英語寫作中的句子有什麼要求
寫作是英語考試的必考項目，要想提高自己的英語寫作能力，平時的積累和掌握很重要。下面是小編給大家分享的寫作技巧，大家可以作爲參考。
1.完整性(Unity)
完整性是英語句子寫作的第一要素，它既指結構上的完整，又指意義上的完整。首先從結構上來看，無論是簡單句、並列句還是複合句，都必須有完整的句子成分。
Original: Calling home twice a week when一was at school.(分析:缺乏主語。)Revised: I called home twice a week when I was at school.
Original: Walking along the river in the Indian summer relaxing both my body and mymind.(分析:缺乏謂語。)
Revised: Walking along the river in the Indian summer will relax me physically andMentally.
Original: Many students go to school and live at home. In this way combining theadvantages of both school and home.(分析:誤將分詞短語作爲一個獨立的句子。)Revised: Many students go to school and live at home, in this way combining the advantagesof both school and home.
Original: The pulp of pumpkins is also used in making pumpkin pie. A traditionalThanksgiving dish in America.(分析:誤將名詞短語作爲一個獨立的句子。)Revised: The pulp of pumpkins is also used in making pumpkin pie that is a traditionalThanksgiving dish in America.(說明:也可將原句中第一個句號變逗號，構成同位語。)其次，從意義上看，一個完整的句子所表達的意思應該是完整的，而不是殘缺不全的。
請閱讀下面佛山韋博英語學校準備的兩組例句。
Original: Born in a small town in North China in the early 1960s, he grew up to be a veryfamous novelist.(分析:信息缺失造成句子之間缺少邏輯聯繫。)Revised: He was born in a small town in North China in the early 1960s, His father read hima lot of novels when he was a little boy. Under his father's influence, he grew up to be a veryfamous novelist in 1980s.
Original: Nowadays, Bicycles are so popular.(分析:信息缺失造成句子表達不準確。)Revised: Nowadays, Bicycles are so popular in China that almost every family has atleast one.
2.連貫性(Coherence)
連貫性是指句子中的詞語和組成部分應恰當地銜接，它們之間的關係應十分清楚，句子的表述應該是通暢合理的。
Original: Looking out of the window, a group of students are playing happily on thegrassland.(分析:分詞的邏輯主語與全句的主語不一致。)Revised: Looking out of the window, he saw a group of students playing happily on theGrassland.
Original: My father told him that he had gained a very important lesson just now.(分析:代詞指代不明確。)
Revised: My father told him，“You have gained a very important lesson just now.”
Original :A man should not he judged by what he says but by his deeds.(分析:平行結構不平行。)
Revised: A man should not be judged by what he says but by what he doesOriginal: The plan we prepared at first sounded good.(分析:修飾語和被修飾語的關係不明確。)
Revised: The plan we first prepared sounded good. /The plan we prepared sounded good atfirst.
Original: Students should learn to analyze and solve the problem independently. Don'talways rely on your teachers' help.(分析:人稱上混亂。)Revised: Students should learn to analyze and solve the problem independently. They shouldnot always rely on their teachers' help.
Original: Between the two windows hang a picture.(分析:單複數上混亂。)Revised: Between the two windows hangs a picture.
3.簡潔性(Conciseness)
只要意思充分地表達了，用詞越少越好。佛山韋博英語學校提醒寫作者在寫完一篇文章之後，比較好仔細檢查一兩遍，看看有沒有一些詞句可以刪去而又不影響意思的表達。
Original: Annabelle is a very charming woman.
Revised: Annabelle is very charming.
Original: He is a boy who is twelve year, old.
Revised: He is twelve.
Original: In my opinion, I think we should take effective measures to stop environmentalpollution.
Revised: In my opinion, we should take effective measures to stop environmental pollution.
Original: My father is very particular about the wine and he only drinks the wine that isproduced in France.
Revised: My father is very particular about the wine and he only drinks French wine.
Original: Helena, who is a freshman in Peking University, goes to the lake every morningwhere she will read aloud
Revised: Helena. a freshman in Peking University, goes一。the lake every morning to readaloud.
