全球通勤痛苦指數:深圳北京名列前茅
Commutersin Toronto and Montreal may spend a lot of time in their cars, but a new survey shows they have a relatively stress-free commute compared with others.
多倫多和蒙特利爾的通勤上班族花在路上的時間可能就不短了，但一項最新調查表明，和其它城市相比，這真是小巫見大巫。
The IBM Commuter Pain Index survey ranks the emotional and economic toll of commuting in 20 major cities around the world.
IBM近日發佈“通勤痛苦指數”，針對全球20個大城市的通勤損失進行了調查，包括精神損失和經濟損失。
Toronto and Montreal were both a part of the survey with the latter finishing at the bottom of the list and Toronto finishing fifth from the bottom.
多倫多和蒙特利爾也在調查之列，蒙特利爾排名墊底，多倫多排在倒數第五。
Mexico City topped the list with Shenzhen, Beijing, Nairobi and Johannesburg rounding out the top five. New York finished one point above Toronto.
通勤壓力最大的五個城市分別爲墨西哥城、深圳、北京、內羅畢、和約翰內斯堡。紐約排在倒數第六。
"Commuting doesn't occur in a vacuum," said Naveen Lamba, IBM's global intelligent transportation expert, in a statement.
IBM全球智能交通專家納文·蘭巴在聲明中說：“通勤與其它因素互相影響。”
"A person's emotional response to the daily commute is colouredby many factors — pertaining both to traffic congestion as well as to other, unrelated, issues. This year's survey indicates drivers in cities around the world are much more unsettled and anxious compared with 2010."
“人們對每日通勤的情感反應受到很多因素的影響，和交通擁堵以及其它看似不相干的問題都有關係。從今年的調查來看，全球的司機都比去年更不淡定、更焦躁了。”
The survey includes questions about commuting time, time spent in traffic, the price of gas, stress, anger and how traffic affects work.
調查問題包括通勤時間、交通耗時、油價、通勤壓力、交通狀況導致的憤怒情緒、交通狀況對工作的影響等。
Globally, 42 per cent of people say their stress level has increased and 35 per cent say they get angry because of traffic.
全球來看，42%的受訪者認爲通勤壓力上升，35%認爲交通問題給心裏添堵。
While 23 per cent of people in Toronto say congestion is better, 40 per cent are more stressed because of congestion.
而有23%的多倫多人認爲交通擁堵有所改善，另有40%認爲交通擁堵使自己壓力更大了。
IBM surveyed more than 8,000 people on six continents with the majority saying traffic has become worse in the last three years. It points out 40 per cent of commuters say improved public transit would help and the number of people taking transit is up in most places.
IBM對來自六大洲的八千多人進行了調查，多數受訪者認爲在過去三年中交通狀況變差了。調查指出，40%的通勤者認爲改善公共交通有好處，在大多數受訪地區，乘坐公共交通的人數也有上升。
More people taking transit is a good thing because one expert says cities can't expect to solve the problem by building more roads.
乘坐公共交通的人數增加是件好事。有專家稱，解決城市交通問題不能靠多修路。
"We can't simply build our way out of congestion no matter which city," said Vinodh Swaminathan, IBM's director of intelligent transportation systems, in a statement.
IBM智能交通系統總監維諾德·斯瓦米納森在聲明中說：“不管在哪裏，解決交通擁堵都不能靠修路。”
"In order to improve traffic flow and congestion, cities need to move beyond knowing and reacting; they have to find ways to anticipate and avoid situations that cause congestion that could turn the world into one giant parking lot."
“爲了疏導車流，減少擁堵，城市不能每次都做事後諸葛亮，而是要想法預見並避免擁堵的原因，不然整個地球會變成一個巨無霸停車場。”
