英國收入調查：華裔員工收入最高

根據英國官方首次針對各族裔員工平均薪資所做的統計，華裔和印度裔員工的平均薪資比英國白人還高，其中華裔是收入最高的族裔，2018年平均收入比白人高出30.9%。

Chinese and Indian ethnic group workers have higher average earnings than their white British counterparts, the first detailed official figures show.

據首次披露的詳細官方數據顯示，華裔和印度裔員工的平均收入高於英國白人員工。

But the data on the ethnicity pay gap, showed all other ethnic groups have lower wages than white British workers.

但是關於不同族裔工資差距的數據顯示，其他所有族裔員工的工資都低於英國白人員工。

The Office for National Statistics said employees in the Bangladeshi ethnic group have the largest pay gap, earning 20% less than white British employees.

英國國家統計局表示，孟加拉裔員工與其他族裔的薪資差距最大，其收入比英國白人員工低20%。

On average, ethnic minorities earn 3.8% less than white ethnic groups.

平均來看，少數族裔的收入比英國白人低3.8%。

In 2018, employees from the Chinese ethnic group earned 30.9% more than white British employees.

2018年，華裔員工的工資比英國白人員工高30.9%。

Hugh Stickland, senior ONS analyst, said: "Overall, employees from certain ethnic groups such as Indian and Chinese, have higher average earnings than their white British counterparts.

英國國家統計局高級分析師休•斯蒂克蘭德說：“總體而言，印度裔和華裔等某些少數族裔員工的平均收入高於英國白人。

"However, all other ethnic groups have average wages lower than for white British employees, with employees from the Bangladeshi ethnic group having the largest pay gap.

“然而，所有其他族裔的平均工資都低於英國白人員工，孟加拉裔員工與其他族裔員工的工資差距最大。”

"However, once characteristics such as education and occupation are taken into account, the pay gap between white British and most other ethnic groups becomes narrower, though significant differences still remain."

“但是，一旦把教育和職業等因素考慮進去，英國白人和其他大多數族裔之間的收入差距就會縮小，儘管差異依舊顯著。”

孟加拉裔是英國收入最低的族羣

The data - based on median gross hourly earnings between 2012 and 2018 - shows that the Chinese ethnicity group is the highest paid, receiving £15.75 an hour in 2018.

該數據基於2012年至2018年的時薪中值。數據顯示，華裔是收入最高的羣體，2018年的時薪爲15.75英鎊（約合135元人民幣）。

That group is followed by the Indian ethic group - which earns £13.47 an hour - and mixed/multiple ethnicity group, with a £12.33 hourly pay rate.

緊隨其後的是印度裔，時薪13.47英鎊，以及混合/多族裔人羣，時薪12.33英鎊。

pay rate：工資標準

The median pay of the white British group was £12.03. The Bangladeshi group had the lowest median hourly pay of £9.60 with the second-lowest paid group being of Pakistani origin at £10 an hour.

英國白人的時薪中值爲12.03英鎊。孟加拉裔的時薪中值最低，爲9.6英鎊，排在倒數第二的是巴基斯坦裔，時薪10英鎊。

"The harsh reality is that even today race still plays a real role in determining pay," said Frances O'Grady, general secretary of the TUC.

英國勞工聯合會祕書長弗朗西斯•奧格雷迪說：“殘酷的現實是，時至今日，種族仍在很大程度上決定着薪資。”

"Ministers must take bold action to confront inequality and racism in the labor market. The obvious first step is to introduce mandatory ethnicity pay gap reporting without delay," she said.

她說：“部長們必須採取大膽行動，應對勞動力市場的不平等和種族主義。很明顯，第一步是立即實行強制性的種族薪酬差距報告制度。

收入存在性別差距

The government has already introduced mandatory reporting on the gender pay gap - which stands at 9.6% in favor of men - and the ONS data also shows discrepancies in male and female earnings in the ethnic groups.

英國政府已經實行了強制性的性別收入差距報告制度，男性的收入比女性高9.6%。英國國家統計局的數據也顯示了少數族裔收入的性別差距。

discrepancy [dɪs'krep(ə)nsɪ]：n.不符；矛盾；相差

The Chinese and Indian groups, which both have the highest rate of hourly pay, were among those with the biggest gender gaps.

華裔和印度裔的時薪最高，也都屬於收入性別差距最大的羣體。

Chinese men on average earned 19.1% more than women and Indian men earned 23.2% more than women.

華裔男性的平均收入比女性高19.1%，印度裔男性的平均收入比女性高23.2%。

But women in the Bangladeshi ethnic group earn more than their male counterparts - with a 10.5% gap.

但孟加拉裔女性的收入比男性高10.5%。

The ONS said, though, that the sample size for the Bangladeshi group was smaller and susceptible to inaccuracy compared with other ethnic groups.

不過，英國國家統計局表示，與其他族裔相比，孟加拉裔的樣本量更小，而且容易出錯。

sample size：樣本量，樣本大小

出生地影響收入

The ONS says that where someone is born can have an influence on how much they are paid.

英國國家統計局表示，一個人的出生地可能會影響他的收入。

"By comparing those who were born in the UK and those who were not, it may give us an idea of what sort of effect having a UK education and the higher likelihood of speaking English as a first language may have on those from an ethnic minority background," the ONS said.

英國國家統計局表示：“通過比較那些出生在英國和其他國家的人，我們或許能發現，在英國接受教育和更可能將英語作爲母語對少數族裔會產生哪些影響。”

It found those in the Bangladeshi ethnic group - who had been born in the UK - earned 8% less than white British employees. But for Bangladeshi employees born outside the UK the gap was 26.8%.

英國國家統計局發現，出生在英國的孟加拉裔員工的收入比英國白人員工低8%。但對於在英國以外出生的孟加拉裔員工來說，這一差距爲26.8%。

When taking other factors into account, such as education, UK-born employees in the Indian and Chinese ethnic groups do not have pay gaps that are "statistically different" from the UK-born white British employees, the ONS found.

英國國家統計局發現，考慮到教育等其他因素，在英國出生的印度裔和華裔員工與英國出生的白人員工之間的收入沒有“統計上的差異”。

For example, almost a third of workers in the Indian ethnic group work in professional roles which means they tend to be higher-paid.

例如，近三分之一的印度裔員工從事專業性強的工作，這意味着他們的收入往往更高。