朝韓聯合聲明:將在年內宣佈結束朝鮮戰爭

SEOUL, South Korea —The leaders of North and South Korea agreed on Friday to work to remove all nuclear weapons from the Korean Peninsula and, by this year, declare an official end to the Korean War that ravaged the nations from 1950 to 1953.

韓國首爾——朝鮮和韓國領導人週五同意在朝鮮半島上移除所有的核武器，並在今年宣佈正式結束朝鮮戰爭，這場戰爭曾在1950到1953年間蹂躪這兩個國家。

At a historic summit meeting that marked the first time a North Korean leader had set foot in the South, the leaders vowed to negotiate a peace treaty to replace a truce that has kept an uneasy peace on the divided Korean Peninsula for more than six decades, while ridding it of nuclear weapons.

這次具有歷史意義的峯會標誌着朝鮮最高領導人首次踏上韓國土地，雙方領導人在峯會上誓言就和平條約進行談判，以之取代在分裂的朝鮮半島上維持了60多年不穩定和平的停戰協定，並移除半島上的核武器。

“The South and the North confirmed their joint goal of realizing a Korean Peninsula free of nuclear weapons through complete denuclearization,” read a statement signed by North Korea’s leader, Kim Jong-un, and the South’s president, Moon Jae-in, following their summit at the border village of Panmunjom.

在雙方在邊境村板門店的峯會後，朝鮮領導人金正恩及韓國總統文在寅簽署的一封聲明表示，“韓朝確認通過完全棄核實現半島無核化的共同目標。”

The meeting between Mr. Kim and Mr. Moon was marked by some surprisingly candid moments but also sweeping pledges, with Mr. Kim saying, “I came here to put an end to the history of confrontation.”

金正恩與文在寅的會晤不僅有一些令人吃驚的坦率時刻，也有全面承諾，金正恩說，“我來這裏，是爲了敲下對抗歷史的終止符。”

The event, at the Peace House, a conference building on the South Korean side of the border village of Panmunjom, was closely watched because it could set the tone for the even more critical summit meeting between President Trumpcheck first ref and Mr. Kim, two leaders known for bold if unpredictable actions who only recently had the world fearing a nuclear war.

這次在邊境村板門店韓國一側的會議中心和平之家舉行的會晤備受關注，因爲它可能會給更爲重要的特朗普總統與金正恩的峯會定下基調，這兩位領導人都以大膽、但多少有點不可預知的行爲著稱，就在不久前，他們還曾讓世界擔心會發生核戰爭。

[What does Kim Jong-un want from his meeting with President Trump? Read our analysis here.]

[金正恩想從他與特朗普總統的會晤中得到什麼？請讀我們的分析。]

Mr. Trump and his aides are expected to seek a quick timetable for the North to eliminate its nuclear weapons. But Friday’s agreement between Mr. Moon and Mr. Kim was short on such specifics.

特朗普和他的助手們預計將尋求一個朝鮮移除其核武器的快速時間表。不過，文在寅與金正恩週五達成的一致意見缺乏此類細節。

“The South and the North agreed to work diligently to win the international community’s support and cooperation for the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula,” their statement said.

他們的聲明說，“韓朝決定，爲了贏得國際社會對半島無核化的支持與合作積極努力。”

The tone of the session — broadcast live nationally on South Korean television — was convivial and at times jocular, with Mr. Kim showing surprising honesty about the differences in conditions between the two nations.

韓國電視臺對會晤進行了全國直播，現場的調子相當歡快，有時還帶點詼諧，金正恩對兩國的不同狀況表現出驚人的坦誠。

Yoon Young-chan, Mr. Moon’s spokesman, said Mr. Kim acknowledged the poor road conditions in his country, a startling admission for a member of his ruling family, which is considered godlike and faultless among North Koreans. Mr. Kim also revealed that the North Koreans who visited the South during the Winter Olympics in February all admired the bullet train there.

文在寅的發言人尹永燦（Yoon Young-chan，音）說，金正恩承認他的國家的道路狀況不佳，這對被朝鮮人看作神聖和完美無瑕的統治家族的一員來說，是一種令人震驚的承認。金正恩還透露，在今年2月的冬季奧運會期間訪問過韓國的朝鮮人都對那裏的高速列車表示欽佩。

After Mr. Moon spoke of wanting to visit North Korea, Mr. Kim said, “It will be very embarrassing,” alluding to the roads in his country.

文在寅表示想訪問朝鮮後，金正恩說，“這將非常令人尷尬，”暗指他的國家的道路狀況。

Mr. Kim also repeated a lighthearted line he had used in his meeting with South Korean envoys in Pyongyang, the North Korean capital, last month, apologizing to Mr. Moon for disturbing his sleep with missile tests and forcing him to attend meetings of his National Security Council.

金正恩還重複了他上個月在朝鮮首都平壤與韓國特使會晤時用過的一個輕鬆說法，金正恩爲朝鮮的導彈試驗打攪了文在寅的睡眠、迫使他召集國家安全委員會開會，向文在寅表示道歉。

“I heard you had your early morning sleep disturbed many times because you had to attend the N.S.C. meetings because of us,” Mr. Kim said. “Getting up early in the morning must have become a habit for you. I will make sure that your morning sleep won’t be disturbed.”

