有關金融的英語口語對話
學習金融英語，需要我們去突破自己的英語口語能力，下面本站小編爲大家帶來有關金融的英語口語情景對話，歡迎大家學習!
H:Today it is an honour for me to be invited here and we will have a free talk about theInternational Monetary System.
霍：今天我很榮幸地被邀到這裏來談談有關國際貨幣制度.
Could you ask some questions, please?
請你們來提一些問題好嗎?
S1:We have been reading a great deal recently about exchange rate fluctuations,
學1：最近，我讀了大量有關外匯匯率浮動，
clean and dirty floats and so on, but I am not quite sure what the International MonetarySystem is.
不受限制的和受限制的匯率浮動等等，但是對於什麼是國際貨幣制度， 我還不十分清楚。
H:Well, the term International Monetary System actually refers to a series of agreementsamong the major governments and their central banks to bring order and stability to theinternational exchange markets.
霍：噢，“國際貨幣制度”這一術語實際上是爲了維護國際外匯市場的秩序和穩定，一些影響較大的政府和中央銀行之間所簽定的一系列協定。
The most important, signed in 1944, is called the Bretton Woods Agreemen
最爲重要的一個協定是1944年簽定的佈雷頓森林協
Then it established the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
根據該協定建立了世界銀行和國際貨幣基金組織。
S2:Oh, you mean these agreements regulate international exchange rates?
學2:那麼,您是說由這些協定來管理國際匯率
H:Yes. They did until 1971.
霍：是的，直到1971年。
S3:What happened in 1971 to change this?
學3：什麼原因在1971年改變了這一點呢?
H:The surplus of dollars abroad from foreign aid,
霍：由於外援而造成國外的美元過剩，
capital exports and chronic balance of payments deficits forced the U.S. to formally suspendgold convertibility.
資本的輸出和長期的國際收支逆差迫使美國正式中止了黃金可兌換性，
This brought an end to the old Bretton Woods System.
致使舊的佈雷頓森林體系宣告結束。
S4:Then, was the Smithsonian Agreement signed?
學4：然後簽訂了史密森協定?
H:You are right. In December 1971.
霍：是這樣。在1971年12月簽訂的。
Under this agreement and others the fixed rate exchange system has been changed to afloating exchange rate system in which the values of various currencies fluctuate to restorebalance-of-payments equilibrium.
在這一協定和其他協定的指導下，固定的外匯匯率制度轉變爲浮動匯率制度，在這個制度中，以各種貨幣價值的波動來恢復國際收支差額的平衡。
S4:I see. But I have another question. Are foreign exchange rates free to change according tothe laws of supply and demand now?
學4：我明白了，但我還有一個問題。現在外匯匯率是按照供需規律自由地變化嗎?
H:Not quite. In fact, we now have another system, a dirty float system.
霍：也不完全這樣。實際上，我們現在建立了另一個制度，受限制的匯率浮動的制度。
You know there is a lot of flexibility in exchange rates in accordance with balance of paymentfactors,
你們知道按照國際收支差額因素，匯率有很大程度的靈活性，
central banks still intervene in the market by buying or selling large amounts of foreigncurrencies to prevent wide ranging fluctuations.
中央銀行仍然使用買進或賣出大量外幣的辦法來防止大幅度的外匯浮動，以此來干預外匯市場。
S5:A clean float would be better, wouldn't it?
學5：不受限制的匯率浮動更好些，是嗎?
H:I think, a clean float means that the parity rate of various currencies would go up or go downto restore balance-of-payments equilibrium.
霍：我想，不受限制的匯率浮動意味着各種貨幣的比價能以漲價或跌價來恢復國際收支差額的平衡。
Therefore, a country's international trade position could be affected by an appreciation of itscurrenc
因此,一個國家的外貿地位因爲它的貨幣的增值而受到影
That's why it takes a great deal of international cooperation to make the present system work.
這就是爲什麼需要大量國際間協作纔會使得這個現行制度發揮作用。
S:Thank you for your talk.
學：謝謝您的報告。
有關金融英語口語對話(二)Mr. Wang:I'm afraid, Miss Li, you're not quite accurate when you call a computer an 'electronic brain'.
王：李小姐，你把計算機叫做電腦恐怕不太確切。
Miss Li:Oh! But most people do.
