncture when all countries are rethinking what development concept to follow, and when all of us are coming together to meet global challenges, it is all the more important for us to be open and inclusive and learn from each other. The China Development Forum is designed to "hear the voice of the world and explore the path for China's development". I am convinced that, with this purpose in mind, the forum will play an active and unique role in enhancing China's dialogue, understanding and friendship with the rest of the world. Together, let us contribute our wisdom and strength to international cooperation and to the lofty cause of world peace and development.
謝謝大家。
Thank you.
