波黑塞族前領導人卡拉季奇獲刑40年

Former Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadzic has been found guilty of genocide and crimes against humanity during the Bosnian conflict and sentenced to 40 years in jail, in Europe’s biggest war crimes judgment since the second world war.

波黑塞族前領導人拉多萬•卡拉季奇(Radovan Karadzic)被判犯有種族滅絕罪和反人類罪，判處40年監禁。這是自二戰以來歐洲最嚴厲的戰爭罪判決結果。

Karadzic was convicted of genocide in the massacre of 8,000 Muslim men and boys in Srebrenica in 1995 — the worst atrocity on European soil since 1945 — and playing a key role in the 44-month siege that brought terror to the Bosnian capital, Sarajevo.

法庭認定，卡拉季奇在1995年在斯雷布雷尼察市(Srebrenica)殺害8000名穆斯林男子和男孩的事件中犯有種族滅絕罪——那是1945年以來在歐洲土地上發生的最大規模屠殺——並在長達44個月對波斯尼亞首府薩拉熱窩的圍困中扮演了關鍵角色；那場圍困使薩拉熱窩陷入恐懼。

The verdict at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia will be seen as finally bringing justice, more than two decades later, for Croatian and Muslim victims of the three-and-a-half year Bosnian war.

前南斯拉夫問題國際刑事法庭(International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia)的這次判決，將被視爲在持續3年半的波斯尼亞戰爭結束20多年後爲克羅地亞和穆斯林受害者伸張了正義。

The conflict killed more than 100,000 people and drove more than 2m from their homes, bringing mass murder, rape and “ethnic cleansing” back to the heart of Europe.

那場衝突奪取了逾10萬人的生命，讓逾200萬人無家可歸，把大屠殺、強姦和“種族清洗”帶回了歐洲心臟地區。

As well as the genocide charge, the former Bosnian Serb president was convicted of nine counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity, including extermination, murder, deportation and terror. He was acquitted of a second charge of genocide in several Bosnian towns in 1992.

除了種族滅絕罪，這位前波黑塞爾維亞共和國總統還被判犯有9項戰爭罪和反人類罪，包括滅絕罪、謀殺罪、驅逐罪和恐怖罪。對於1992年在幾個波斯尼亞城鎮犯下的第二宗種族滅絕罪指控，他被判無罪。

The judgment will strengthen the claim of the UN tribunal in The Hague — initially criticised for a slow start — to have successfully carried out the mandate it was given 23 years ago. The tribunal was the first such court to be convened since the postwar Nuremberg trials.

此次宣判將強化這個位於海牙的聯合國法庭的說法，即它成功地履行了在23年前獲得的授權。最初該法庭曾被批評行動緩慢。該法庭是二戰後紐倫堡審判(Nuremberg trial)以來成立的第一個此類法庭。

Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein, UN commissioner for human rights, said the verdict “should give pause to leaders across Europe and elsewhere who seek to exploit nationalist sentiments and scapegoat minorities”.

聯合國人權事務高級專員扎伊德•拉阿德•侯賽因(Zeid Ra’ad al-Hussein)表示，這一判決“應會讓歐洲乃至世界其他地區尋求利用民族主義情緒、把少數族裔當做替罪羊的領導人感到躊躇”。

Karadzic is the most senior leader to face judgment at the ICTY, after a trial that lasted five years and called 586 witnesses. Former Yugoslav president Slobodan Milosevic, who was accused of fomenting the conflicts, died of a heart attack in his cell in 2006 before his trial could be concluded.

卡拉季奇是在前南斯拉夫問題國際刑事法庭受到審判的最高級別領導人，對他的審判延續了5年、傳喚了586名證人。前南斯拉夫總統斯洛博丹•米洛舍維奇(Slobodan Milosevic)被指控煽動衝突，他在審判結束之前，於2006年因心臟病發作死於牢房。