“我聽說你因爲我們（試射導彈）而好多次在凌晨被吵醒，不得不去參加國家安全會議，”金正恩說。“早起牀肯定已經是你的習慣了。我將確保你的清晨睡眠不會再被打擾。”

Mr. Moon joked back: “Now I can sleep in peace.”

文在寅開玩笑地回答說：“現在我可以安心入睡了。”

[The Korean leaders’ meeting was a carefully choreographed dance, with a surprise step. Read more here.]

[韓朝領導人的會晤是一次精心編排的舞蹈，但也有出乎意料的舞步，這裏有更多的報道。]

Mr. Moon also offered some capitalistic carrots, reminding Mr. Kim that South Korea had in years past promised huge investments to help improve the North’s road and train systems. Those agreements eventually collapsed as the North persisted in developing nuclear weapons.

文在寅還拿出了一些資本主義的胡蘿蔔，他提醒金正恩，韓國在過去好多年裏曾承諾提供鉅額資金，來幫助朝鮮改善道路和鐵路系統。但由於朝鮮堅持發展核武器，那些協議最終崩潰。

Mr. Moon, a progressive leader who says he likes to see South Korea “in the driver’s seat” in pushing the peace effort forward, is trying to broker a successful summit meeting between Mr. Kim and Mr. Trump, which is expected in late May or early June.

文在寅是一位進步派的領導人，他表示希望看到韓國在推動和平的努力中“佔據主導地位”，他一直在試圖促成金正恩與特朗普之間成功舉行峯會，預計朝美峯會將在5月底或6月初舉行。

Mr. Kim rattled the region last year by testing long-range missiles and trading threats of nuclear war with Mr. Trump. But then Mr. Kim shifted gears, saying that he was willing to give up his nuclear weapons for the right incentives and proposing the meeting with Mr. Trump.

去年，金正恩試射了遠程導彈，還與特朗普互相以核戰爭作爲威脅，令東亞地區不安。但隨後，金正恩改變了做法，表示如果有適當的激勵，他願意放棄核武器，他還提議與特朗普會面。

Last weekend, Mr. Kim announced an end to all nuclear and long-range-missile tests, saying that his country hadmastered how to mount nuclear warheads on missiles and no longer needs to conduct tests. Mr. Kim said North Korea has adopted a “new strategic line” focusing on economic development.

上週末，金正恩宣佈結束所有的核試驗和遠程導彈試驗，他說，朝鮮已經掌握了在導彈上搭載核彈頭的技術，不再需要進行試驗。金正恩說，朝鮮已經採取了以經濟發展爲重點的“新戰略路線”。

Skeptics say Mr. Kim is trying to improve ties with South Korea to steer it from the United States and escape sanctions that are increasingly hurting the North’s economy. Indeed, many conservatives in the South fear that the North’s goal remains to be accepted as a nuclear power in return for freezing its nuclear and intercontinental-ballistic-missile programs.

持懷疑態度的人說，金正恩是想改善與韓國的關係，使之遠離美國，也想逃避對朝鮮經濟日益不利的制裁。確實，許多韓國的保守派人士擔心，朝鮮的目標仍是被接受爲一個有核國家，以作爲凍結其核項目和洲際彈道導彈項目的回報。

Analysts have warned that once negotiations begin with the United States, North Korea could push them into a stalemate by trying to drag Washington into nuclear arms reduction talks.

分析人士警告說，一旦開始與美國進行談判，朝鮮可能會試圖把華盛頓拖入削減核武器的對話中去，讓談判陷入僵局。

To prevent that, South Korea and the United States are trying to persuade North Korea to agree to a specific timeline for complete denuclearization: as soon as possible and no later than the end of Mr. Trump’s current term, in early 2021, according to South Korean officials and analysts.

爲了防止發生這種情況，韓國和美國正試圖說服朝鮮接受一個完全無核化的具體時間表：儘早、或最遲在特朗普目前任期結束前的2021年早些時候實現無核化，據韓國官員和分析人士說。

During their morning talks, Mr. Kim suggested more summit meetings with Mr. Moon, saying that he would like to visit the presidential Blue House in Seoul. He said North Korea would cooperate to make a “better world.”

在他們上午的會談中，金正恩建議與文在寅舉行更多的峯會，他說，他希望訪問首爾的總統府青瓦臺。他說，朝鮮會爲創造一個“更美好的世界”合作。

But he also voiced caution, suggesting South Korea and the United States deserved blame for scuttling previous deals.

但他也提出了警告，暗示韓國和美國應爲以前的協議受阻負責。

“As the expectations are high, so is the skepticism,” he said. “In the past, we had reached big agreements, but they were not implemented for more than 10 years. There are people who are skeptical that the results of today’s meeting will be properly implemented.”

“因爲有很高的期望，所以也有很大的懷疑，”他說。“過去，我們曾經達成過一些大的協議，但十多年來一直沒有實施。有些人懷疑今天會晤的結果是否會得到適當的落實。”