李：噢!不過大多數人都是這樣說的。
Mr. Wang:Yes, it was given that title by some misguided journalist not long after the first modern electronic computer was built in 1946.
王：是，這種稱呼是在1946年製造出第一臺現代化計算機之後不久，有一位新聞記者錯誤地給計算機戴上的。
Mr. Song:It is electronic, Mr. Wang, so therefore you must be objecting to the word brain.
宋：這是電子的，王先生，因此你一定會反對用腦子這個詞來稱呼它。
Mr. Wang:Exactly, Mr. Song. There are similarities with the human brain,
王：確實如此。宋先生。計算機同人腦有相似性。
but there is one very important difference.
但二者之間有一個非常重要的差別。
Miss Li:The computer is better?
李：把它稱作計算機不是更好嗎?
Mr. Wang:In some ways, yes, but not in something which is quite fundamental.
王：在某些方面可以這樣說，但在某些根本性的問題上就不行了。
Mr. Song:Mr. Wang, do you mean the fact that the machine is controlled by man?
宋：王先生，你是否指的是計算機是由人控制的這樣一個事實?
Mr. Wang:I do. You see, despite all its accomplishments, the socalled electronic brain must be programmed by a human brain.
王：是的。你知道，任憑它能完成所有計算，但所謂的電腦還是必須由人腦來給它編制程序的。
Miss Li:Programmed?
李：編制程序?
Mr. Song:Yes, Miss Li. A program is a sequence of instructions prepared for the computer for a specific calculation,
宋先生：是的，李小姐。程序是計算機做特定的。
or series of calculations, enabling the computer to solve a given program.
或一系列的計算機所準備的一連串的指令，這樣才能使計算機去解決給定的問題.。
Mr. Wang:The point is that a human tells the machine what to do,
王：其要點是由人告訴機器做什麼，
when to do it and how it is done.
什麼時間做，怎樣做完。
Miss Li:I see! Do you also program information for the computer's memory?
李小姐：我明白了!那你還要給計算機的存儲器編入信息吧!
Mr. Wang:Correct, except the word memory has rather gone out of fashion.
王：對的，不過“記憶”這個詞早已過時了。
The computer doesn't really remember. Information is stored in it.
計算機並不真正記憶。信息是貯存在機內的。
We refer to core storage, or the store of data.
是指核心存儲，或是叫數據存儲。
Miss Bai:Mr. Wang, the machine's free now for a real time demonstration.
白：王先生，現在計算機正空在那裏呢!可以做實時演示。
Mr. Wang:Thank you, Miss Bai. If you'd like to follow me...
王：謝謝你，白小姐。請跟我們來...
These are called interrogating typewriters.
這些稱爲交互查詢打印機。
Mr. Song:And that's the input-output system?
宋;那是輸入輸出系統嗎?
Miss Bai:That's right. It's the method best suited to the particular needs of this organization.
白：是的，這是適用於組織計算特種需要的最佳方式。
Mr. Wang:The operator - this young lady - types the information or questions, or both.
王：我們年輕的操作員小姐鍵入問題或提問題，或是兩者都進行。
Miss Ding:Yes. This produces two very different copies.
丁：對。這裏輸出的是兩種完全不同的拷貝。
:One's an ordinary typewritten copy.
宋;一份是一般打印出來的文本。
Mr. Wang:That's right. Then her typing also sends pulses down a line,
王：對的。然後操作員再把這脈衝輸入給線路，
an ordinary telephone line.
一種普通電話線路。
And this simultaneously cuts the information or question on to a paper tape which is fed into the computer.
隨即計算機同時把信息或問題打印在送入計算機的紙帶上。
I think Miss Bai here can tell you the rest.
我想白小姐可以告訴你們此後的其他情況。
有關金融英語口語對話(三)S:The customer then has the right to demand purchase or sale of a specified currency at an agreed exchange rate up to an agreed date,
斯：這樣客戶就可以在與銀行的外匯期貨合約上規定的任何時間內，擁有以約定的某一匯率要求買或賣的權利。
say, three week's time.
比如說，三週後的當天。
Z:But supposing the exchange rate in three week's time is better than the one the customer has agreed on with the bank?
張：但假定三週後的匯率要比客戶與銀行所商定的好，那該怎麼辦呢?
S:In this case, the customer needn't use the option.
