英國富人和窮人的預期壽命差距已經拉大到近10年
The life expectancy gap between the most affluent and the most deprived members of society in England widened to nearly 10 years, British researchers have found.
英國研究人員發現，英國最富裕和最貧困的社會成員之間的預期壽命差距已經拉大到近10年。
The study analyzed a total of 7.65 million deaths in England between 2001 and 2016 based on data from the Office for National Statistics.
基於英國國家統計局的數據，這項研究分析了2001年至2016年間英國765萬人的死亡。
Researchers at Imperial College London found that the life expectancy gap between the most affluent and most deprived sectors of society increased from 6.1 years in 2001 to 7.9 years in 2016 for women, and from 9.0 years to 9.7 years for men.
倫敦帝國學院的研究人員發現，社會中最富裕和最貧困階層之間的預期壽命差距，女性從2001年的6.1歲增加到2016年的7.9歲，男性則從9.0歲增加到9.7歲。
The life expectancy of women in the most deprived communities in 2016 was 78.8 years, compared to 86.7 years in the most affluent group.
2016年，最貧困社區女性的預期壽命爲78.8歲，而最富裕社區女性的預期壽命爲86.7歲。
For men, life expectancy was 74.0 years among the poorest, compared to 83.8 years among the richest.
對於男性來說，最貧困人羣的預期壽命爲74.0歲，而最富裕人羣的預期壽命爲83.8歲。
The largest contributors to life expectancy inequalities were deaths in children younger than five years old, mostly neonatal deaths, as well as respiratory diseases, heart disease, lung and digestive cancers, and dementia among the elderly.
造成預期壽命不平等的最大原因是5歲以下兒童的死亡，其中大多數是新生兒死亡，以及呼吸系統疾病、心臟病、肺癌和消化系統癌症和老年人的癡呆症。
Majid Ezzati, senior author of the research, noted that "a perfect storm of factors" led to the earlier deaths of poor people, including stagnated working income, rising price of healthy foods, funding squeeze for health and late diagnosis of diseases.
這項研究的資深作者馬吉德·埃扎蒂指出，包括收入停滯、健康食品價格上漲、健康資金緊張和疾病診斷延遲等在內的“一系列糟糕的因素”，導致窮人過早死亡。
"Greater investment in health and social care in the most deprived areas will help reverse the worrying trends seen in our work. We also need government and industry action to eradicate food insecurity and make healthy food choices more affordable, so that the quality of a family's diet isn't dictated by their income," he suggested.
他建議稱：“在最貧困地區加大對健康和社會關懷的投入，將有助於扭轉我們在工作中看到的令人擔憂的趨勢。我們還需要政府和有關行業採取行動，消除食品不安全狀況，使人們更容易承擔得起健康食品的選擇，這樣一個家庭的飲食質量就不會由他們的收入決定。”
