毒蘑菇讓難民的歐洲之路愈發艱險
Migrants streaming into Europe have braved fierce storms, navigated turbulent waters, faced down police batons, water cannons and tear gas in Hungary, and stepped through fields in Croatia strewn with land mines.
不斷涌入歐洲的難民要承受猛烈的暴風雨，渡過湍急的海域，抵擋匈牙利警察的警棒、水炮和催淚彈，通過克羅地亞佈滿地雷的區域。
Now some of the asylum seekers headed toward Western and Central Europe face another worry: toxic mushrooms.
現在，有些前往西歐和中歐的難民還面臨着另一個顧慮：毒蘑菇。
Hanover Medical School, an academic hospital in north-central Germany, warned this week that about 30 migrants had been sickened — some of them severely — after eating mushrooms commonly called death caps.
漢諾威醫學院(Hanover Medical School)是德國中北部的一個學術醫院。本週，該醫學院發出警告說，約有30名難民在食用一種俗稱死亡帽(death cap)的蘑菇後中毒，其中一些情況嚴重。
The hospital made and distributed posters in Arabic, Kurdish and other languages cautioning migrants to avoid the fungus, which is native to Europe and can cause fatal liver and kidney damage. On Thursday, similar cases of mushroom poisoning were reported in Münster, about 110 miles west of Hanover. A dozen patients remained hospitalized on Thursday, three in critical condition, Dr. Michael P. Manns, chairman of the department of gastroenterology, hepatology and endocrinology at Hanover Medical School, said in an email.
這家醫院用阿拉伯語和庫爾德語等語言製作和發放傳單，警告難民不要食用這種蘑菇。這種歐洲土產的蘑菇會對肝臟和腎臟造成致命損傷。週四（9月17日），類似的蘑菇中毒病例也出現在漢諾威以西約110英里的明斯特(Münster)。漢諾威醫學院的腸胃病、肝臟病和內分泌科主任邁克爾·P·曼內斯(Michael P. Manns)在接受郵件採訪時說，週四，仍有十幾名中毒者在醫院接受治療，其中三名情況危急。
Desperate migrants traveling for days with little to eat may have resorted to foraging for food as they made their way across Europe, where they hope to find asylum.
難民們穿越歐洲尋找避難所時，可能旅行數日都幾乎沒有進食，所以會在絕望之中搜尋食物。
“Do not collect mushrooms, if you are unfamiliar with edible growing mushrooms here,” the Hanover hospital warned in the poster. “A mushroom you regard from your homeland as a delicious edible mushroom could be deadly here although they look similar.”
“如果你不熟悉本地正在生長的食用菌，一定不要採集，”漢諾威醫院在傳單中警告說，“有些蘑菇可能跟你在祖國看到的美味食用菌很像，但它們可能有劇毒。”
The death cap (Amanita phalloides) resembles several varieties of edible mushrooms, making it particularly dangerous to people who are unfamiliar with the local terrain. The mushroom is found across much of Europe and in the United States, California in particular. And right now it is in the middle of its three-month growing season in Europe.
死亡帽（毒鵝膏菌）與好幾種食用菌很像，所以對那些不熟悉當地情況的人來說，它尤爲危險。這種蘑菇在歐洲和美國（尤其是加利福尼亞州）的很多地方都能找到。目前，它在歐洲正處於三個月的生長期。
“Since this fungus has no repellent taste and the first symptoms occur only after several hours, the risk of getting sick form its consumption is extremely high,” the hospital said. It urged anyone who had eaten mushrooms and later experienced nausea, diarrhea or other symptoms to head to the nearest hospital.
這家醫院表示，“因爲這種蘑菇沒有難聞的味道，食用數小時後纔會出現症狀，所以它的中毒風險很大。”這家醫院敦促所有食用蘑菇後出現嘔吐或腹瀉等症狀的人前往最近的醫院就醫。
The death cap is an invasive species in the United States. It typically poisons a few people a year in California, often immigrants from Southeast Asia who confuse it with paddy straw mushrooms from their homelands, according to Anne Pringle, a biologist at the University of Wisconsin, Madison, who studies toxic mushrooms.
死亡帽在美國屬於外來物種。威斯康星大學麥迪遜分校(University of Wisconsin, Madison)專門研究有毒傘菌的生物學家安妮·普林格爾(Anne Pringle)說，每年加州一般會有數人中毒，大多是東南亞移民，他們把它跟老家的草菇弄混了。
