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託福閱讀高分技巧之複雜的簡單句

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託福閱讀高分技巧有很多,對於複雜的簡單句的理解技巧就更多了。複雜的簡單句最考驗考生的基本語法知識,能夠充分理解複雜的簡單句能夠極大地幫助到大家對文章的理解。

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託福閱讀高分技巧之複雜的簡單句

1.簡單句定義:如果句子只包含一個主謂結構,句子各個成分都只由單詞或短語表示。

2. 複雜的簡單句的分析方法:對於難度較大的簡單句,閱讀的基本方法是確定句子的主、謂、賓,找出句子的主幹,忽略其他的成分,將長句變成短句,將句型結構複雜的句子變成句型結構簡單的句子。

3. 複雜的簡單句解析:

(1)不定式及不定式短語做主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語

例 hold people accountable for their actions is important.

中文譯文:督促人們爲自己的行爲負責是十分重要的。

結構分析:不定式短語to hold people accountable for their action 做主語。

(2)動名詞及動名詞短語做主語、表語、賓語

例2. It involves probing for deeply rooted concerns, devising creative so lutions,and making trade-offs and compromises where interests are opposed.

中文譯文:它涉及到探究深層次的關注,想出有創造性的解決方案,以及當利益矛盾時,做出交易和妥協。

結構分析:這是一個簡單句。主語是it,謂語是involves,三個動名詞短語做賓語(屬於平行結構)。在閱讀中經常出現“a and b”或“a or b”的形式,其中a 與b 同義或近義,所以只要認識其中一個詞就能猜測出另一個詞的大致意思。例如:trade-off and compromises。

(3)後置定語

例3. The most common procedure for doing this is negotiation,the act of communication intended to reach agreement.

中文譯文:做這件事最常用的方法是談判,一種想要達成一致的交流的行爲。

結構分析:The most common procedure for doing this 是主語從句;過去分詞短語intended to reach agreement 是the act of communication 的後置定語,the act of communication intended to reach agreement 是negotiation的同位語,對negotiation 進行解釋。

託福閱讀長難句100句:建築學結構

In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet itspurpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them——evenwhile building materials have changed dramatically.(44)

大家先自己理解,多想想,先別看解析,看不明白,再看下面的解析。

(In order for the structure) (to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose), architecture employs methods of support that, (because they are based on physical laws), have changed little since people first discovered them—— (even while building materials have changed dramatically. )

老邪分析:一個句子重點在於主幹,看懂了主幹,就看懂了句子的主要成分。以下主幹爲句子中紅色部分,括號裏均是修飾成分。

修飾一:(In order for the structure),介詞短語

修飾二:(to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose),非謂語做形容詞性修飾structure

修飾三:(because they are based on physical laws),插入語,插入語記得先跳過去,斷句別出問題,that和have changed是在一起的。

(老師,啥叫插入語?嗯,好問題,改天我專門講講這些概念。上過課並認真聽的同學,你懂的。)

修飾四:(that have changed little sincepeople first discovered them.從句修飾support

修飾五:(even while building materials have changed dramatically. ),從句

括號外面的是主幹:architectureemploys methods of support,注意support這裏是名詞。

已經拆成這麼短了,你再試試看,應該能看懂了吧?其實在理解句子的時候比較容易犯錯在於斷句和語序,語序和中文有差異,下次我講修飾成分的時候一併講。

參考翻譯:爲了使結構達到必要的大小和強度去滿足它的目的,建築學上使用了一些支撐的方法,因爲這些方法都是基於物理定律,所以儘管建築材料已經發生了巨大變化,這些方法卻自人們發現它們以來就沒有什麼變化。

託福閱讀長難句100句:舞蹈動作

大家在看長難句的時候,多思考,一個句子爲什麼這麼長,常見的修飾成分到底有哪些?其實不多,連詞、非謂語動詞、介詞以及同位語或插入語。

今天我們來看這樣一個句子:

Fuller devised a type of dance that focused on the shifting play of lights and colors on the voluminous skirts or draperies she wore, which she kept in constant motion principally through movements of her arms, sometimes extended with wands concealed under her costumes. (44, OG)

voluminous/v?'l?m?n?s/adj.(指衣物)用料多的, 寬鬆的, 肥大的;

drapery/'drep?ri/n.布料

wand/wɑnd/ n. 棍; 棒; 杖; (尤指小仙子或魔術師用的)魔杖

costume/'kɑstum/ n. 服裝, 服裝式樣

Fuller devised a type of dance (that focused on the shifting play of lights and colors on the voluminous skirts or draperies she wore), (which she kept in constant motion principally through movements of her arms), (sometimes extended with wands concealed under her costumes).

