初級美語 Lesson 21:Talking About the Past and the

Conversation A : On a Farm?

MARTIN: I like your farm, Walter.?
WALTER: Thanks. I like the farm, too. I lived in town for seven years.?MARTIN: But you liked the farm??
WALTER: Yes. My father was a farmer. I was a child. And then I was a student. I lived in the country for nineteen years.?
MARTIN: Did you work with your father??
WALTER: Of course. I worked in the morning, and I worked in the evening.?MARTIN: Did you go to school??
WALTER: Yes. I went to high school in town.?
WALTER: Some farmers don't like animals.?
MARTIN: You have cows??
WALTER: That's right. I like sheep, too.?
MARTIN: Do you grow corn and beans??
WALTER: Yes. But I have cows and sheep. Do you like sheep??
MARTIN: I like animals. But I live in the city.?
WALTER: Where is your home??
MARTIN: I live in Baltimore.?
WALTER: Do you have a family??
MARTIN: Yes. I have a wife, a son and a daughter.?
WALTER: Are they with you here??
MARTIN: No, they're in Baltimore. My wife is working.?
WALTER: My brother lives in Philadelphia. That's in the East.?
MARTIN: That's right.?
WALTER: My sister lives in the West. She lives in Los Angeles. She lived in San Diego last year.?
MARTIN: Is she married??
WALTER: Yes, she is.?
MARTIN: What does she do??
WALTER: She makes airplanes. Her husband makes airplanes, too.?MARTIN: Are your parents living??
WALTER: Yes, they are.?
MARTIN: Where do they live??
WALTER: They live in San Diego. They lived with my sister.
MARTIN: Was your sister married??
WALTER: No. She is married now. She married last year. She moved to Los Angeles. They stayed in San Diego.?

Practice 1：did 引導過去時的一般疑問句，用以詢問過去的事情。句型結構是：“Did+主語+動詞原形+其它?”?
Examples: MARTIN: Did you work last year??
WALTER: Yes, I worked with my father.?
MARTIN: Did she live with her parents??
WALTER: Yes, she lived with her parents.?
MARTIN: Did they walk to town??
WALTER: Yes, they walked to town.?

會話 A 在一家農場?
馬 丁：沃爾特，我喜歡你的農場。?
沃爾特：謝謝，我也喜歡農場。我在城裏住了7年。?
馬 丁：但你喜歡農場??
沃爾特：是的，我父親是農民，我從童年到學生時代在鄉下住了19年。?
馬 丁：你那時和你父親在一起幹活嗎??
沃爾特：當然，我在早上和晚上幹活。?
馬 丁：你那時上學嗎??
沃爾特：是的，我在城裏的中學上學。有些農場主不喜歡動物。?
馬 丁：你養牛??
沃爾特：對，我也喜歡羊。
馬 丁：你種玉米和豆子嗎??
沃爾特：種，但我也養牛和羊，你喜歡羊嗎??
馬 丁：我喜歡動物，但我住在城裏(無法飼養動物)。?
沃爾特：你的家在哪兒??
馬 丁：我住在巴爾的摩。?
沃爾特：你成家了嗎??
馬 丁：成了，我有妻子，兒子和女兒。?
沃爾特：他們和你一起來這兒了嗎??
馬 丁：沒有，他們在巴爾的摩，我妻子上班。?
沃爾特：我兄弟住在費城，在美國東部。?
馬 丁：不錯。?
沃爾特：我妹妹住在西部，她住在洛杉磯，她去年住在聖地亞哥。?
馬 丁：她結婚了嗎??
沃爾特：結婚了。?
馬 丁：她做什麼工作??
沃爾特：她製造飛機，她丈夫也是造飛機的。?
馬 丁：你的父母還健在嗎??
沃爾特：是的。?
馬 丁：他們住在哪兒??
沃爾特：他們住在聖地亞哥，他們過去和我妹妹住在一起。?
馬 丁：那時，你妹妹結婚了嗎??
沃爾特：沒有，但她現在結婚了，她去年結的婚。她搬到了洛杉磯 ，他們現在住在聖地亞哥。

Conversation B?