4.強調性(Emphasis)
凡是重要的意思都應在表達時予以突出。說話時人們可以通過提高聲音、放慢語速、加上手勢等方法來表示強調;而在寫文章時，佛山韋博英語學校提醒大家也可通過使用各種強調手段讓思想表達得更加透徹有力。
(1)助動詞do (does, did)用於加強陳述句和祈使句的語氣。
例句A: The letter I was expecting塑arrive yesterday.我期待的那封信昨天終於到了。
例句B:Do come to visit us, if you are free.有空的時候一定要來啊。
(2)用形容詞very, every, only, single, such等修飾名詞來加強語氣。
例句A: That's the very textbook we used last term.這正是我們上學期用過的教材。
例句B: You are the only person here who can speak French.你是這裏罕有的會講法語的人。
(3)用ever, so, such，never, very, just, badly，really, definitely等副詞進行強調。
例句A: This is just what I wanted.這正是我所要的。
例句B: I really don't know what to do next.我的確不知道下一步該怎麼做。
(4)用in the world, under the sun, on earth, in hell,at all 等介詞短語進行強調。
例句A: Where in the world could he be?他到底會在哪兒?
例句B: Are you worried about the forecast at all ?你對這項預報沒有絲毫擔心嗎?
(5)用感嘆句來表達強烈的感情，突出說話人的喜怒哀樂。
例句A: How interesting a story it is!這是一個多麼有趣的故事啊!
例句B: Oh, what a lie!啊，真是彌天大謊!
(6)用重複來進行強調。
例句A: Why! Why! The cage is empty!爲什麼!爲什麼!籠子是空的。
例句B: They walked for miles and miles.他們走了好多好多里路。
(7)用破折號、黑體字、大寫或斜體字進行強調。
例句A: I agree with every word you've said一every single word.我同意你說的每句話—每一個字。(every single和破折號共同運用，增強了強調的效果。)例句B: It's YOUR task, Anna.，to escort this officer to the frontier.安娜，把這個軍官護送到邊境去是你的任務。
(8)用否定或雙重否定的形式表示肯定的意思，以加強語氣。
例句A: One can't he too careful with work.一個人無論怎樣認真地對待工作都不過分。
例句B: There is no pain so great that time will not soften.沒有時間不能撫平的傷痛。
(9)用比較級、高級或類似的用法進行強調。
例句A: That is the best meal I have ever tasted.那是我吃過的比較好吃的飯。
例句B: To invent a lie about my mistake is the last thing I will do.編造說言掩蓋自己的錯誤是我不願意做的事情。
(10)用層進法進行強調。層進法就是在一定的句子成分後面加上let alone, not tomention, not to speak of, to say nothing of等附加語,以強調後面的事物。
例句A: Those days, we could not send our children to middle school, let alone college.那時候，我們連送孩子上中學都負擔不起，更不要說上大學了。
例句B: He can not speak English, to say nothing of French.他連英語都不會說，更別提法語了。
(11)用If條件句來進行強調。主句通常是"I don’一know who (what, etc.)does/is/has, etc.”“nobody (everybody, etc.)does/is/has, etc.”或“it be…’等。
例句A: If you can't do it. I don't know who can.要是你做不了這件事，我不知道還誰能做。
例句B: If there is one thing she loves, it is money.如果說(世界上)還有她愛的東西，那便是金錢。
(12)用it引導強調句型。
例句A: It was we who held a League meeting in the club yesterday，是我們昨天在俱樂部召開了一次團會。(強調主語，是我們而不是其他人。)例句B:It was in the club that we held a League meeting yesterday.我們昨天是在俱樂部召開了一次團會。(強調地點，是在俱樂部而不是在禮堂或其他地方。)(13)用what引導強調句型、這種結構只能用來強調句中的主語或賓語。
例句A: What Mrs. Calder is proud of is her son's success，卡爾德夫人引以爲傲的是她兒子的成功。(強調介詞賓語。)例句B: What made his mother sad was his had manner.使他母親傷心的是他那種惡劣的態度。(強調主語。)(14)用倒裝句進行強調。佛山韋博英語學校爲考生整理的倒裝有，可分爲將整個謂語置於主語之前的全部倒裝(full inversion)和僅將助動詞、情態動詞或be動詞等功能詞置於主語之前的部分倒裝(partial inversion)。
例句A: Save him she could not; but she avenged him in the most terrible fashion afterwards,她沒有辦法挽救他，但她終以一種可怕的方式爲他報了仇。
例句B: Never before have we seen such a sight.以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。
5.多樣性(Variety)
一篇好的文章必須要有多樣化的句式，否則文章就會顯得單調、枯燥。不同長度、不同結構及不同類型句子的交替使用。會讓文章頓時生動起來。下而佛山韋博英語學校來介紹幾種基本方法和句式。
(I)長短句交替使用。
例句:Then, suddenly, all of the young people were up out of their seats, screaming andshouting and crying, doing small dances of joy. All except Vingo.突然之間，所有的年輕人都從座位上躍起.他們尖叫、大喊.有些人跳起了歡樂的舞。除了文戈。(點評:21個詞的長句把喧鬧的氣氛渲染到更好後，僅3個詞的短句令沸騰場而頓時凝固，但卻回味無窮。)(2)使用連接詞合併簡單句。
Original: The teacher is deeply attracted by the movie. The students are deeply attracted bythe movie. too.
