美國指責土耳其等盟友購買ISIS石油

The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (Isis) is earning as much as $1m a day through the sale of oil to some of its biggest enemies: middlemen from Turkey, Iraq’s Kurdish community and the regime of Bashar al-Assad, according to the US remarks – made in a speech to the Carnegie Foundation on Wednesday by undersecretary for terrorism and financial intelligence David Cohen – are likely to raise eyebrows in a region where questions are already being asked over Ankara’s commitment to fighting Isis and Kurdish fighters are battling to avoid being over-run by the jihadis in the Syrian city of Kobani.“We have made our position very clear on this issue. Both Minister of Foreign Affairs Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu and Minister of Energy Taner Yıldız have repeatedly denied that oil has been sold by [Isis] to Turkey,” said Tanju Bilgiç, the ministry of foreign affairs spokesperson.“We expect our allies to share with us intelligence rather than publicly accuse Turkey. Turkey fights the smuggling of oil with determination [and] confiscated 78m litres of smuggled oil last year.”Iraqi Kurdish officials also issued strong denials. “We have never heard accusations of [the government] being involved. The KRG [Kurdistan Regional Government] doesn’t buy oil from anyone – we sell it. We produce about 150,000 bpd [barrels per day] and even more than that is refined,” said Eizzat Sabir, an MP in the KRG added that there were reports of soldiers helping middlemen sell petrol into Isis-controlled areas. “Right now there are two soldiers who have been arrested over this and are being investigated,” he Cohen’s speech amounts to one of the most detailed official and public assessments of Isis financial strength to date – and underscores the extent to which its brutal zealotry is underwritten by pragmatic methods to boost its power and gh western intelligence officials have long-described the group as the most financially powerful terrorist organisation they have ever confronted, exact details on the jihadi group’s financial clout, and the sources of its wealth, have so far been rarely provided in public.

美國財政部(Treasury)表示，通過向部分最大敵手出售石油，“伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯蘭國”(Isis)每天能獲得高達100萬美元的利潤。這些購買ISIS石油的人們包括來自土耳其、伊拉克庫爾德人社區和巴沙爾•阿薩德(Bashar al- Assad)政權的中間人。以上這種說法是美國財政部負責反恐和金融情報事務的副部長戴維•科恩(David Cohen)在卡內基國際和平研究院(Carnegie Endowment For International Peace)的一個講話中發表的，它很可能會引發該地區人們的不快。在當地，已經有人對土耳其政府抗擊ISIS的決心提出了質疑。與此同時，在敘利亞的科巴尼鎮，庫爾德武裝力量正在激烈戰鬥，以避免被這些聖戰分子趕出該鎮。土耳其外交部發言人坦茹•比爾吉奇(Tanju Bilgiç)表示：“對於這個問題，我們已非常明確地表達了我們的立場。土耳其外交部長梅夫呂特•恰武什奧盧(Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu)和能源部長塔內爾•耶爾德茲(Taner Yıldız)都曾反覆重申，土耳其並未購買過（ISIS的）石油。”“我們希望我們的盟國應分享他們獲得的情報，而不是公開指責土耳其。土耳其一直在堅決打擊石油走私，去年曾沒收了7800萬升走私石油。”伊拉克庫爾德官員也對這種說法予以強烈否認。庫爾德斯坦地區政府(KRG)議員埃塞特•薩比爾(Eizzat Sabir)表示：“我們從來沒聽到過有關（政府）曾參與此事的指控。KRG從未從任何人手裏購買石油——我們是出售石油的。我們每天會生產大約15萬桶石油，我們提煉的石油更多。”他補充說，曾有報道稱有士兵幫助中間人將汽油銷往ISIS控制的地區。他說：“目前，有兩名士兵因此事被捕，此案正在調查之中。”到目前爲止，科恩的說法差不多是官方對ISIS經濟實力的公開評估中最具細節的一個。也從一個方面表明了ISIS的務實程度，他們用十分實用的方式擴充其擁有的資源，提升其影響力，併爲其野蠻的狂熱行爲保駕護航。