老好人收入低於“刺兒頭”
They say nice guys finish last. Now, scientists have confirmed there is truth in the old adage – at least when it comes to salaries.
他們說好人總是排到最後。現在，科學家已證實老話中存真理—--至少在談及薪資時是這樣的。
A study claims friendly staff receive lower wages than their less agreeable colleagues. Despite working just as hard, they are often reluctant to push for pay rises, too focused on team work and overly concerned about being liked.
有研究稱，友好待人的員工比那些不太討人喜歡的同事收入更低。雖然他們工作認真，但從不主動要求加薪，他們過分注重團隊合作，一心只想討別人喜歡。
Researchers at the University of Sheffield made the discovery while looking at the impact of personality traits on workers' productivity and pay.
謝菲爾德大學的研究人員通過對個人品質對生產能力和薪酬的影響分析後得出上述結論。
Their study found: 'More agreeable workers tend to earn less in the actual labor market, but their productivity is similar when measured in the laboratory setting.'
他們研究發現：‘更受歡迎的員工在目前的勞動市場上賺的錢往往更少，儘管在實驗環境下對所衡量的工作效率是幾近相同的。’
They defined agreeableness as being compliant, modest, trustworthy and sympathetic.
他們對受歡迎的員工的定義是，順從，謙虛，值得信賴且有同情心。
The study found women were most likely to show agreeable personality traits, perhaps one reason for the gender pay gap.
研究發現女人最有可能展現出受人歡迎的個人品質，這可能是導致性別收入差距的一個原因。
Being agreeable made workers more successful in team work, but had three negative effects on their performance.
受人歡迎的員工在團隊合作中更容易取得成功，但對於他們的個人表現卻有三個不利影響。
'First, helping others may reduce individual productivity,' the study found. 'Secondly, agreeable people may be less effective when bargaining their wage. Finally, agreeable individuals may enter less stable, lower paid occupations.'
研究發現，‘首先，幫助其他人可能會降低個人的工作效率，其次，受人歡迎的員工在要求提工資時可能無法取得實質進展。再來，受人歡迎的員工可能會進入不太穩定、工資較低的崗位。’
The study was presented at the Royal Economic Society's 2015 annual conference in Manchester yesterday by Ana Nuevo-Chiquero, of The University of Sheffield, who conducted the research alongside Australian and Spanish academics.
謝爾菲德大學的Ana Nuevo-Chiquero在曼切斯特舉行的2015英國皇家經濟學會年會上宣讀了該研究成果，這是她與澳大利亞和西班牙的學者共同研究的成果。
They analyzed the personalities and productivity levels of students at the University of New South Wales in laboratory conditions, and analyzed a host of academic reports on personality and wages.
他們分析了新南威爾士州大學學生們在實驗室條件下的個人品質和工作水平，也分析了大量關於個人品質和薪酬的學術報告。
It found that, while conscientious and emotionally stable workers earn more money, being too open could harm your career.
研究發現，儘管工作認真、情緒穩定的員工掙錢更多，但如果太直率可能會危及其職業。
While openness with colleagues indicated an artistic, curious and imaginative worker, it could make them less likely to obey the rules, which could cause problems at a formal workplace.
儘管對同事坦率可表明此人是一名心地美好的，有好奇心和想象力的員工，但這會使得他們不太可能去遵守規則，導致他們在正式的工作場合上惹麻煩。
Neuroticism, which researchers linked to mood swings and unpredictability, also impacted performance as these workers often lacked self-confidence and were insecure.
研究人員把神經質與情緒波動和不可預測性聯繫在一起，神經質也會影響工作表現，因爲這樣的員工通常缺乏自信和安全感。
Vocabulary
compliant：順從的
conscientious：勤奮的
neuroticism：神經質
