醫生解釋:人工智能將改善醫患關係

Despite all of the talk about whether artificial intelligence algorithms will replace doctors, Eric Topol isn't worried. Topol is a cardiologist at the Scripps Research Institute, a geneticist, and the author of several books about the future of health care.

儘管大家都在談論人工智能算法或將取代醫生，但艾瑞克·託波爾（Eric Topol）並不擔心。託波爾是斯克裏普斯研究所（Scripps Research）的一名心臟病專家，也是一位遺傳學家，同時還寫了幾本關於醫療保健未來的書籍。

His newest book is called Deep Medicine: How Artificial Intelligence Can Make Healthcare Human Again (out now from Basic Books). Topol argues that humans will always crave the bond of being cared for by other humans and that AI can help enhance that bond and bring it back - if doctors are willing to stand up to business interests.

《深度醫學：人工智能使醫療保健再次人性化》（Deep Medicine: How Artificial Intelligence Can Make Healthcare Human Again）是他的新作（由基本圖書公司出版）。託波爾認爲，人類總是渴望得到他人的關心，人工智能有助於增強這種聯繫，使其再度出現--前提是醫生經得起商業利益的誘惑。

The Verge spoke to Topol about how health care works today, health privacy concerns in the age of AI, and the importance of physician activism. This interview has been lightly edited for clarity.

The Verge雜誌與託波爾對話，談論醫療保健在當今社會的運轉、人工智能時代的健康隱私問題，以及醫生積極主動的重要性。爲清楚起見，我們對這次採訪加以略微編輯。

Before we talk about how AI will affect health care and the patient-doctor relationship, can you tell me what that relationship looks like right now?

在我們探討人工智能對醫療保健和對醫患關係的影響前，您能先說說這種關係的現狀嗎？

The relationship has deteriorated. It's actually dreadful. The patient is short-changed because you get so little time with your doctor and also don't even get eye contact out of that little bit of time. And it's not just time. It's the distraction of doctors serving as data clerks. You're not going to be a good listener in that case. Doctors are terribly disenchanted and disillusioned and burned out and depressed.

這種關係已經惡化，已到了可怕的境地。患者受到了欺騙，因爲患者與醫生相處的時間很少，而且在這麼短的時間內，患者也無法與醫生進行眼神交流。不僅僅是時間問題。醫生需要不停的處理數據，從而導致注意力分散。在這種情況下，醫生無法成爲一個好的傾聽者。醫生非常失望，他們的幻想破滅，十分沮喪和悲傷。

Plus, we have all of this data - collected from genomes and sensors - and it's all dressed up with nowhere to go. I open the book with one of the stories that reinforced that for me, which is that this information was not being processed by doctors and the people who looked after me, and that hurt me and my recovery.

此外，我們從基因組和傳感器收集的數據居然無處可去。我打開病歷本，其中一件事加深了我對這一問題的印象：我的看病信息沒有被醫生和看護者處理，從而對我造成傷害，影響了康復。

That reinforced that if all of this data were teed up for people, we could make things safer and have better outcomes and have things be more efficient, but clinicians are too busy. They can't possibly get their arms around each person's data. I think the transformative potential of AI is in its power to enhance the human aspect of medicine, which is something we've lost.

如果這些數據都得到處理，爲人民服務，一切就會變得更安全、帶來更好的結果、更高的效率，但臨牀醫生太忙了。他們不太可能掌握每個人的數據。所以我認爲人工智能的變革潛力在於它增強醫療人性化的能力，而這正是我們失去的東西。