科學發現：憋尿讓人更明智
Researchers discovered the brain's self-control mechanism provides restraint in all areas at once。
They found people with a full bladder were able to better control and "hold off" making important, or expensive, decisions, leading to better judgement。
Psychologists from the University of Twente in the Netherlands linked bladder control to the same part of the brain that activates feelings of desire and reward。
The study, published in the journal Psychological Science, also concluded that just thinking about words related to urination triggered the same effect。
Dr Mirjam Tuk, who led the study, said that the brain's "control signals" were not task specific but result in an "unintentional increase" in control over other tasks。
"People are more able to control their impulses for short term pleasures and choose more often an option which is more beneficial in the long run," she said。
In her study, Dr Tuk asked volunteers to drink either five cups of water containing 750 milliliters or take small sips of water from five separate cups。
They were asked to make eight choices ranging from small, and immediate, rewards to larger, but delayed, ones including choosing to receive either $16 tomorrow or $30 in 35 days。
They concluded that people with full bladders were better at holding out for the larger rewards later。
"You seem to make better decisions when you have a full bladder," said Dr Tuk。
"Maybe you should drink a bottle of water before making a decision about your stock portfolio."
"Or perhaps stores that count on impulse buys should keep a bathroom available to customers, since they might be more willing to go for the television with a bigger screen when they have an empty bladder."科學發現：憋尿讓人更明智
研究人員發現大腦的自控機制能讓所有部分同時受到抑制。
他們發現人在憋尿的情況下自控能力更強，“拖延”做重要或花銷大的決定，避免衝動之下倉促做決定。
荷蘭特文特大學的心理學家們認爲大腦控制膀胱的部分和管理各種願望和獎勵的是同一部分。
這項發表在《心理科學》期刊上的研究稱浮想任何有關排尿的單詞也能產生類似的效果。
主導此研究的米利安•圖克博士稱大腦的“控制信號”並非因事而異，而是對所有功能項目都“不覺加強”控制。
她說：“這樣人們能夠控制對短期愉悅的強烈需求，而做出長遠看來更爲有益的決定。”
圖克博士要求志願者要麼飲用750毫升的水，或者五杯累計等量的水。
然後讓他們做八道選擇題，有的獎勵較小但發放即時，有的獎勵豐厚但需耐心等待，其中一道題讓他們選擇是願意第二天得到16美元，還是願意35天后得到30美元。
圖克博士說：“結果表明人在憋尿時更能做明智的決定。”
“或許你在購買股票前可以先喝一瓶水。商店若是想要顧客衝動下掏錢，最好配備洗手間，因爲他們一身輕鬆時，更願意花錢買個屏幕更大的電視。”