WALTER: Let's walk to the house. Do you want some coffee?
MARTIN: Yes, please.?
WALTER: See the corn?
MARTIN: Where??
WALTER: Look to the south.
MARTIN: Is that south? I see the corn.?
WALTER: Now look to the west.
MARTIN: I can see soybeans.?
WALTER: That's right. I grow corn and beans.
MARTIN: Do you visit your mother and father??
WALTER: My wife and I visited my mother and father last year.
MARTIN: Did you visit your sister??
WALTER: No, we didn't. She visited us here.
MARTIN: Do you visit your brother??
WALTER: No, he visited us, too. We had a family reunion.
WALTER: Please sit down, Martin. Rebecca! We're here! Martin, this is my wife, Rebecca.
MARTIN: I'm happy to meet you.?
REBECCA: Thank you. How are you??
MARTIN: Fine, thanks. I like your house.?
REBECCA: The farm houses are old. Coffee??
MARTIN: Please.?
REBECCA: Walter??
WALTER: Yes, please.?
REBECCA: Did you see the farm??
MARTIN: Yes, I saw the cows and sheep.?
WALTER: We walked to the river. We talked about the family reunion.?MARTIN: I'm writing about farm families.?
REBECCA: Did you visit the Kessler family reunion??
MARTIN: Yes, I did. I visited some farms, too. May I ask some questions about your family??
REBECCA: Ok. More coffee??
MARTIN: No, thanks. Do you have brothers and sisters??
REBECCA: I have two brothers.?
MARTIN: Are they farmers??
REBECCA: One is a farmer.?
MARTIN: Where does he live??
REBECCA: He lives north of here. He has two boys.?
MARTIN: Two sons. No daughters??
REBECCA: That's right. They are very small. One son is four. One is two.?MARTIN: Where does your other brother live??
REBECCA: He lives in Chicago. He drives a truck.?

Practice 2：一般疑問句句尾用升調，陳述句句尾用降調。把下列陳述句變爲一般疑問句。
Examples: They are small.→ Are they small??
He has two boys.→ Does he have two boys??
He lives in Chicago.→ Does he live in Chicago??

會話 B?
沃爾特：我們往房子這邊走，喝點咖啡嗎??
馬 丁：好的，請。?
沃爾特：看到玉米了嗎??
馬 丁：在哪裏??
沃爾特：向南面看。?
馬 丁：那是南面嗎?我看到玉米了。?
沃爾特：再往西面看。?
馬 丁：我能看見黃豆。?
沃爾特：對了，我種玉米和大豆。?
馬 丁：你去看你的父母嗎??
沃爾特：我和妻子去年看過。?
馬 丁：你去看過你的妹妹嗎??
沃爾特：沒有，她來這兒看過我們。?
馬 丁：你去看過你的兄弟嗎??
沃爾特：沒有，也是他來看過我們。我們搞過家庭聚會。?
沃爾特：請坐，馬丁。麗貝卡，來客人了。馬丁，這是我妻子，麗貝卡。?
馬 丁：見到你很高興。?
麗貝卡：謝謝，你好嗎??
馬 丁：我很好，謝謝。我喜歡你們的房子。?
麗貝卡：農場的房子舊了。來杯咖啡嗎??
馬 丁：好的，請來一杯。?
麗貝卡：沃爾特要嗎??
沃爾特：好的，請。?
麗貝卡：你看過我們的農場了嗎??
馬 丁：看過了，我看到了牛和羊。?
沃爾特：我們步行去過河邊，我們談到了家庭聚會。
馬 丁：我正在寫有關農民家庭的報導。?
麗貝卡：你參加凱斯勒家的家庭聚會了嗎??
馬 丁：是的，我還參觀了一些家場。我可以問一些有關你家庭的問題嗎??
麗貝卡：可以，再來些咖啡??
馬 丁：不了，謝謝。你有兄弟姐妹嗎??
麗貝卡：我有兩個兄弟。?
馬 丁：他們都是農民嗎??
麗貝卡：一個是農民。?
馬 丁：他住在哪兒??
麗貝卡：他住在這兒的北面，他有兩個男孩。?
馬 丁：兩個兒子，沒有女兒嗎??
麗貝卡：是的，孩子都很小，一個4歲，一個兩歲。?
馬 丁：你的另一個兄弟在哪兒住??
麗貝卡：他住在芝加哥，他是開卡車的。
?
Conversation C?

