2017八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點
想期末考好，就要倍加努力學好英語，懂得整理單元知識，有助於加強知識點的抓握。下面由本站小編爲你整理的八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點，希望對大家有幫助!
基本知識點
1. sick 生病的，有病的;可在句中作表語Mary could not come because she is sick.
也可作定語a sick child
【區別ill】ill與sick同義;但是隻在句中做表語，不做定語。Mary could not come because she is ill.
2. cheer (sb.) up(讓某人)變得高興;振奮起來The good news cheered up everyone in our class.
3. give out分發;散發，相當於hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.
give sth. out to sb. 意爲 把某物分發給某人 。
4. volunteer 【名詞】志願者 【動詞】義務做，自願做(某事)volunteer to do sth. 自願做某事 ，
The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.
5. used to do sth.過去/曾經(常)做某事，表示過去的習慣、動作或狀態，並強調現在已經不再存在或發生。
There used to be a cinema here. 這裏曾有一個照相機。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他們告訴我關於這裏過去的故事。
6. alone 【形容詞】獨自一人的，無感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.
lonely (感到)孤獨寂寞的，帶有很強的感情色彩，可做表語或定語。The lonely boy is not lonely now.
7. care for sb./sth.照顧;照料……
care 【名詞】小心，關心take care of=look after →【動詞】care about sb./sth.關心，在意某人/事
→【形容詞】careful 仔細的 / careless 粗心的 →【副詞】carefully 仔細地
8. such “這樣的，這種，如此”，用於修飾名詞
such+ a/ an+形容詞+單數名詞：such a good day 多麼美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多麼 精彩的比賽
such+形容詞+複數名詞/不可數名詞：such important decisions 多麼重要的建議 such delicious food 多麼美味的食物
如果名詞前被many, much, few, little修飾時，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time
9. try out for…參加…選拔，爭取成爲…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.
try out試用，試驗
10. journey 【名詞】(尤指長途)旅行，行程;trip【名詞】多指短途旅行;
travel【名詞、動詞】travel around the world →【名詞】traveler旅行者
11.【複習】be busy with sth. 忙於(做)什麼事情 be busy doing sth. 忙於(做)什麼事情
12.【複習】try doing sth. 試着去做某事 try to do sth. 盡力去做某事 try one’s best (to do sth.) 盡某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【複習】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 擔心某人、某事
14. raise money集資，籌錢;raise money for…爲……籌錢
raise【動詞】舉起;提高;募集
15. keep【動詞】keep+名詞，保留(某物);keep+形容詞，保持
16.【形容詞】broken破損的，出毛病的;blind瞎的，失明的;deaf聾的;disabled有殘疾的，喪失能力的;在句中做定語和表語。
make it possible (for sb.) to do sth.使(某人)做某事成爲可能，
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
make it +形容詞(+for sb.) to do sth. 使(某人)做某事成爲…;
think/find it +形容詞to do sth.
18. make a difference to…對……有影響;對……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修飾，如
The rain made no difference to the game.
Hard-working makes much difference to study.
19. difficulty【可數/不可數】表示抽象意義的“困難”時爲不可數;表示具體的“難題、難事”時爲可數;
have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難
20. train【動詞】訓練，trained爲過去分詞，可做定語，意爲“受過訓練的”a trained dog
21. be excited about sth. 對某事感到興奮 ，Everyone is excited about the good news.
【複習】excited意爲 興奮的，修飾人;exciting意爲 令人興奮/激動的，修飾物。
22. order【名詞】命令，指示;順序，次序【動詞】訂購;點(菜)follow the order。
23. change【動詞】變化，改變It’s hard for a person to change his life(style). 【名詞】變化;零錢
change A for B用A換成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.
repair 【動詞】修理，修補; fix【動詞】安裝;使固定 【fix up修理=repair】
八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點2【重點句型】
1. What's the matter with you?= What'the trouble with you?
= What's wrong with you? 你怎麼了?
2. What should she do? 她該怎麼辦呢?
ld I take my temperature? 我應該量一下體溫嗎?
should lie down and rest. 你應該躺下休息一會兒。
5. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book? 你認爲它是來自報紙還是書呢?
6. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐得太久了。
7. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital. 她說這個人有心臟病應該去醫院。
八年級下冊英語第二單元知識點3【重點語法】
動詞不定式
動詞不定式的基本結構爲“to+動詞原形 ”(有時可不加to)。在句中除不能充當謂語外，其他成分都可充當，如：主語、表語、賓語、狀語、賓語補足語、定語等。在八上已講過作賓語的用法。在此主要講作賓語補足語和狀語的用法。
(1) 作賓語補足語。
動詞不定式作賓語補足語，放在賓語的後面，表示賓語是什麼或怎麼樣。有to do 和 to be 兩種形式。
The doctor advised him to take a good rest.
I find English to be very easy.
提示：在ask, tell, want, would like, advise, invite, teach,等動詞或短語之後，常接帶to的不定式做賓語補足語。
We asked him to sing a pop song at the party.
① 動詞不定式作賓語補足語時，不定式符號to在使役動詞(have, make, let)、感官動詞(feel, hear, watch, see, notice等)的後面時要省略。但他們變爲被動語態時，不定式符號to不能省略。
The boss made the workers work over ten hours a day in the past.
= The workers were made to work over ten hours a day by the boss in the past.
② 動詞help接不定式做賓語補足語時，不定式符號to可省略也可不省略。
He often comes to help us (to) do some farm work.
(2)作狀語
① 表目的：表目的時，不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句子前面時，不定式常與句子用逗號隔開;而在句子末尾時一般不用逗號隔開。
To get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.
He goes there to enjoy the fresh air.
② 表結果：不定式做結果狀語，一般位於句子末尾。
I went to the classroom, to discover it empty.
動詞短語
1.動詞短語是指動詞和介詞或副詞等搭配而構成的短語。
2.動詞短語主要有以下四種構成形式：
(1)動詞+介詞
如：agree with, ask for, arrive in/at, come from, get to, get on, get off, look after, take after等。
注：這類動詞短語後面的賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之後。
Eg: I am looking for my pen. I have been looking for it for two hours.
• (2) 動詞+副詞
• 如：give out, look up, put up, put off, write down ,cheer up, turn off/ on, find out, hand out等。
• 注：這類動詞短語後面的賓語是名詞時，名詞可放在副詞之後，也可放在副詞之前;賓語是代詞時，帶刺只能放在副詞之前。
• Eg: Please pick up the pen.
• =Please pick the pen up.
• Can you pick it up.
• 3)動詞+名詞+介詞
• 如：make friends with, pay attention to , take care of, look forward to等。
• 注：在這類動詞短語中，並與都放在介詞之後。
• Eg: She stayed at home to take care of the baby.
• (4)動詞+形容詞+介詞
• 如：be angry with, be busy with, be good/bad for, be different from, be interested in , be good at , be famous for等。
• Eg: Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake.