斯：這時，客戶就不需要使用期權。
Z:So, the term 'option' in 'currency option' suggests the choice of the customer to use or not to use. Am I right?
張：這樣說來，期權這個術語的“權”就意味着，客戶可以選擇使用或者放棄。我說得對嗎?
S:Yes, exactly. In the case of the German company, if the rate between the Deutschmark and the US dollar is worse than the one the company and the bank have agreed on,
斯：對極了!在那個德國公司一例中，如果德國馬克與美元之間的匯率比公司和銀行的合約上約定的匯率差。
the company will of course exercise option. Only in this way,
該公司就理所當然行使期權。這樣一來，
the company will avoid any loss due to the fall in exchange rates.
該公司就不承擔由於匯率下跌引起的任何風險。
And this is the basic idea of the currency option.
這就是“期權”的基本含義。
Z:I'm getting it now. Not matter how the exchange rate is moving up or down,
張：我明白了。不管匯率是下升還是下跌，
and the customer decides to use the option or not, the cost is only the premium for the option.
客戶決定用期權還是不用，所花的成本只是購買期權時所付出的保險費而已。
S:You are not incorrect. Some experts say that the currency options market may develop to replace forward contracts over the next few years.
斯：你說得對!一些行家認爲，外匯期權市場發展起來，將在今後幾年取代外匯期貨的市場。
Z:I can understand why. With the development of currency options market in treasury services provided by banks,
張：我知道爲什麼。隨着銀行對期權市場提供各處財政金融方面的服務，
forward rate market is becoming anyhow redundant, isn't it?
這一市場發展迅猛，而外匯期貨市場則顯得越來越多餘了，這是不是這樣?
S:Yes. The currency options market, compared with the forward,
斯：對。期權市場和期貨市場相比，
can cover a larger proportion of the sort of business.
能涵蓋更多的業務。
And clearly, the option has more advantages than the forward.
很顯然，期權比期貨具有更多的優越性。
Z:Yes, I see. But I can't make it clear in my own words.
張：是的，我清楚了。但我不能用自己的話來概括。
S:Let me help you. Most companies seek forward cover to kill off the downside risk in foreign exchange dealing.
斯：我來幫你概括吧。大多數公司採用期貨交易來消除外匯交易的匯率風險。
An option can also do that. With the option, the customer has an insurance-like product to cover itself against downside risk.
而期權同樣能做到這一點，而且客戶有了一種風險-正如給商品上了保險一樣。
But a forward contract kills off the upside possibility.
但是期貨合約同時也消除也匯率上升的可能性。
On the contrary, an option does not simultaneously kill off the upside.
相反，期權則保留了匯率上升的有利方面。
Instead,with the option,the customer kills off the downside risk and keeps the upside possibility.
客戶運用期權，不僅消除了匯率下跌帶來的風險，而且保留了匯率上升帶來的有利機會。
Z:So the most important advantage of an option is that it covers downside and keeps upside.
張：所以說，期權的最大優點就是留住上升機會，避免下跌風險。
S:Yes, you are good at making summaries.
斯：你的概括能力真強。
The second advantage of a currency option is that the customer has a known worst case.
期權交易的第二個優點就是，客戶對最壞的情況心中有數。
Once the exchange rate is agreed upon between the customer and the bank,
一旦客戶與銀行的合約中心規定了某一匯率，
no one can come and ask the customer for more money,
就再也不會有人來向客戶要一分錢了。
except the option premium the customer has paid to the bank.
那麼，除了支付給銀行一筆保險金後。
Z:So, the option premium is like insurance premium a customer pays to an insurance company against possible loss.
張：所以說，期權保險金如同客戶爲避免可能的損失而向保險公司支付的那種保險金了。
S:A very vivid description. They share the same idea.
斯：非常生動貼切的比喻。這兩者的道理是一樣的。
Z:Are there any other advantages of an option?
張：期權還有其它的優點嗎?
S:It is especially useful for covering contingent flows;
斯：它對意外的流動特別有好處。
however, the customer can't cover that kind of risk with a forward contract.
但是在外匯期貨合同中客戶就不能夠避免這種風險。
Z:I'm much obliged to you for your help.
張：十分感激您給我的幫助。
S:It's my pleasure.
斯：不必客氣。
有關金融的英語口語情景對話
