作爲動詞，have該怎麼用？
The verb to have is used in a number of different ways in English. Here are the main uses of the verb to have for reference, self-study and in-class use.
在英語中，動詞have有多種用法。下面是動詞have主要的幾種用法，供我們參考、自學和課堂應用。
HAVE FOR POSSESSION
have表示擁有
To have is used as a main verb to indicate possession of objects, characteristics, relationships or other qualities.
have常用作主動詞來表示擁有某個物件、特點、關係或其他品質。
He has three books by Hemingway.
他有三本海明威寫的書。
Jane has a sister in France.
簡有個妹妹住在法國。
Frank has a lot of free time these days.
這些天弗蘭克有大把的時間。
HAVE GOT FOR POSSESSION
have got表示擁有
Have got is also used, especially in British English, to indicate possession of objects, characteristics, relationships or other qualities.
have got也可以表示擁有某個物件、特點、關係或其他品質，這點尤其在英式英語中適用。
He's got some friends in Wales.
他在威爾士有一些朋友。
He's got red hair and freckles.
他的頭髮是紅色的，臉上長着雀斑。
Alice has got three cousins.
愛麗絲有三個表兄弟。
TO HAVE - ACTION VERB
to have行爲動詞
To have is also used as a main verb to express a number of actions including:
to have也可以用作主動詞來表示一系列動作：
have a bath, wash, shower, etc.
洗澡等等
have breakfast, lunch, dinner
吃早飯、中飯、午飯
have fun
玩得開心
have time available
有時間
have questions
有疑問
have a party
舉辦派對
have a walk, hike, ride, etc.
散步、遠足、騎行等
have a discussion, fight, argument etc.
討論、打架、爭論等
Erica is having a bath at the moment.
艾麗卡正在洗澡。
We're going to have a party next week.
下週我們要去參加一個聚會。
She usually has breakfast at seven o'clock.
她總是在七點鐘吃早飯。
TO HAVE - AUXILIARY VERB
to have-助動詞
Have is also used as an auxiliary verb in the perfect tenses. Remember that the auxiliary verb takes the conjugation in English, so the verb have will change depending on the tense. Here is a quick review of the tenses that use have as an auxiliary verb:
have也可以在完成時態中做助動詞使用。記住，英語中have有詞形變化，所以動詞have的形式會隨着時態而改變。下面是對含有助動詞have的時態進行快速的回顧：
Present Perfect: He has been to Georgia twice.
現在完成時：他去過兩次喬治亞州。
Present Perfect Continuous: They have been waiting for over an hour.
現在完成進行時：他們已經等了一個多小時了。
Past Perfect: He had already eaten when she arrived.
過去完成時：她到達時，他已經吃過飯了。
Past Perfect Continuous: Jane had been working for two hours when he telephoned.
過去完成進行時：他打電話過來時，簡已經工作了兩個小時了。
Future Perfect: They will have been gone for four hours by two o'clock.
將來完成時：等到兩點鐘，他們就已經走了四個小時了。
Future Perfect Continuous: Max will have been playing the piano for two hours by the time he finishes.
將來完成進行時：等他完成時，馬克思都彈了兩個小時的鋼琴了。
TO HAVE TO DO - MODAL FORM
情態形式
To have to do something expresses the idea that an action or routine is required of someone.
To have to do sth表示要求某人做某事或完成工作。
We use to have to do something to speak about our responsibilities in life. This form can have the same meaning as 'must', but is generally preferred when speaking about responsibilities. 'Must' is generally used to speak about strong personal obligation (For example: I must talk to Peter. It's important!) Will have to do something is used to speak about future obligations, and had to do something is used to speak about past obligations. The negative form don't / didn't have to do something refers to an action which is not required of someone, but possible nonetheless. 'Mustn't', on the other hand, refers to something that is prohibited.
我們用have to do sth來表示人生中應盡的責任。該形式和must的意思一樣，但在表示責任時，我們一般會使用have to do。Must一般用於強烈的個人責任感（例如：我必須跟皮特談談。這件事太重要了！）Will have to do sth用來表示將來的責任，had to do sth則表示過去的責任。否定形式don’t/didn’t have to do sth表示某人不需要做某事，但也並不是絕對的。另一方面，mustn’t表示禁止做某事。
Present Examples:
現在時態的例子：
Doug has to get up early every day.
道格不得不每天早起。
They have to work hard on Saturdays.
他們不得不在週六辛苦工作。
She doesn't have to go to work on Saturdays. (It's possible, but not necessary)
她不需要在週六工作。（表示可能，但並不是絕對）
Past Examples:
過去時態的例子：
They had to leave early to catch the flight.
他們不得不早早出發去趕航班。
Jennifer had to explain the situation to Peter.
詹妮弗不得不向皮特解釋情況。
I didn't have to go to the meeting in Dallas. (I could have gone, but it wasn't necessary)
我不需要去參加達拉斯的會議。（我也可以去，但並不是非去不可）
Future Examples:
將來時態的例子：
He will have to get up early tomorrow.
他明天得起早。
Janice will have to decide whether she wants to marry him or not.
詹尼斯就不得不作出決定，自己是否想嫁給他。
They won't have to purchase any additional materials. (They can, but it's not required.)
他們不需要再買多餘的材料。（他們也可以買，但沒被要求。）
HAVE GOT FOR OBLIGATION
have got表示責任
Have got to do' is used informally in the United States with the same meaning as 'have to do'. This form is fine for informal conversations, but should not be used in formal writing.'
在美式英語中，Have got to do比較口語化，它的意思和have to do相同。該形式適用於非正式會話，不用於正式的寫作。
I've got to finish this report soon.
我不得不盡快完成這份報告。
She's got to keep calm and focus.
她不得不冷靜下來，集中注意力。
They've got to keep up with the Jones'.
他們不得不和別人攀比。
CAUSATIVE USE OF HAVE
have的使動用法
'have' can also be used as a causative verb. A causative verb expresses something that someone causes to happen.
have也可以用作使役動詞。使役動詞表示某人導致了某事的發生。
To Have Something Happen / Happening - Experiences - Have + object(s) + base form of verb / -ing form
Have+物體（或複數）+動詞原形/動名詞形式
This form is used to speak about experiences that have happened, or experience in general.
該形式是用來表述已經發生的事情，或者一般的經歷。
We have people visit us all the time.
一直都有客人來拜訪我們。
Sherry had her children playing in the garden.
雪莉讓孩子們在花園裏玩。
I'd have music being performed at my funeral.
我會讓人在我的葬禮上演奏音樂。
To Have Something Done - Arrangements - Have + object(s) + past participle
計劃——Have+物體（或複數）+過去分詞
This form is used to speak about something that you arrange to have done for you. This form is also known as the causative 'have' because it expresses something which someone else causes to happen.
該形式是用來表示，你在爲某事而計劃。這個形式中含有使役動詞have，因爲它表示某人導致某事的發生。
She had them delivered to her home.
她把這些東西都運回了家。
We had Jack promoted to director.
我們提拔傑克做主任。
She had her lawn mowed this past weekend.
上週末她修剪了草坪。