分析:

修飾一:(that focused on the shifting play of lights and colors on the voluminous skirts or draperies she wore),從句,修飾dance,大家注意skirts or draperies (she wore)這裏還有一個從句哦。

中文:專注於燈光的變換和她所穿寬鬆的裙子或布料顏色

修飾二:(which she kept in constant motion principally through movements of her arms),從句,修飾前面skirts or draperies,其實是keep skirts or draperies inconstant motion…

中文:她主要通過手臂的移動使裙子或布料保持連續的移動

修飾三:(sometimes extended with wands concealed under her costumes),非謂語動詞,修飾arms。主要這裏with wands (concealed under her costumes)中concealed under her costumes修飾wands

中文:有時候手臂由於隱藏在衣服下面的手杖而變長

主幹:括號外面的,Fullerdevised a type of dance

參考翻譯:Fuller設計了一種(專注於燈光的變換和她所穿寬鬆的裙子或布料顏色)的舞蹈,在舞蹈中,她主要通過手臂的移動使裙子或布料保持連續的移動,有時候手臂由於隱藏在衣服下面的手杖而變長。

這個句子的主要修飾成分就是從句和非謂語動詞,大家務必想清楚,每一個修飾成分修飾的是什麼,才能看清楚這個句子的結構。

託福閱讀長難句100句:舞蹈藝術

閱讀速度大部分來於短時間內理解長難句的能力。

大家在看長難句的時候,多思考,一個句子爲什麼這麼長,常見的修飾成分到底有哪些?其實不多,連詞、非謂語動詞、介詞以及同位語或插入語,上過課的同學懂得。

大家別急,把一句一句弄明白,弄懂一個句子勝過模糊看懂十個句子。希望大家認真看我的分析。

今天我們來看這樣一個句子:

Her dancing also attracted the attention of French poets and painters of the period, for it appealed to their liking for mystery, their belief in art for art’s sake, a nineteenth-century idea that art is valuable in itself rather than because it may have some moral or educational benefit, and their efforts to synthesize form and content. (57, OG)

appeal v.懇求,呼籲;(對某人)有吸引力~to sb; (使某人)感興趣;上訴

for one’s sake爲了…的緣故

synthesize/?s?nθ??sa?z/v. 合成,綜合

這裏是分界線,先自己分析哦。

Her dancing also attracted the attention (of French poets and painters) (of the period), (for it appealed to their liking for mystery, their belief in art for art’s sake, (a nineteenth-century idea that art is valuable in itself rather than because it may have some moral or educational benefit),and their efforts to synthesize form and content.)

老邪分析:

修飾一:(of French poets and painters),介詞短語,修飾the attention。大家注意英文喜歡把修飾成分放在後面,這個很重要。

中文:法國詩人和花季。

修飾二:(of the period) ,介詞短語,修飾French poets and painters,也是放在後面哦。

修飾三:(a nineteenth-century idea that art is valuable in itself rather than because it may have some moral or educational benefit),同位語,用來解釋說明前面的belief,這個同位語語放在這裏分割了原句,大家斷句的時候要注意。

中文:一個19世紀的思想:藝術本身比它所帶來的道德或教育利益更有價值。

修飾四:(for it appealed to their liking for mystery, their belief in art for art’s sake , and their efforts to synthesize formand content.),從句,表示原因,大家注意我把同位語去掉了(因爲不重要),這樣更能看清重要內容。這裏有一個並列結構,是一個A, B, and C結構,不知道大家在看的時候有沒有看出來,A= their liking for mystery,B= their belief in art for art’ssake,C= their efforts to synthesize form and content,插入語解釋B。

中文:因爲它吸引了他們對於神祕的喜好、他們爲藝術而藝術的信仰以及他們把形式和內容融合到一起所作的努力

主幹:括號外面的,Her dancing also attracted the attention

參考翻譯:

她的舞蹈還吸引了當時法國一些詩人和畫家的注意,因爲它吸引了他們對於神祕的喜好、他們爲藝術而藝術的信仰(這是一個19世紀的思想:藝術本身比它所帶來的道德或教育利益更有價值)以及他們把形式和內容融合到一起所作的努力。

這個句子的主要修飾成分就是從句和同位語,大家務必想清楚,每一個修飾成分修飾的是什麼,才能看清楚這個句子的結構。

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