想讓自己看起來更聰明？科學家說可以做這8件事
We'd all like to be smarter and more successful. But what if there were tactics you could use to make yourself seem more intelligent--regardless of your education or intelligence level?
我們都希望變得更聰明更成功。但在不考慮教育水平或智商水平的情況下，有沒有一些技巧可以讓你看起來更有智慧？
Here are eight science-backed tactics to help you do just that. Even if you'd never use them, they're good to know--in case someone else is trying to use them on you.
下面這8個小技巧可以幫助你實現夢想，而且是有科學根據的。即使你從沒嘗試過，瞭解一下也好——以防別人在你面前使用。
1. Keep your eyes open (literally). 1. 睜大你的眼睛（沒錯，就是這樣）。
Writing in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, researchers said they found people whose eyes drooped were perceived as being less intelligent. Their theory is that drooping eyes suggested depression or fatigue, both of which "adversely affect cognitive capacity."
爲《實驗心理學期刊》撰稿的研究人員表示，他們發現眼皮低垂的人們通常被視爲智力偏低。他們的結論是，下垂的眼瞼暗示着這個人的抑鬱情緒或疲倦狀態，兩種狀態都會“對認知能力大打折扣”。
2. Lose weight. 2. 減肥。
"A Czech study found that certain facial features--narrow faces, long noses, and thin chins--correlated with both perceived intelligence and attractiveness," reports The Atlantic. Barring plastic surgery, that means losing weight.
據美國《大西洋月刊》的報道，“一項捷克的研究發現，某些臉部特徵——窄臉，長鼻，瘦顴骨，都會讓人聯繫到高智商和有魅力。”但這不包括整容手術，指的是減肥。
3. Be perceived as a teetotaler. 3. 塑造滴酒不沾的形象。
Researchers at the universities of Pennsylvania and Michigan came up with this research, which they termed "the imbibing idiot bias." In short, they found that simply holding an alcoholic beverage leads people to be "perceived ... [as] ... more intelligent than those who do not."
這是來自賓西法尼亞大學和密歇根大學的研究人員的結果，他們稱之爲“吸入性白癡偏見”。簡而言之，他們發現僅僅是剋制對酒精飲品攝入的動作，能讓別人認爲“比那些不剋制的人看起來更聰明。”
4. Wear thick glasses. 4. 佩戴厚厚的眼鏡。
"Wearing eyeglasses can lead strangers to regard you as more intelligent," reports The Wall Street Journal, citing a 2011 study in the Swiss Journal of Psychology. However, the effect is most pronounced with thick glasses; wire rim or rimless glasses didn't carry the same benefit.
《華爾街期刊》引用了2011年《瑞士心理學雜誌》發表的一項研究，並對之進行報道，“佩戴眼鏡會讓陌生人覺得你更聰明。”不過，想要達到這種效果的前提是佩戴厚厚的眼鏡；金絲眼鏡或無框眼鏡則無法達到這種效果。
5. Wear a subtle smile. 5. 面帶微笑。
Similar to the findings on keeping your eyes open, the same study found that "mouth curvature"--basically a subtle smile--suggested increased intelligence.
跟“睜大眼睛”的研究相似，該研究也發現了“嘴巴上揚的弧度”——主要是微笑——暗示增強的智慧水平。
"People over generalise in judging those with droopy eyelids and a frown as being tired and having a low mood, both of which have a well-documented detrimental effect on cognitive performance," the study's lead author told the Independent newspaper.
“人們常常把下垂的眼皮和皺眉頭過度歸類爲心情不好的表現，這兩種臉部特徵都對其認知表現帶來明顯的不利影響。”該項研究的首席作者如是告訴《獨立報》的記者。
6. Never swear. 6. 永不發誓。
Harris Interactive surveyed 5,800 hiring managers and workers about their attitudes toward people who swear. Result: 54 percent said they thought swearing made people seem less intelligent. Larger percentages said it also made them seem less professional, and called into question their control and maturity.
哈里斯民意調查公司對5,800位招聘經理和工作人員進行了問卷調查，瞭解他們對於常常發誓的人的看法。百分之五十四的受訪者表示，常常發誓會讓人看起來不那麼聰明。更大的比重顯示，這樣還會讓他們顯得不夠專業，還有可能讓別人對其自制力與成熟程度產生懷疑。
7. Make eye contact and look directly at people. 7. 眼神交流與直視他人。
Nora A. Murphy, an associate professor of psychology at Loyola Marymount University in Los Angeles, has done extensive research in this area, which suggests that "one of the strongest and most accurate signs of intelligence is looking at others when you are speaking to them," she told The Wall Street Journal. "And put away that phone."
Nora A. Murphy是洛杉磯洛約拉馬利蒙特大學的心理學副教授，她在這方面進行過大量的研究。研究顯示“最強大又最到位的智力表現特徵就是在跟他人交談的時候看着對方。”她如是告訴《華爾街期刊》的記者。“還有，收起你的手機。”
8. Speak clearly and pleasantly. 8.清晰且愉快的口頭表達。
Some people try to use big words or confusing manners of speech to make themselves seem more intelligent. It turns out that's exactly the wrong thing to do. Instead, be as clear as possible in your communication.
有些人說話的時候會使用“大詞”或一些語義不清的修辭手法，想讓自己顯得更聰明。但實際證明這完全是錯誤的做法。相反，你應該儘可能清晰地表達出來。
The research behind this claim comes from the journal Applied Cognitive Psychology, and its authors must have a sense of irony. The title they came up with for their article?
這個論點來自《應用心理學》期刊的研究，並且這項研究的作者們肯定在諷刺着什麼。你知道他們的研究題目是什麼嗎？
"Consequences of Erudite Vernacular Utilized Irrespective of Necessity: Problems With Using Long Words Needlessly."
就是——“博學本土語亂用的後果：使用不必要長單詞的問題研究”。
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