美語情景對話 第1372期:Expiration Dates 到期日期(2)
Todd: My rule is always three days. So, I'll eat anything if it's within ... except for meat, maybe, but anything if it's within three days of the expiration date or the sell-by date on the store's ...
託德：我的原則是食物可以保存三天。我會在三天內把食物吃掉，除了肉類，其他食物的話，我會在有效期或保質期的三天內吃掉。Rachel: Oh, I think that matters ... To me it makes an enormous difference what it is. For example, moyashi, which is bean sprouts, I'll eat them on the day or the day after, but not after that. They start getting bad really quickly. But, for example, a jar of pickles, that's going to last much longer than the three days after.
蕾切爾：哦，我認爲這很重要。對我來說有很大不同。比如豆芽，我會在當天或第二天吃掉，但是之後我就不會吃了。豆芽變質的速度非常快。但是像罐裝泡菜這種食物的保質期遠超過三天。Todd: Right. I think the big one, I guess, you're right about time, is dairy. Milk is obvious, because milk you can smell. But cheese ...
託德：對。我認爲就奶製品來說，你說對了時間。顯然，牛奶可以通過聞味道來判斷是否變質。但是奶酪……
Rachel: But on the other hand, it just turns into yogurt.
蕾切爾：但是另一方面，牛奶會變成酸奶。Todd: Right, yes. So that's the other one is yogurt. So yogurt, I'll see it in the fridge and I'm like, "How long can I keep this?" Like sometimes it'll be past the expiration date, but it smells fine, it looks fine.
託德：對，沒錯。另一個就是酸奶。我看着冰箱裏的酸奶會想，“我能保存多長時間？”有時酸奶即使過了有效期，聞起來也沒什麼問題，看上去也還好。Rachel: Well, yogurt is soured milk, so it's difficult to say at which point it sours, because it's already sour.
蕾切爾：嗯，酸奶就是酸了的牛奶，所以很難判斷它是什麼時候變酸的，因爲它已經酸了。Todd: Yeah, and cheese too lasts forever it seems like.
託德：對，奶酪看上去也可以永久保存。Rachel: Pretty much. You can see the mold on cheese.
蕾切爾：能保存很長時間。但是你會看到奶酪上長黴菌。Todd: Yeah. So what about if you see bread and there's a little mold on the bread?
託德：對。那要是麪包上長了一點兒黴菌呢？Rachel: No.
蕾切爾：不行。Todd: Are you old school? Will you cut around it?
託德：你會採取老式做法嗎？把發黴的部分切掉？Rachel: No. I used to and I used to cut the mold off cheese, but having learned more about visible mold is only a small amount of it and parts of mold you can't see are branching into the food.
蕾切爾：不會。我以前會把奶酪發黴的部分切掉，但是後來我瞭解到，肉眼可見的黴菌只是一小部分，還有其他看不到的黴菌侵入了食物。Todd: Oh, I see.
託德：哦，我明白了。Rachel: Yeah. So that makes it a little dodgier. So, no I probably wouldn't eat bread that had any kind of mold on it. And I'm dodgy about cheese to. That's got the wrong sort of mold on it.
蕾切爾：對。這時候再食用就有些危險了。所以我可能不會吃長了黴菌的麪包。我認爲奶酪發黴後也存在危險。上面的黴菌是有問題的黴菌。Todd: Right.
託德：對。Rachel: There's the right sort of mold like a blue cheese, and that's fine.
蕾切爾：藍紋奶酪上的黴菌是沒問題的，這是可以食用的。Todd: Right. And I should clarify here, neither of us are medical professionals.
託德：好。我應該明確說明一下，我們兩個人都不是醫學專業人士。Rachel: Don't take this advise.
蕾切爾：不用接受這個建議。Todd: We're just talking about our own habits here, so ...
託德：我們只是在說我們個人的習慣……Rachel: Another thing that ...
蕾切爾：另外一個問題是……Todd: What about juice? What about juice? Like how long can you keep juice? Can you smell when juice is bad?
託德：那果汁呢？果汁能保存多長時間？果汁變質能聞出來嗎？Rachel: I don't usually buy juice, so I don't really know.
蕾切爾：我一般不買果汁，所以我不太清楚。Todd: Oh, yeah.
託德：哦，好。Rachel: Maybe you can smell it.
蕾切爾：也許可以聞出來。Todd: Maybe you can smell it.
託德：或許可以聞出來。Rachel: Yeah, I'd probably toss juice because I'm not experienced enough with it, obviously, to have made my own mind up about it, so I'd probably go by the date with that one.
蕾切爾：對，果汁過期的話我可能會扔掉，因爲我在這方面經驗不足，無法自己做決定，所以我可能會參照保質期。Todd: What's interesting is when you see some foods that you think would last forever, but actually they won't, they just have an expiration date that's way in the future, like canned goods.
託德：有意思的是，有些食物你認爲可以保存很長時間，但實際上並不是，只不過它們的有效期很長，比如罐裝食品。Rachel: Yes.
蕾切爾：對。Todd: Sometimes it's surprising when you're like, "Oh, there actually is an expiration date on there."
託德：有時會令人驚訝，“哦，這個其實是有有效期的。”Rachel: There is.
蕾切爾：沒錯。Todd: But it's way in the future.
託德：不過有效期很長。Rachel: It's way in the future, as long as the can's not dented, I think ...
蕾切爾：很長，只要罐子不損壞，我認爲……Todd: Or rusty, right?
託德：或生鏽，對吧？Rachel: ... is the rule for that. Yeah.
蕾切爾：那沒什麼問題，對。Todd: Yeah. Interesting topic.
託德：好，這真是有趣的話題。
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重點講解：
1. except for 除了；除…之外；唯有；
The night was very quiet except for the ticking of the clock.
夜很靜，只有鐘擺滴答滴答地響。
2. turn into (使)變成；(使)成爲；
Step one will be trying to get those undifferentiated cells to turn into something like muscle cells.
第一步將是試圖讓那些未分化的細胞變成類似肌肉的細胞。
3. cut off 切除；
Before proceeding any further, cut off a small bit of the meat and taste it.
在進行下一步之前，先切一小塊肉嚐嚐。
4. as long as 只要；
He is up to the job without doubt as long as he would give his mind to it.
只要他專心，他一定能勝任這份工作。