Revised: Not only the teacher but also the students are deeply attracted by the movie.
(3)使用從句將簡單句變爲複合句。
Original: He studied civil engineering there. He wanted to build a highway for his homevillage in the future. He loved his village very much.
Revised: He chose civil engineering as his major because one of his dreams was to build a highway for his home village, which he dearly loved.
(4)使用There be句型。
例句A: There will be abundant evidence to prove his innocence.大量的證據能證明他是無辜的。
例句B: There seems to be an irreversible trend in the replacement of mineral oil as the main power of automobile.對汽車礦油能源的替代似乎成爲不可逆轉的趨勢。
(5)使用以介詞、副詞或數詞作句首的句型。
例句A: With the rapid development of global communication, cultural shock has become an obstacle in front of those who live or study in a foreign country whose culture is quite different from their own.隨着全球交流的快速發展，文化衝擊已經成爲在完全不同文化背景下居住和學習的外國人所面臨的一個障礙。
例句B: Undoubtedly, the gap between the poor and the rich has become much wider than before.毫無疑問，貧富差距已經變得比以前更大了。
(6)使用以形容詞或分詞作句首的句型。
例句A: Born in a poor family, he knew how hard life would he without money.出生在貧困家庭，他知道沒有錢生活會突得多麼艱難。
例句B: Disappointed completely with what he has done, Francis decided to split with him without any delay.對他的所作所爲太失望了.弗朗西斯決定立刻和他斷絕關係。
(7)使用it形式主語或形式賓語句型。
例句A: It is apparent/obvious/evident that effective meaures should he taken to solve theproblem of heavy traffic in Beijing to pave the way for the coming 2008 Olympic Games，很顯然，應該採取有效措施來解決北京的交通擁堵問題，以便爲2008年奧運會做好準備。
例句B: The dusty air makes it difficult to get a clear picture of space.含太多塵埃的空氣使人們難以拍攝到清晰的太空照片。
(8)使用同位語結構。
例句A: I plan to spend my holiday in Hawaii, the beautiful tropical islands with luxurious entertainment.我計劃在夏威夷這座充滿奢華錢樂的美麗的熱帶島嶼度假。
例句B: Michael Douglas. an actor, producer and husband of Catherine Zeta Jones, is one of the biggest box-office draws in the 1980s and 1990s.邁克爾·道格拉斯，這位演員、製片人，以及凱瑟琳·澤塔·瓊斯的丈夫，成爲20世紀80到90年代比較具有票房價值的藝人之一。
(9)使用獨立結構。
例句A: The question being settled, we went home. 問題解決後.我們回家了。
例句B: He came out of the hank hurriedly, with a big envelope under his arm.他匆匆走出銀行，腋下夾着一個大信封。(用with或without引導的獨立結構不但可以用分詞,還可以用不定式、形容i司、介詞短語、副詞或名詞等形式。)
(10)用其他方法增強句子的多樣性。
Original: The days when we suffered from oppression and exploitation arc gone.(分析:這樣表達雖然文字通順.但語意不很突出。)Revised: Gone are the days when we suffered from oppression and exploitation.(點評:採用倒裝句式後，充分體現出受剝削受壓迫的人民解放後揚眉吐氣的心情。)Original: When you turn on TV, you will，a lot of advertisements on it.(分析:此句沒有任何語法錯誤，但總給人一種句式平淡、缺乏力量的感覺。)