REBECCA: Do you have a family, Martin? ?
MARTIN: Yes, I do. I have a wife and two children. Our home is in Baltimore. Do you have a large family??
WALTER: I don't.?
REBECCA: I do. My mother and father live in town. I have aunts and uncles in the East and in the West.?
MARTIN: Are your grandparents living??
REBECCA: Yes, they are.?
MARTIN: Where do they live??
REBECCA: My mother's parents live in town.
REBECCA: My father's parents live in Phoenix.?
MARTIN: Do they work??
REBECCA: No, they're retired.?
MARTIN: What do your aunts and uncles do??
REBECCA: Everything.?
WALTER: That's right.?
MARTIN: Tell me.?
REBECCA: Two aunts are teachers. One uncle is an electrician. Two, no, three uncles are farmers. One aunt is a secretary. One uncle works in a factory. More??

會話 C?
麗貝卡：馬丁，你成家了嗎??
馬 丁：是的，我有妻子和兩個孩子，家在巴爾的摩。你家裏人多嗎??
沃爾特：不多。?
麗貝卡：我家人多，我父母住在城裏，我的姑姑們和叔叔們住在東部和西部。?馬 丁：你的祖父母還健在嗎??
麗貝卡：是的。?
馬 丁：他們住在哪兒??
麗貝卡：我母親的父母住在城裏，我父親的父母住在菲尼克斯。?
馬 丁：他們工作嗎??
麗貝卡：不，他們退休了。?
馬 丁：你的姑姑們和叔叔們做什麼工作??
麗貝卡：幹什麼的都有。?
沃爾特：正是。?
馬 丁：講給我聽聽。?
麗貝卡：兩個姑姑是教師，一個叔叔是電工，兩個，不，3個叔叔是農民，一個姑姑是祕書，一個叔叔在工廠工作，還想聽嗎。?

New Words and Expressions 生詞和短語?

bean n. 豆?
move v. 遷移；搬家?
soybean n. 大豆；黃豆?
sit down v. 坐下?
retired adj. 退休的；退職的?
electrician n. 電工；電器技師?

Proper Nouns 專有名詞?

Philadelphia 費城?
Los Angeles 洛杉磯?
San Diego 地亞哥?
Chicago 芝加哥?
Phoenix 菲尼克斯?

Language Points 語言要點?

1. in the East(在東部)，to the West(在西面，向西面)，north of here(在這兒的北面)in 和 to 是英語中常用的兩個表示方位的介詞，in 含有“在……內部”的意思，介詞 to 表示“往……方向去”。故，in the East 和 in the West 是“在東部”和“在西部”的意思；to the west 意思爲“在(向)西面”。另外，文中 East 和 West 都大寫了首字母，表示是美國的東部和西部。課文中另一句有關方位的句子是 He lives north of here. 這裏的 north 是副詞，相當於 in the north。here 是名詞。?
2. stay 和 live 的區別：stay 是暫時性的居住，live 是較長期的居住。?
3. She married last year. 她去年結婚。動作是發生在過去，說明她現在的狀態是已婚了，即 She is married now. 過去時的句子表明過去的行爲。注意區別動詞的詞形變化，本課出現了幾個不規則動詞變形，請注意記憶。它們是：go→went，sit→sat，have→had。

Cultural Notes 文化註釋

美國四分之三家庭住在城市，大約百分之五弱的家庭住在農場，居住在小城市的家庭到處都是，約有5，000萬美國人住在不到2，500人的小社區內。?