历史今天:生物圈二号(9.26)
【英文原文】
Biosphere 2 is a 3.15-acre (12,700 m2)[1] structure originally built to be a man-made, materially-closed ecological system in Oracle, Arizona (USA) by Space Biosphere Ventures, a joint venture whose principal officers were John P. Allen, inventor and Executive Director, and Margret Augustine, CEO. Constructed between 1987 and 1991, it was used to explore the complex web of interactions within life systems in a structure that included five areas based on natural biomes and an agricultural area and human living/working space to study the interactions between humans, farming and technology with the rest of nature.[2] It also explored the possible use of closed biospheres in space colonization, and allowed the study and manipulation of a biosphere without harming Earth's. The name comes from Earth’s biosphere, Biosphere 1, Earth's life system and the only biosphere currently known. Funding for the project came primarily from the joint venture’s financial partner, Ed Bass' Decisions Investment, and cost $200 million from 1985 to 2007, including land, support research greenhouses, test module and staff facilities.
【中文译文】
生物圈二号（Biosphere 2）位于美国亚利桑那州图森市南部的Oracle地区，是爱德华·P·巴斯及其他人员主持建造的人造封闭生态系统。占地1.3万平方米，大约有8层楼高，为圆顶形密封钢架结构玻璃建筑物。“生物圈二号”建造于1987年到1989年之间，它被用于测试人类是否能在以及如何在一个封闭的生物圈中生活和工作，也探索了在未来的太空殖民中封闭生态系统可能的用途。“生物圈二号”使得人们能在不伤害地球的前提下，对生物圈进行研究与控制。“生物圈二号”的名字来源于它的原始模型“生物圈一号”，即地球。
