未來的我們:千年後我們長成這樣的外星人！

Evolution has changed our bodies and faces over thousands of years — and it’s still happening.
在過去數千年時間裏，進化已經改變了人類的身體和麪部，而如今進化過程仍在發生着。

Here’s how leading anatomical experts predict our descendants will differ physically from us in 1,000 years from now.
下面是主要的解剖學家對我們1000年後的後代的模樣做出的預測，他們的長相會跟我們有一些不同，具體的特點呈現如下：

- We’ll be taller at 6-7ft because of improved nutrition and medical science. Osteopath Garry Trainer, from north London, says: “The average American is about one inch taller than in 1960.”
身材會變高：到那時人類的身高會達到6至7英尺（約1.83米至2.13米），這是因爲人類營養條件的改善和醫學的進步。來自倫敦北部的骨骼整形醫生蓋裏-特瓦納表示：“美國人的平均身高將會比1960年增長約1英寸。”

- Our intestines will get shorter so we don’t absorb as much fat and sugar — a natural way of avoiding obesity, says dentist Dr Philip Stemmer.
腸子會變短：我們身體內的腸子會變得更短，這樣我們就不會吸收太多的脂肪和糖份。牙醫菲利普-斯坦默博士表示，這也是避免肥胖的一種自然方式。

- If male fertility declines further, there will be smaller testicles.
男性生殖器官變小：如果男性的生殖能力進一步下降，那麼他們的睾丸將會變得更小。

- Our most used extremities will change dramatically. Arms and fingers get longer to reduce the need to reach too far and nerve endings in hands and fingers will increase because of the greater use of devices such as iPhones that need complex eye-hand coordination.
胳膊和手指變長：人類最常用的四肢將會發生巨大的變化。胳膊和手指會變長，以便減少伸長手臂的次數。手及手指上的神經末梢將會增加，這是由於iPhone等電子設備的大量使用需要複雜的眼手協調能力。

- We’ll have smaller brains, maybe because so much memorising and thinking is done by our computers. “Science fiction images show humans of the future with huge brains but big brains are not necessarily the best,” says Chris Stringer, from the Natural History Museum.
大腦會變小：人類的大腦會變小，這是因爲大部分的記憶和思考工作都有電腦代替完成。來自美國國家自然歷史博物館的克里斯-斯汀格表示：“在科幻小說中有場景描述未來人類擁有巨腦，但其實腦袋大並不意味着最好。”

- There will be large eyes to compensate for smaller mouths. Cary Cooper, of Lancaster University, explains: “Communication will rely on facial expressions and eye movements.”
眼睛變大嘴變小：到那時人類的眼睛會變大，來彌補變小的嘴巴。英國萊切斯特大學的克萊-庫珀解釋說：“人類的交流將主要依靠面部表情和眼部運動。

- Dentist Dr Stemmer also thinks there could be fewer teeth as softer food needs less chewing and biting. He says: “We could even get our nutrition from liquids or pills in the future, which could mean less teeth and receded jaws.”
牙齒會變少：牙醫斯坦默博士還認爲人類的牙齒會變少，因爲食物變得更軟，所以不需要過多的咀嚼和咬。他說道：“在未來人類所需的營養甚至可以通過流食或藥劑的方式獲得，這意味着牙齒會減少，而且人類的下頜也將退化。

- Expect people to have quadruple chins. “Our bodies were designed for eating less and using more energy than a modern lifestyle requires,” says Rajiv Grover, a consultant plastic surgeon.
四下巴：預計未來人類會有比雙下巴還誇張的“四下巴”。整形手術顧問拉傑夫-格羅夫表示：“與現代生活方式相比，未來人類的身材會更符合吃得少能量多消耗的生活。”

We can expect other dramatic changes too.
還會出現其他一些戲劇性變化：

- Everyone will have the same shape of noses because climate is having less influence on broad or narrow hooters thanks to air conditioning and central heating.
鼻子都一樣：1000年後每個人的鼻子將會長得一樣由於空調和集中供暖系統的廣泛使用，天氣變化不管是對寬鼻子還是窄鼻子影響都會很小。

- Central heating and warm clothing means we’ll be less hairy but there’ll be more wrinkles as a result of peering at our electronic devices.
皺紋更多：集中供暖系統和保暖衣物也就意味着人類的毛髮會減少，但皺紋會更多，這是因爲電子設備看得太多的緣故。

We could end up with saggy turkey necks too because extra sun will cause loose skin and baggy eyelids. And there will be darker skin as people move around the planet and races mix.
另外，我們的頸部會下垂，看起來就像火雞一樣。因爲吸收太多的太陽光將會導致人類的皮膚鬆弛、眼皮鬆垂。由於地球上越來越多不同種族的人結合到一起，人類皮膚顏色會變得更暗。